68000 Microprocessor : Hardware and Software Principles and Applications

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ISBN: 9780136681205 | 0136681204
Cover: Paperback
Copyright: 1/1/2004

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For one-semester, senior-level courses in Microprocessors, Assembly Language Programming and Microcomputer Design in departments of Electrical Engineering, Engineering Technology, Electronics Technology, and Computer Science. Designed to demystify the Motorola 68000 microprocessor its hardware and software this text leads students on an in-depth, hands-on exploration of more than 75 different applications and then guides them through the construction and programming of their own working single-board 68000 system.

PART 1 INTRODUCTION

(34)

1 MICROPROCESSOR-BASED SYSTEMS

(17)

Objectives

(1)

1.1 Introduction

(1)

1.2 Evolution of Microprocessors

(1)

1.3 System Block Diagram

(4)

1.4 Microprocessor Operation

(1)

1.5 Hardware/Software Requirements

(2)

1.6 The Machintosh Personal Computer

(2)

1.7 Developing Software for the 68000

(3)

1.8 The Calculator Project

(1)

1.9 Troubleshooting Techniques

(1)

Summary

(1)

Study Questions

(2)

2 AN INTRODUCTION TO THE 68000 MICROPROCESSOR

(17)

Objectives

(1)

2.1 Introduction

(1)

2.2 The Software Model of the 68000

(1)

2.3 A Functional Description of the 68000

(3)

2.4 68000 Data Organization

(2)

2.5 68000 Instruction Types

(2)

2.6 Advantages of the 68000

(1)

2.7 Beginning the Calculator Project

(1)

2.8 Troubleshooting Techniques

(1)

Summary

(1)

Study Questions

(5)

PART 2 SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURE

(100)

3 SOFTWARE DETAILS OF THE 68000

(65)

Objectives

(1)

3.1 Introduction

(1)

3.2 Assembly Language Programmings

(4)

3.3 68000 Instruction Types

(3)

3.4 68000 Addressing Modes

(12)

3.5 The 68000's Instruction Set

(35)

3.6 How an Assembler Generates Machine Code

(4)

3.7 Troubleshooting Techniques

(1)

Summary

(1)

Study Questions

(5)

4 EXCEPTION PROCESSING

101

(35)

Objectives

101

(1)

4.1 Introduction

101

(1)

4.2 Execution States

102

(1)

4.3 Privilege States

103

(2)

4.4 Changing the Privilege State

105

(1)

4.5 Exception Processing

106

(4)

4.6 Multiple Exceptions

110

(1)

4.7 Special Exceptions

111

(16)

4.8 Exceptional Handlers

127

(2)

4.9 Troubleshooting Techniques

129

(1)

Summary

130

(1)

Study Questions

130

(6)

PART 3 PROGRAMMING

136

(98)

5 AN INTRODUCTION TO DATA STRUCTURES

136

(26)

Objectives

136

(1)

5.1 Introduction

136

(2)

5.2 Defining Constants with EQU

138

(1)

5.3 Defining Variables with DC and DS

139

(2)

5.4 Accessing One-Dimensional Arrays

141

(3)

5.5 Accessing Two-Dimensional Arrays

144

(3)

5.6 Character Strings

147

(1)

5.7 Static Versus Dynamic Storage Allocation

148

(1)

5.8 Linked-Lists

149

(3)

5.9 Binary Trees

152

(3)

5.10 Stacks and Queues

155

(3)

5.11 Troubleshooting Techniques

158

(1)

Summary

158

(1)

Study Questions

159

(3)

6 AN INTRODUCTION TO PROGRAMMING THE 68000

162

(72)

Objectives

162

(1)

6.1 Introduction

162

(1)

6.2 Tacking a Large Programming Assignment

163

(4)

6.3 Writing a Software Driver

167

(2)

6.4 Parameter Passing

169

(6)

6.5 Equivalent Instructions and Code Optimization

175

(1)

6.6 Data Gathering

176

(4)

6.7 Searching Data Tables

180

(4)

6.8 String Operations

184

(4)

6.9 Sorting

188

(3)

6.10 Computational Routines

191

(13)

6.11 Number Conversions

204

(4)

6.12 Control Applications

208

(7)

6.13 Instruction Execution Times

215

(3)

6.14 Exception Handling

218

(3)

6.15 A Working Calculator

221

(4)

6.16 Connecting to DOS

225

(2)

6.17 Troubleshooting Techniques

227

(1)

Summary

228

(1)

Study Questions

228

(1)

Additional Programming Exercises

229

(5)

PART 4 HARDWARE ARCHITECTURE

234

(186)

7 HARDWARE DETAILS OF THE 68000

234

(23)

Objectives

234

(1)

7.1 Introduction

234

(1)

7.2 CPU Specifications

235

(1)

7.3 CPU Pin Descriptions

236

(11)

7.4 System Timing Diagrams

247

(2)

7.5 Hardware Aspects of the Calculator Project

249

(2)

7.6 Providing Access to the Processor Signals

251

(2)

7.7 Troubleshooting Techniques

253

(1)

Summary

253

(1)

Study Questions

253

(4)

8 MEMORY SYSTEM DESIGN

257

(38)

Objectives

257

(1)

8.1 Introduction

257

(1)

8.2 The 68000 Address and Data Buses

258

(1)

8.3 Bus Buffering

259

(2)

8.4 Accessing Memory

261

(2)

8.5 Designing a Memory Address Decoder

263

(7)

8.6 Partial-Address Decoding

270

(3)

8.7 Designing with Available Memories

273

(4)

8.8 Generating DTACK

277

(2)

8.9 Dynamic RAM Interfacing

279

(8)

8.10 Direct Memory Access

287

(3)

8.11 Troubleshooting Techniques

290

(1)

Summary

290

(1)

Study Questions

291

(4)

I/O SYSTEM DESIGN

295

(27)

Objectives

295

(1)

9.1 Introduction

295

(1)

9.2 Memory-Mapped I/O

296

(3)

9.3 Parallel-Data Transfer: The 6821 PIA

299

(6)

9.4 Serial Data Transfer: The 6850 ACIA

305

(8)

9.5 Memory-Mapped Video I/O: The 6845 CRT Controller

313

(4)

9.6 Troubleshooting Techniques

317

(1)

Summary

318

(1)

Study Questions

318

(4)

10 ADVANCED PROGRAMMING USING 68000 PERIPHERIALS

322

(60)

Objectives

322

(1)

10.1 Introduction

322

(1)

10.2 The 68440 Dual DMA Controller

323

(10)

10.3 The 68451 Memory Management Unit

333

(8)

10.4 The 68681 Dual UART

341

(6)

10.5 The 68230 PI/T (Parallel Interface/Timer)

347

(14)

10.6 The 68901 Multifunction Peripheral

361

(5)

10.7 The 68153 Bus Interrupt Module

366

(3)

10.8 The 68881 Floating-Point Coprocessor

369

(6)

10.9 Interfacing with Non-Motorola Peripherals

375

(2)

10.10 A Summary of Other 68000-Based Peripherals

377

(1)

10.11 Troubleshooting Techniques

378

(1)

Summary

378

(1)

Study Questions

379

(3)

11. BUILDING A WORKING 68000 SYSTEM

382

(38)

Objectives

382

(1)

11.1 Introduction

382

(1)

11.2 Minimal System Requirements

383

(1)

11.3 Designing the Hardware

383

(10)

11.4 The Minimal System's Parts List

393

(1)

11.5 Construction Tips

394

(1)

11.6 Using Programmable Logic in the Minimal System

395

(1)

11.7 Writing the Software Monitor

396

(13)

11.8 Adding Commands to the Monitor

409

(1)

11.9 Example Programs

410

(2)

11.10 Troubleshooting Techniques

412

(1)

Summary

413

(1)

Study Questions

413

(7)

PART 5 ADVANCED TOPICS

420

(23)

12 AN INTRODUCTION TO THE ADVANCED 680x0 SERIES MICROPROCESSORS

420

(23)

Objectives

420

(1)

12.1 Introduction

420

(1)

12.2 The 68008: An 8-Bit Spinoff

421

(1)

12.3 The 68010: A Virtual Memory Microprocessor

422

(3)

12.4 The 68020: A True 32-Bit Machine

425

(3)

12.5 The 68030: An Enhanced 32-Bit Machine

428

(5)

12.6 An Overview of the 68040

433

(2)

12.7 The 68060: A Superscalar Microprocessor

435

(5)

12.8 Troubleshooting Techniques

440

(1)

Summary

440

(1)

Study Questions

441

(2)

APPENDIXES

443

(146)

A 68000 Data Sheets

443

(10)

B 68000 Instruction Set

453

(69)

C 68000 Instruction Execution Times

522

(10)

D 68000 Peripheral Data Sheets

532

(43)

E A Note About ASM68K and EMU68K

575

(1)

F A Review of Number Systems and Binary Arithmetic

576

(6)

G ASCII Character Set

582

(1)

H DOS/BIOS Function Calls

583

(6)

SOLUTIONS AND ANSWERS TO SELECTING ODD-NUMBERED STUDY QUESTIONS

589

(8)

INDEX

597

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68000 Microprocessor : Hardware and Software Principles and Applications

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials