The Anthropology of AIDS

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ISBN: 9780813032924 | 081303292X
Cover: Paperback
Copyright: 4/12/2009

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The Anthropology of AIDS synthesizes data from anthropology, psychology, sociology, biology, and medicine, and incorporates the author's more than two decades of work as a medical anthropologist, HIV test counselor, and sex therapist. Designed for use in a range of college courses, this volume combines a solid introduction to the epidemiology of HIV and AIDS with a wealth of material exploring the cross-cultural societal impact of the disease.

List of Illustrations	p. xi
List of Abbreviations	p. xiii
Preface and Acknowledgments	p. xv
An Anthropological Perspective on HIV/AIDS	p. 1
The HIV/AIDS Crisis	p. 1
Anthropology, Medical Anthropology, and AIDS	p. 4
Medical Anthropology	p. 5
Concepts	p. 7
Methodology	p. 8
Theoretical Orientations	p. 12
Summary	p. 18
Thought Questions	p. 18
Resources	p. 18
The Changing Face of AIDS: A Historical and Epidemiological Overview	p. 19
Epidemiology Overview	p. 20
Applying Epidemiology to HIV/AIDS	p. 28
Age	p. 34
Gender	p. 36
Ethnicity	p. 37
Modes of Transmission	p. 38
Cofactors	p. 40
Political and Economic Cofactors	p. 41
Origins of HIV/AIDS	p. 44
Ethics	p. 49
Summary	p. 51
Thought Questions	p. 52
Resources	p. 52
The Biomedical Aspects of HIV/AIDS, Thomas Budd	p. 54
The Course of AIDS Begins with the Viruses	p. 55
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Components	p. 56
Does HIV Really Cause AIDS?	p. 58
HIV Variations	p. 58
HIV Infection	p. 59
Immunology	p. 60
ELISA-Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay	p. 63
Progression to AIDS	p. 65
Cellular Production of HIV	p. 67
HAART-Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy	p. 70
The Cultural Dimensions of HAART/ARVs and Vaccines	p. 72
Vaccines	p. 73
Summary	p. 75
Thought Questions	p. 76
Resources	p. 76
HIV Testing	p. 77
HIV Tests	p. 77
HIV Test Counseling	p. 82
Mandatory and Voluntary Testing	p. 94
Ethics and Controversies of HIV Testing	p. 97
Summary	p. 105
Thought Questions	p. 106
Resources	p. 106
Sex and AIDS	p. 108
Sexuality	p. 109
Marriage and Kinship Systems	p. 110
Gender	p. 111
Sexual Orientation	p. 113
Sexual Orientation outside of the United States	p. 115
The Sexual Risk Continuum	p. 116
Sex and HIV in the United States	p. 123
Sexual Communities in the United States	p. 126
Sex Workers	p. 129
HIV, Sex, and Ethnicity in the United States	p. 130
Sex and HIV/AIDS outside the United States	p. 138
Summary	p. 149
Thought Questions	p. 150
Resources	p. 150
Drugs and AIDS	p. 153
Drugs and the United States	p. 154
Alternative and Complementary Drugs and Therapies	p. 155
Recreational Drug Use and HIV	p. 155
HIV, Blood, Drugs, and Needles Cross-Culturally	p. 169
Successful Harm Reduction Programs	p. 174
Summary	p. 175
Thought Questions	p. 176
Resources	p. 176
AIDS and Women	p. 177
Women as Caregivers	p. 178
Women as Sexual Beings	p. 179
Biology, Women, and Sexual Risks of HIV Infection	p. 180
Sociocultural Factors in Women's Risk of HIV Infection	p. 181
Female Sex Workers and HIV	p. 183
Psycho-emotional Factors and Women's Sexuality	p. 186
Sexual Practices and Women's Risk of HIV Infection	p. 189
Women as Reproductive Beings	p. 190
HIV + Women and Reproduction	p. 192
Poverty, Politics, HIV/AIDS, and Women	p. 196
Ethics, Women, and HIV/AIDS	p. 201
Summary	p. 203
Thought Questions	p. 203
Resources	p. 203
The Politics and Economics of AIDS	p. 205
Overview of Politics and Economics	p. 206
Economics, Politics, and HIV/AIDS in the United States	p. 206
Economics, Politics, Risks, and Subcultures	p. 208
The Economics and Politics of HIV Testing	p. 211
The Economics and Politics of Vaccine and Drug Development and Treatment	p. 213
Politics, Economics, and HIV/AIDS Cross-Culturally	p. 219
Fear and HIV/AIDS	p. 221
Politics, Economics, and HIV Decision Making	p. 222
HIV/AIDS and Human Rights	p. 230
Summary	p. 231
Thought Questions	p. 231
Resources	p. 232
The Sociopsychological Aspects of AIDS	p. 233
The Sociopsychological Aspects of Stigma	p. 233
Stigma, Sex, Gender, Orientation, and Drugs	p. 234
Stigma, Illness, and Death	p. 236
Stigma and Grief	p. 238
Sociopsychological Issues for People with HIV/AIDS	p. 239
Sexuality and PLWH/As in the United States	p. 242
Cross-Cultural Sociopsyschological Factors	p. 244
Sociopsychological Factors for the Caregivers and Survivors	p. 245
Summary	p. 251
Thought Questions	p. 251
Resources	p. 251
Conclusion: AIDS in the Twenty-First Century	p. 253
Overview of the Pandemic	p. 253
HIV/AIDS in the United States in the Twenty-First Century	p. 254
HIV/AIDS in the Nonindustrialized World in the Twenty-First Century	p. 256
Successful Intervention Efforts	p. 258
The Value of an Anthropological Approach in HIV Interventions	p. 259
Summary	p. 261
Thought Questions	p. 261
Resources	p. 262
Glossary	p. 263
Bibliography	p. 273
Index	p. 339
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.

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The Anthropology of AIDS

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