Antiquity: Origins, Classicism and The New Rome

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ISBN: 9780415407502 | 0415407508
Cover: Hardcover
Copyright: 6/15/2007

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The first in a new series of five books describing and illustrating the seminal architectural traditions of the world, Antiquity traces architectural history from its very beginnings until the time when the traditions that shape today "s environments began to flourish. More than a catalogue of buildings, in this work Tadgell provides their political, technological, social and cultural contexts and explores architecture, not only as the development of form and space but as an expression of the civilization within which it evolves. The buildings are analyzed and illustrated with over 1200 colour photographs and 400 drawings while the societies that produced them are brought to life through a broad selection of their artefacts.

Prologue: Origins	p. 2
Sentient man at home	p. 5
The Fertile Crescent and the neighbouring Nile Valley	p. 9
Settlement to town	p. 11
Religion: earth-mother and sky-god	p. 15
Neolithic Europe	p. 16
West Asia and the Eastern Mediterranean	p. 22
The Fertile Crescent and the Nile Valley	p. 24
Introduction: civilization and architecture	p. 25
Materials and structure	p. 28
Ornamentation and design	p. 34
Sumer	p. 35
Religion	p. 39
The tripartite plan and the temple	p. 41
Secular power and kingship	p. 44
The palace	p. 47
The Early Dynastic temple	p. 48
The Old Kingdom of Egypt	p. 50
Egyptian cosmology	p. 52
Pharaonic Egypt	p. 55
The Old Kingdom succession	p. 56
Pharaonic continuum	p. 62
From mastaba to pyramid	p. 63
From pyramid to obelisk	p. 82
Mesopotamian empires	p. 86
Ur: sacred compound	p. 88
Ur: town and house	p. 91
Ur's Sumerian successors and the palace	p. 91
The temple in the early 2nd millennium BCE	p. 92
Amorites, trade and the east	p. 94
The Indus Valley civilization	p. 94
Assur, Mari and Babylon	p. 95
Theban kingdoms of the Nile	p. 102
Gods and king	p. 106
Houses for the living and the dead	p. 106
The New Kingdom and empire	p. 111
Hiding the tomb	p. 115
Amplifying the temple	p. 121
The royal cult temple	p. 130
The palace	p. 140
The town: grids and zoning	p. 143
The Aegean, Anatolia and the Aryans	p. 145
Minoans and Achaeans	p. 146
Crete	p. 146
Minos and the bull	p. 147
Cretan cataclysm	p. 153
Achaeans and Trojans	p. 156
The triumph of reason	p. 164
The Hittite Anatolian order	p. 164
Citadels and sanctuaries in ancient Anatolia	p. 166
Issues from a Dark Age	p. 168
Levant	p. 169
The dark age at the turn of the second millennium	p. 172
The bit-hilani	p. 173
The Hebrews	p. 176
Sabea	p. 179
Sabea and Axum	p. 183
World empire	p. 188
Assyria and Babylon	p. 188
Seats of Assyrian power	p. 192
The fall of Assyria and the neo-Babylonians	p. 202
The Achaemenids and their world empire	p. 206
Seats of Achaemenid power	p. 209
Pre-Columbian America	p. 220
Introduction	p. 223
Mesoamerica	p. 228
The pre-Classic era of the Olmecs	p. 229
Olmec centres	p. 231
Olmec god, man and mediator	p. 236
Olmec legacy	p. 239
Classic achievement	p. 243
Common beliefs	p. 246
The state	p. 254
Siting and planning	p. 255
Ubiquitous form	p. 270
Type and style in the orbit of Teotihuacan and Monte Alban	p. 270
Classic Mayan idiosyncrasy	p. 283
Late-Classic Mayans	p. 292
The post-Classic world of the Toltecs and Aztecs	p. 307
The northern Chichimeca and their progeny	p. 208
Mexica Aztecs	p. 317
The Andean Littoral	p. 328
Introduction	p. 329
The First Horizon	p. 332
Tiahuanaco and the Middle Horizon	p. 336
The Late Horizon of the Inca	p. 342
Inca state and hierarchy	p. 344
Inca religion	p. 347
Inca building	p. 349
The temple	p. 355
Complex and town	p. 357
The Classical World	p. 364
Hellenic Order	p. 366
Introduction: Hellas and Hellenic society	p. 367
The Olympian gods	p. 369
Early temples	p. 371
Hellenic settlement	p. 373
Towards democracy	p. 373
The polis	p. 375
The Persian menace	p. 375
Philosophy	p. 376
Mathematics, music and mysteries	p. 378
The Ordering of architecture	p. 379
The anthropomorphic ideal of order	p. 380
Ionic inception	p. 387
Doric from Archaic to Classical	p. 390
Western colonies	p. 392
Refinement of proportions	p. 398
Truth versus appearance	p. 401
The ideal and vitality	p. 402
Periklean apogee	p. 413
The Propylaea	p. 422
The Temple of Nike and the Erechtheion	p. 424
The Sanctuary of Dionysos	p. 426
Planning and technology	p. 428
The development of formality	p. 436
Housing	p. 438
Building technology	p. 439
Polis in crisis	p. 440
Platonic rationalism	p. 441
Aristotelian empiricism	p. 443
Eclecticism and the advent of Corinthian	p. 445
Praxiteles and Lysippos	p. 448
Internal embellishment and ambiguity	p. 449
Macedonians and the East	p. 454
Introduction	p. 455
Divine monarchy	p. 456
Transformation of the Hellenic ideal	p. 459
Tombs and monuments	p. 462
Ionic apotheosis	p. 468
Late-Classical planning and defence	p. 478
The theatre	p. 481
Housing	p. 483
Defence	p. 485
Pergamon	p. 491
Mixed Orders	p. 496
Republican Rome and Its Mentors	p. 498
Introduction: legend, arms and mores	p. 499
Greeks and Etruscans	p. 500
Absorption of Etruria and destruction of Carthage	p. 501
Rigour and religion	p. 501
Political discipline	p. 503
Etruscan legacy	p. 504
Houses and tombs	p. 505
Temples	p. 510
From temple precinct to urban order	p. 512
Hellenization and engineering	p. 516
Eastern conquest	p. 517
Republic in crisis	p. 518
Early Hellenistic Roman building	p. 520
The Hellenized Roman town and public building types	p. 526
Decoration and the house	p. 537
Mass housing	p. 545
Engineering and building technology	p. 546
Materials	p. 552
Augustan Rome and Its Empire	p. 554
Introduction: from Caesar to Constantine	p. 555
Augustus	p. 555
Imperial succession	p. 557
Expansion and decline	p. 557
The cult of the emperor	p. 561
Augustan Rome and Vitruvius	p. 564
Vitruvius	p. 572
Form and imperial style	p. 575
The theatre and its articulation	p. 575
Scenography	p. 585
Mannerism	p. 601
Rococo	p. 605
Parthian postscript	p. 608
Mass and imperial space	p. 612
Concrete space	p. 614
The apotheosis of the villa	p. 626
Thermae	p. 635
Decoration	p. 643
Baroque mass	p. 645
Sassanian digression	p. 652
Palace and basilica in the age of Diocletian	p. 654
Christianity and Empire	p. 662
Rome and New Romes	p. 664
Introduction: Constantine and the dominion of Christ	p. 665
Christianity in context	p. 666
Retreat	p. 671
From proscription to prescription	p. 673
Authority	p. 675
Doctrine and debate	p. 676
Neoplatonism and the Light of God	p. 677
Liturgy	p. 680
Icon and iconoclasm	p. 681
Christian building types: the Roman inheritance	p. 686
Constantinian building	p. 692
The basilica	p. 693
Baptistery and shrine	p. 696
Hybrids	p. 699
Division and late-imperial Rome	p. 702
The Eternal City eclipsed	p. 703
Building under Constantine's successors	p. 708
Roman standards	p. 709
Milan	p. 719
Ravenna	p. 724
Early imperial Byzantium and diversity	p. 731
The orbit of Constantinople	p. 733
The Aegean littoral	p. 735
Asia Minor	p. 740
Syria	p. 742
Egypt and North Africa	p. 748
Baptistery	p. 751
Beyond the pale: Ethiopia	p. 752
The church in Axum	p. 753
The late-Axumite church	p. 756
Lalibela	p. 760
Gondar and Tana	p. 766
Justinian and the Apotheosis of Byzantium	p. 770
Revival in the east	p. 771
Justinian splendour: basilica and dome	p. 778
Cross and dome	p. 779
Consolidation and standardization in the east	p. 799
From domed basilica to quincunx	p. 800
Epilogue: The Last Half Millennium of Byzantium	p. 806
Introduction	p. 807
The prevalence of the quincunx	p. 810
The iconic panoply of heaven	p. 822
From contraction to organic development	p. 825
Glossary	p. 840
Further Reading	p. 846
Maps
The Achaemenid Empire, c. 650-330 BCE	p. 848
Egypt, c. 2500 BCE	p. 849
The Hellenistic world	p. 650
The Roman Empire, c. 100 CE	p. 852
The Christian world, 700-1050	p. 853
The Incas	p. 854
The Aztecs	p. 855
Index	p. 856
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Antiquity: Origins, Classicism and The New Rome

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