Art as Language: Access to Emotions and

Art as Languagemerges a user-friendly format and the unique assessment and treatment practices long-associated with Art Therapist, Rawley Silver. The book begins with an explanation of the author's unique approach to assessment, "Silver Drawing Test of Cognition and Adjustment." Through the use of case studies and more than 150 illustrations of patient artwork, the author summarizes findings of cognitive development and art therapy practices.

Rawley Silver, Ed.D., A.T.R.-B.C. is the former Director of the National Institute of Education Project. She has also been an Art Therapist and Consultant in private practice in Mamaroneck, New York

List of Figures

xi

Acknowledgments

xv

Foreword

xvii

Cathy A. Malchiodi

PART I STIMULUS DRAWING ASSESSMENTS

Introduction

3

(13)

Nonverbal Thinking

4

(1)

The Emotional Content of Drawings

5

(2)

The Cognitive Content of Drawings

7

(6)

Relationships Between Emotion and Cognition

13

(1)

Organization

14

(2)

Stimulus Drawing Assessments

16

(29)

How the Assessments Evolved

17

(2)

Stimulus Drawings and Techniques

19

(5)

The Silver Drawing Test of Cognition and Emotion

24

(9)

Draw-A-Story: Screening for Depression and Age or Gender Differences

33

(6)

Correlations Among the Stimulus Drawing Assessments

39

(6)

PART II QUALITATIVE STUDIES

Emotionally Disturbed, Hospitalized, and Sexually Abused Individuals

45

(13)

Identifying Troubled Children and Adolescents in Public Schools

45

(8)

Using the Assessments in Special Schools and Hospitals

53

(5)

Joey, a Child with Learning Disabilities

58

(7)

Hearing-Impaired Children and Adolescents

65

(14)

Burt

65

(5)

Vi

70

(4)

Lisa

74

(1)

Charlie

75

(4)

Adults and Adolescents with Brain Injuries

79

(16)

Mr. O

79

(4)

Jim

83

(3)

Gary

86

(2)

Mrs. V

88

(1)

Mrs. J

89

(1)

Mrs. M

89

(4)

Assessment of Brain-Injury Patients

93

(2)

Uses of Humor

95

(10)

Lethal Humor

96

(1)

Disparaging Humor

97

(2)

Resilient Humor

99

(1)

Ambivalent or Unclear Humor

99

(2)

Playful Humor

101

(2)

Results

103

(2)

Developmental Art Procedures

105

(20)

Objectives

105

(1)

Developing Ability to Sequence and Conserve

106

(2)

Developing Concepts of Space

108

(3)

12-Session Art Program

111

(14)

PART III QUANTITATIVE STUDIES

Atypical Children, Adolescents, and Adults

125

(24)

Adolescents and Adults in Detention Facilities

125

(8)

Clinically Depressed Children, Adolescents, and Adults

133

(5)

Children with Auditory and Language Impairments

138

(6)

Learning Disabled Children and Adolescents

144

(5)

Age, Gender, and Cultural Differences Among Typical Children, Adolescents, and Adults

149

(31)

Background

149

(1)

Age and Gender Differences in Attitudes toward Principal Subjects and Environments

150

(1)

Gender Differences in the Self-Images, Autonomous Subjects, and Interrelationships Portrayed by Children

151

(1)

Age and Gender Differences in Attitudes toward Self and Others

152

(5)

Age and Gender Differences in Attitudes toward the Opposite Sex

157

(4)

Fantasies about Food and Eating

161

(3)

Gender Differences in the Spatial Abilities of Adolescents

164

(2)

Gender Parity and Disparity in Performing Spatial Tasks

166

(3)

Comparing Attitudes and Spatial Abilities of Aging and Young Adults

169

(2)

Differences among Aging and Young Men and Women in Attitudes and Cognition

171

(6)

Cultural Differences and Similarities

177

(2)

Concluding Observations

179

(1)

References

180

(5)

Index

185

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Art as Language: Access to Emotions and Cognitive Skills through Drawings

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials