Atlas of Ear Diseases of the Dog and Cat

Karen Tobias DVM is a Diplomate of the American College of Veterinary Surgeons with over 20 years of experience performing and teaching small animal soft tissue surgery. She is a Full Professor at the University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine, and has published over 50 peer-reviewed articles as well as editing and contributing book material. Her main area of clinical interest is small animal soft tissue surgery. She lectures frequently on the subject at local, national and international meetings.

Foreword vii

Preface ix

Acknowledgements xi

1 ANATOMY OF THE EAR 1

1.1 External Ear: Pinna and Ear Canal 1

1.2 Middle Ear of the Dog 5

1.3 Middle Ear of the Cat 11

1.4 Inner Ear 15

2 DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES 23

2.1 Ear Pinna 23

2.2 External Ear Canal 32

2.3 Middle Ear 35

3 ADVANCED DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES 37

3.1 Video Otoscopy 37

3.2 Radiography 38

3.3 CT 43

3.4 MRI 44

3.5 Brainstem Auditory Evoked Response 46

3.6 Auditory Tympanometry 49

4 DISEASES OF THE EAR PINNA 51

4.1 Erythematous Diseases 51

4.2 Diseases with Crust and Scale 55

4.3 Papular Diseases 63

4.4 Pustular Diseases 67

4.5 Nodular Diseases 70

4.6 Ulcerative Diseases 72

4.7 Diseases with Alopecia 81

5 CONDITIONS OF THE EAR CANAL 87

5.1 Allergy 87

5.2 Endocrine Disease 87

5.3 Ectoparasites 88

5.4 Keratinization Disorders 90

5.5 Autoimmune Disease 90

5.6 Idiopathic Disease 90

5.7 Foreign Bodies 91

5.8 Neoplastic and Hyperplastic Conditions of Ear Canal 93

5.9 Predisposing Factors in Otitis Externa 97

5.10 Perpetuating Factors 100

6 CONDITIONS OF THE MIDDLE EAR 107

6.1 Aetiology and Pathogenesis of Acute Otitis Media 107

6.2 Chronic Otitis Media 115

6.3 Investigation of Otitis Media 115

7 DISEASES OF THE INNER EAR 125

7.1 Vestibular Apparatus 125

7.2 Cochlea 136

8 SURGERY OF THE EAR 145

8.1 Pinna Lacerations 145

8.2 Pinnectomy 146

8.3 Auricular Haematoma Drainage 146

8.4 Lateral Wall Resection 148

8.5 Vertical Ear Canal Resection 151

8.6 Total Ear Canal Ablation with Lateral Bulla Osteotomy 154

8.7 Subtotal Ear Canal Ablation with Lateral Bulla Osteotomy 157

8.8 End-To-End Anastomosis 158

8.9 Ventral Bulla Osteotomy 160

8.10 Laser Ear Surgery 162

Index 167

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