Australian Republicanism A Reader

Countering the tendency in contemporary scholarship to conflate republicanism with nationalism and independence from Britain, this study examines Australian republicanism in terms of the different ways Australians have imagined themselves as civic beings. A wide range of primary material is used to illuminate the different types of republicanism that have emerged in the political and social dialogues. Contained are documents pertaining to republicanism, citizenship, identity, and government that cover the early colonial years to the present day.

Mark McKenna is a Postdoctoral Fellow in the Political Science Program at the Australian National University, Canberra. Wayne Hudson is Professor of History and Philosophy and Director of the Centre for Advanced Studies in Humanities at Griffith University.

Acknowledgements

xiii

Abbreviatons

xiv

Introduction

1

(12)

Part One 1788--1856 A Deep Undercurrent of Republicanism that will Someday Burst Forth and Astonish the World

Common Sense and the Rights of Man

13

(2)

A T-shirt for Tom Paine

13

(1)

The Rights of Man

14

(1)

The Rights of Freeborn Britons

15

(5)

Wentworth Demands the Liberties of Englishmen

16

(1)

Man of the People

17

(1)

An Independent New South Wales --- a Helpless Joey?

17

(1)

Australia in the colonial world of 1827

17

(2)

Reformers Can Be Loyal to the Parent-Land

19

(1)

The Currency Lad

20

(4)

Cheap and Wise Government

20

(1)

Taxation by Representation

21

(1)

The Threat of Revolution

22

(1)

Not the Work of Emancipists

23

(1)

A Matter of Timing?

24

(7)

Note to the Tree of Liberty (A Song for the Future)

24

(2)

Taxation in the Context of the Republican Tradition

26

(5)

Threatening Revolution

31

(5)

The Queen does not Govern

31

(1)

Colonial Government, Internal and External

32

(1)

The Great Protest Meeting: Circular Quay 1849

33

(3)

A Republic of Thieves?

36

(8)

Britons Protest As Part of the British Tradition

37

(1)

Not Another America

38

(1)

The Anti-Transportation Movement

39

(1)

The Prerogative and the Anti-Transportation Crisis

40

(1)

Looking to America

41

(1)

War and Republicanism

42

(2)

The Bunyip Aristocracy

44

(15)

Freedom and Independence for the Golden Lands of Australia

45

(2)

The Constitution Debates 1853

47

(1)

A Bunyip Aristocracy?

48

(4)

Not Ripe for Independence

52

(1)

Henry Parkes on Republicanism

53

(1)

There is Nothing Majestic in a Republic

54

(1)

The New Constitution (Br Britannicus)

55

(1)

A Glorious Republic

55

(1)

A Deep Undercurrent of Republicanism

56

(1)

Advance Australia

57

(2)

The Republic of Victoria

59

(10)

A Republic in Two Years?

59

(1)

Declaration of Independence

60

(2)

The `Radical Language' of the Colonial Office

62

(1)

Colonial Loyalty

62

(1)

The Republic of Victoria

63

(1)

National Independence The Only Remedy

64

(1)

A Lesson in Political Definitions

65

(4)

PART TWO 1856--1901 A Commonwealth for the British Race, a Commonwealth under the Crown

Keeping the Magic

69

(6)

Walter Bagehot, The English Constitution

70

(1)

Separate, Independent and Self-governing Republics

71

(1)

The Coming Republic

72

(3)

Treading Disloyalty into the Dust

75

(14)

A Demonstration without Parallell in Australia

76

(2)

Henry Parkes Speaking from the Safety of an Upstairs Room

78

(1)

The Voice of the People

79

(6)

Insurrectionary War and the Desolation of a Thousand Households

85

(4)

A Centenary to Celebrate?

89

(13)

If it ain't broke don't fix it!

90

(1)

Australia for the Australians

91

(1)

Lawson on Loyalty

91

(2)

A Song of the Republic

93

(1)

Lawson on Imperial Federation

94

(1)

The Centennial Year

95

(2)

A Neglected History

97

(2)

A Republic Without the Chinese

99

(1)

Royalty and Nobility

100

(2)

Republicanism in Queensland in the 1890s

102

(11)

The Chief Justice of Queensland Votes for Australian Independence

103

(2)

Republicanism and Revolutions

105

(2)

Charters Towers' Republicanism

107

(1)

Manifesto of the Australasian Republican Association

108

(1)

Republicanism and Socialism

109

(2)

Independence Peacefully Achieved

111

(2)

Debating Federation Under the Crown

113

(28)

The Namby-Pamby Republicans in the Macquarie Street Den

114

(1)

Governed by the People

115

(1)

Reasons for Republicanism

116

(1)

Some Tocsin Objections to the Federal Bill and Why You Should Vote Against it

117

(2)

No Representation Without Social Justice

119

(1)

A Letter from Hay

120

(1)

Federation Under the Crown?

121

(2)

National Australasian Convention, Sydney, 1891

123

(3)

Why The Commonwealth of Australia?

126

(2)

Cardinal Moran on the Federal Convention

128

(2)

Colonial Parliaments of the 1890s

130

(6)

New South Wales

130

(2)

Victoria

132

(1)

South Australia

132

(2)

Queensland

134

(2)

Dual Citizenship

136

(5)

PART THREE 1901--2001 Still Captive after all These Years: Imagining the Republic

The 1920 Royal Tour: Labor and the British Connection

141

(12)

Ambassador of Race

142

(2)

Cheering Crowd

144

(2)

Boosting a Bad Breakfast Food

146

(1)

Australian Labor and the British Connection

147

(2)

Letter to the Editor

149

(1)

Labor and Republicanism I

150

(1)

Labor and Republicanism II

151

(2)

Irish Separatism, Loyalty Rallies, and the Burning of the Union Jack

153

(17)

Irish Demonstration

154

(1)

Who is a true citizen of Australia?

155

(3)

The ALP and the Domain Doings

158

(1)

The Real Disloyalty

159

(1)

It's Our Flag

160

(1)

Avenge the Insult to the Flag

161

(2)

A Menace to White Australia

163

(7)

The 1954 Royal Tour

170

(8)

Abolish Empire Day

171

(1)

The `Democratic' Monarchy

172

(3)

The Function of the Crown

175

(1)

2000 Faint in Big Crush

176

(2)

Ending the Affair 1960--1991: Republican Sentiment Increases

178

(12)

British Subject

179

(1)

The Lucky Country --- a Republic?

180

(3)

Changing the Avant-Garde At Buckingham Palace

183

(1)

Kerr and the Consequences

184

(1)

The People and the Constitution

185

(2)

Censored: Franca Arena on the need for a Republic

187

(3)

Recasting Australia: 1991--1996, The Keating Years

190

(33)

Propaganda for the Republic

193

(2)

The Conservative Case for an Australian Republic

195

(2)

A Toast to the Postmodern Republic

197

(1)

Why We Need the Republic

198

(3)

Self respect for Australia

201

(2)

Starting the Process

203

(4)

An Australian Republic

207

(9)

The Way Forward

216

(7)

The 1998 Constitutional Convention

223

(26)

Excerpts from the Proceedings

227

(22)

The 1999 Republic Referendum

249

(24)

An Indigenous Perspective

252

(3)

Yes/No Referendum `99, The case for voting `No'

255

(6)

Yes/No Referendum `99, The case for voting `Yes'

261

(3)

Safe, Workable and Accountable

264

(2)

No to an Elected President

266

(1)

There's No Need to Change a System that's Working Well

267

(4)

Ballot Papers for the Referendum

271

(1)

Results of the Referendum by State

272

(1)

Epilogue

273

(3)

Notes

276

(3)

Select Bibliography

279

(4)

Index

283

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Australian Republicanism A Reader

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials