| Section One BIOLOGY OF THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT AND LIVER |
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Gastrointestinal Hormones and Neurotransmitters |
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3 | (18) |
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3 | (2) |
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Neural Regulation of the Gastrointestinal Tract |
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5 | (1) |
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Peptide Hormones of the Gastrointestinal Tract |
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6 | (3) |
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Other Chemical Messengers of the Gastrointestinal Tract |
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9 | (2) |
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11 | (3) |
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Regulation of Gastrointestinal Growth by Hormones and Transmitters |
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14 | (3) |
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Regulation of Gastrointestinal Hormones by Intraluminal Releasing Factors |
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17 | (4) |
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Mucosal Immunology and Mechanisms of Gastrointestinal Inflammation |
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21 | (32) |
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21 | (13) |
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34 | (19) |
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Cellular Growth and Neoplasia |
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53 | (18) |
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Mechanisms of Normal Cell Homeostasis: Proliferation and Programmed Cell Death (Apoptosis) |
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53 | (1) |
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Regulation of Normal Cell Proliferation: Signaling Pathways That Mediate Cell Growth |
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54 | (2) |
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Mechanisms of Oncogenesis |
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56 | (2) |
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Neoplasia-Associated Genes |
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58 | (5) |
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Biologic Features of Tumor Metastasis |
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63 | (1) |
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Summary of Molecular Mechanisms of Gastrointestinal Cancers |
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64 | (1) |
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Diagnostic Strategies: Current and Future Approaches |
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64 | (7) |
| Section Two APPROACH TO PATIENTS WITH SYMPTOMS AND SIGNS |
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Abdominal Pain, Including the Acute Abdomen |
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71 | (13) |
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71 | (1) |
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72 | (1) |
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Approach to the Patient with Acute Abdominal Pain |
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73 | (7) |
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Approach to the Patient with Chronic Abdominal Pain |
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80 | (4) |
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A Short Treatise on Bowel Sounds |
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82 | (2) |
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Chronic Abdominal Pain (With Emphasis on Functional Abdominal Pain Syndrome) |
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84 | (9) |
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Definition and Classification of Functional Abdominal Pain Syndrome |
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84 | (1) |
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Epidemiology and Impact on Health Care Systems |
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84 | (1) |
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Pathophysiology of Chronic Pain |
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85 | (3) |
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88 | (1) |
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Diagnosis and Differential Diagnosis |
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89 | (1) |
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89 | (4) |
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Dysphagia, Odynophagia, Heartburn, and Other Esophageal Symptoms |
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93 | (9) |
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93 | (2) |
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95 | (1) |
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95 | (2) |
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97 | (1) |
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97 | (2) |
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Respiratory; Ear, Nose, and Throat; and Cardiac Symptoms |
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99 | (3) |
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102 | (17) |
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102 | (1) |
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103 | (1) |
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Causes of Organic Dyspepsia |
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103 | (2) |
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Functional (Nonulcer) Dyspepsia |
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105 | (3) |
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Approach to Uninvestigated Dyspepsia |
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108 | (3) |
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Uncomplicated Dyspepsia: Empirical Therapy versus Early Endoscopy |
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111 | (2) |
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Treatment of Functional Dyspepsia |
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113 | (6) |
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119 | (12) |
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119 | (1) |
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Neural Pathways and Pathophysiology of Vomiting |
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120 | (1) |
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Clinical Approach to Patients with Nausea and Vomiting |
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121 | (2) |
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Specific Syndromes Associated with Vomiting |
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123 | (5) |
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128 | (1) |
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128 | (3) |
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131 | (24) |
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131 | (1) |
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Pathophysiology and Mechanisms of Diarrhea |
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131 | (4) |
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Clinical Classification: Clues to Diagnosis |
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135 | (1) |
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Differential Diagnosis of Diarrhea |
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136 | (2) |
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Evaluation of the Patient with Diarrhea |
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138 | (7) |
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Nonspecific Treatment of Diarrhea |
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145 | (1) |
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Highlights of Selected Diarrheal Syndromes |
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146 | (9) |
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155 | (9) |
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Factors Influencing the Quantity of Bowel Gases |
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155 | (1) |
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Volume and Composition of Bowel Gas |
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155 | (1) |
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155 | (4) |
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159 | (5) |
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164 | (17) |
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164 | (1) |
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Mechanisms of Continence and Fecal Incontinence |
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164 | (2) |
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Differential Diagnosis of Fecal Incontinence |
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166 | (1) |
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Evaluation of Patients with Fecal Incontinence |
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167 | (4) |
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171 | (4) |
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Management of Specific Situations |
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175 | (6) |
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181 | (30) |
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181 | (1) |
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182 | (1) |
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Clinical Definition and Classification |
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183 | (1) |
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184 | (5) |
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Constipation as a Manifestation of Systemic Disorders |
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189 | (1) |
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Constipation as a Manifestation of Central Nervous System Disease or Extrinsic Nerve Supply to the Gut |
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189 | (1) |
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Constipation Secondary to Structural Disorders of the Colon, Rectum, Anus, and Pelvic Floor |
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190 | (2) |
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Drug Treatment That May Cause or Aggravate Constipation |
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192 | (1) |
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Psychological Disorders as Causes of or Aggravating Factors in Constipation |
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193 | (1) |
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193 | (1) |
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194 | (2) |
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196 | (6) |
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Defecation Training, Biofeedback, and Other Behavioral Treatments |
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202 | (1) |
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203 | (1) |
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Particular Clinical Problems |
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204 | (7) |
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Gastrointestinal Bleeding |
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211 | (38) |
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211 | (3) |
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Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding |
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214 | (12) |
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Acute Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding |
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226 | (6) |
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Occult and Obscure Bleeding |
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232 | (17) |
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249 | (16) |
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Determinants of Serum Bilirubin Concentration |
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249 | (1) |
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Differential Diagnosis of Jaundice |
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250 | (6) |
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Diagnostic Approach to the Patient with Jaundice |
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256 | (4) |
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260 | (5) |
| Section Three NUTRITION IN GASTROENTEROLOGY |
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The Malnourished Patient: Nutritional Assessment and Management |
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265 | (22) |
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Basic Nutritional Concepts |
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265 | (6) |
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271 | (1) |
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271 | (6) |
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Refeeding the Malnourished Patient |
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277 | (2) |
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Patients with Severe Malabsorption |
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279 | (8) |
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Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition |
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287 | (23) |
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287 | (8) |
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295 | (5) |
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Clinical Applications of Nutrition Support |
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300 | (10) |
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Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa, and Obesity |
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310 | (29) |
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Importance of Body Weight as a Surrogate for Health |
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310 | (3) |
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Disorders in Energy Balance |
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313 | (1) |
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313 | (5) |
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318 | (3) |
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321 | (18) |
| Section Four TOPICS INVOLVING MULTIPLE ORGANS |
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Oral Disease and Oral-Cutaneous Manifestations of Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease |
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339 | (20) |
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Disorders of the Mouth and Tongue |
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339 | (1) |
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Mucocutaneous Candidiasis |
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340 | (1) |
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Mucocutaneous Features of HIV Infection |
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340 | (2) |
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Mucocutaneous Ulcerative Disease |
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342 | (1) |
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343 | (1) |
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344 | (1) |
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Cutaneous Manifestations of Intestinal Disease Including Inflammatory Bowel Disease |
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345 | (1) |
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Vascular and Connective Tissue Disorders |
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346 | (3) |
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Cutaneous Markers Associated with Gastrointestinal Malignancies |
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349 | (3) |
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Cutaneous Manifestations of Liver Disease |
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352 | (2) |
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Parasitic Diseases of the Gut and Skin |
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354 | (1) |
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Dermatitis Herpetiformis and Celiac Sprue |
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354 | (1) |
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355 | (4) |
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Diverticula of the Hypopharynx, Esophagus, Stomach, Jejunum, and Ileum |
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359 | (10) |
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359 | (2) |
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Diverticula of the Esophageal Body |
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361 | (1) |
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Esophageal Intramural Pseudodiverticula |
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362 | (1) |
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363 | (1) |
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364 | (1) |
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Intramural Duodenal Diverticula |
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365 | (1) |
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366 | (3) |
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Abdominal Hernias and Their Complications, Including Gastric Volvulus |
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369 | (17) |
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369 | (4) |
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373 | (2) |
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Inguinal and Femoral Hernias (Groin Hernias) |
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375 | (2) |
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377 | (2) |
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Pelvic and Perineal Hernias |
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379 | (1) |
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380 | (1) |
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380 | (6) |
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Foreign Bodies and Bezoars |
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386 | (13) |
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386 | (9) |
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395 | (4) |
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Caustic Injury to the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract |
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399 | (9) |
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399 | (5) |
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404 | (4) |
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Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug Injury |
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408 | (23) |
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408 | (1) |
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Mechanisms of Toxicity of Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs |
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408 | (4) |
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Clinical Manifestations of Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug Injury Throughout the Gastrointestinal Tract |
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412 | (12) |
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Therapeutic Effects of Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs |
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424 | (7) |
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Abdominal Abscesses and Gastrointestinal Fistulas |
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431 | (15) |
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431 | (7) |
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Gastrointestinal Fistulas |
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438 | (8) |
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Protein-Losing Gastroenteropathy |
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446 | (7) |
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446 | (1) |
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446 | (1) |
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446 | (1) |
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446 | (2) |
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Diseases Associated with Protein-Losing Gastroenteropathy |
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448 | (1) |
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449 | (2) |
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451 | (2) |
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Gastrointestinal Lymphomas, Including Immunoproliferative Small Intestinal Disease |
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453 | (20) |
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Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma: Background |
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453 | (2) |
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General Principles of Lymphoma Management |
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455 | (1) |
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455 | (6) |
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461 | (6) |
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467 | (1) |
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Immunodeficiency-Related Lymphomas |
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467 | (6) |
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Gastrointestinal Complications of Solid Organ and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation |
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473 | (14) |
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Overview of Complications |
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473 | (4) |
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Complications of Solid Organ Transplantation |
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477 | (4) |
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Complications of Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation |
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481 | (6) |
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Gastrointestinal Consequences of Infection with Human Immunodeficiency Virus |
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487 | (20) |
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Evaluation and Management of Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Symptoms in AIDS |
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488 | (1) |
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488 | (5) |
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Odynophagia and Dysphagia |
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493 | (3) |
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496 | (1) |
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497 | (1) |
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Gastrointestinal Bleeding |
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498 | (1) |
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Hepatomegaly and Jaundice |
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499 | (8) |
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Gastrointestinal Manifestations of Systemic Disease |
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507 | (32) |
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Rheumatologic and Collagen Diseases |
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507 | (66) |
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573 | |
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514 | (3) |
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517 | (4) |
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521 | (1) |
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522 | (4) |
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Pulmonary Diseases/ICU Patients |
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526 | (1) |
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526 | (1) |
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526 | (2) |
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Disorders of Lipid Metabolism |
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528 | (1) |
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529 | (10) |
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Complications of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy |
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539 | (12) |
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540 | (3) |
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Complications of Upper Endoscopy |
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543 | (1) |
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Complications of Sigmoidoscopy and Colonoscopy |
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544 | (7) |
| Section Five ESOPHAGUS |
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Anatomy, Histology, Embryology, and Developmental Anomalies of the Esophagus |
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551 | (10) |
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551 | (3) |
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554 | (1) |
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554 | (7) |
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Esophageal Motor and Sensory Function and Motor Disorders of the Esophagus |
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561 | (38) |
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Motor and Sensory Innervation |
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562 | (3) |
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Coordinated Esophageal Motor Activity |
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565 | (5) |
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Pathogenesis and Categorization of Motor Disorders |
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570 | (1) |
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Diagnosing Motor Disorders |
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571 | (3) |
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Disorders of the UES and Cervical Esophageal Region |
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574 | (3) |
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577 | (7) |
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Other Hypermotility Disorders of the Distal Esophagus and LES (Spastic Disorders) |
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584 | (4) |
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588 | (11) |
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Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and Its Complications, Including Barrett's Metaplasia |
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599 | (24) |
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Definitions and Epidemiology |
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599 | (1) |
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Histopathology of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease |
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600 | (1) |
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601 | (6) |
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Clinical Presentation and Natural History |
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607 | (2) |
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609 | (6) |
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Barrett's Metaplasia, Dysplasia, and Adenocarcinoma |
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615 | (8) |
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Esophageal Disorders Caused by Infection, Systemic Illness, Medications, Radiation, and Trauma |
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623 | (24) |
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623 | (8) |
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631 | (3) |
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Medications and Radiation Injury |
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634 | (3) |
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637 | (10) |
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647 | (28) |
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Malignant Epithelial Tumors |
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647 | (18) |
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Other Malignant Epithelial Tumors |
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665 | (1) |
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Benign Epithelial Tumors of the Esophagus |
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665 | (1) |
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Malignant Nonepithelial Tumors |
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666 | (1) |
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Benign Nonepithelial Tumors |
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666 | (9) |
| Section Six STOMACH AND DUODENUM |
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Anatomy, Histology, Embryology, and Developmental Anomalies of the Stomach and Duodenum |
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675 | (16) |
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675 | (5) |
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680 | (2) |
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Congenital Anomalies of the Stomach and Duodenum |
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682 | (9) |
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Gastric Motor and Sensory Function, and Motor Disorders of the Stomach |
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691 | (24) |
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691 | (10) |
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Clinical Assessment of Gastric Motor Function and Dysfunction |
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701 | (2) |
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703 | (5) |
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708 | (7) |
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715 | (17) |
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715 | (6) |
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Quantitative Aspects of Acid Secretion in Humans |
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721 | (2) |
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Mucus/Bicarbonate Secretion |
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723 | (1) |
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Secretion of Other Electrolytes (K+, Na+, Cl-) |
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|
724 | (1) |
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Pepsinogens and Other Gastric Aspartic Proteases |
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725 | (1) |
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725 | (1) |
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725 | (1) |
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Gastric Secretion in Disease |
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726 | (6) |
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732 | (15) |
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732 | (2) |
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734 | (1) |
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735 | (1) |
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736 | (2) |
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738 | (2) |
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740 | (3) |
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|
743 | (4) |
|
Peptic Ulcer Disease and Its Complications |
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|
747 | (35) |
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|
|
Pathophysiology of Peptic Ulceration |
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|
748 | (6) |
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754 | (2) |
|
Clinical Features of Uncomplicated Peptic Ulcer Disease |
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|
756 | (1) |
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757 | (1) |
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Treatments for Peptic Ulcer Disease |
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|
758 | (10) |
|
Specific Management Recommendations |
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|
768 | (1) |
|
Complications of Peptic Ulcer Disease |
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|
769 | (2) |
|
Physiologic Stress and Peptic Injury |
|
|
771 | (1) |
|
Cameron Ulcers (Linear Gastric Erosions in Hiatal Hernias) |
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|
772 | (10) |
|
Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome and Other Hypersecretory States |
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|
782 | (15) |
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|
Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome |
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|
782 | (10) |
|
Other Gastric Hypersecretory States |
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|
792 | (5) |
|
Current Role of Surgery in Peptic Ulcer Disease |
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|
797 | (13) |
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|
Historical Basis for the Surgical Treatment of Peptic Disease |
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|
797 | (1) |
|
Physiologic Basis for Peptic Ulcer Surgery |
|
|
798 | (1) |
|
Operations for Duodenal Ulcers |
|
|
798 | (4) |
|
Roux-en-Y Gastrojejunostomy |
|
|
802 | (1) |
|
Operations for Benign Gastric Ulcers |
|
|
802 | (1) |
|
Early Postoperative Complications |
|
|
803 | (1) |
|
Late Postoperative Complications |
|
|
804 | (1) |
|
Disorders Associated with Delayed Gastric Emptying/Gastric Stasis |
|
|
804 | (1) |
|
Bile (Alkaline) Reflux Gastritis |
|
|
805 | (1) |
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|
|
805 | (1) |
|
Syndromes Associated with Rapid Gastric Emptying |
|
|
806 | (1) |
|
Current Controversies on the Role of Surgery in Peptic Ulcer Disease |
|
|
806 | (4) |
|
Gastritis and Other Gastropathies |
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|
810 | (19) |
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|
810 | (1) |
|
Chronic, Nonspecific Gastritides |
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|
810 | (3) |
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|
813 | (3) |
|
Granulomatous Gastritides |
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|
816 | (1) |
|
Distinctive Forms of Gastritis |
|
|
817 | (1) |
|
Miscellaneous Forms of Gastritis |
|
|
817 | (2) |
|
Reactive Gastropathies (Acute Erosive Gastritis) |
|
|
819 | (2) |
|
Hyperplastic Gastropathies |
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|
821 | (8) |
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829 | (30) |
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829 | (16) |
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845 | (1) |
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846 | (1) |
|
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors |
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|
847 | (1) |
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|
|
848 | (11) |
| Section Seven PANCREAS |
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|
Anatomy, Histology, Embryology, and Developmental Anomalies of the Pancreas |
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|
859 | (12) |
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|
859 | (1) |
|
|
|
859 | (3) |
|
Normal Histology and Ultrastructure |
|
|
862 | (4) |
|
|
|
866 | (1) |
|
|
|
867 | (4) |
|
Pancreatic Physiology and Secretory Testing |
|
|
871 | (10) |
|
|
|
|
|
871 | (1) |
|
Composition of Exocrine Pancreatic Secretions |
|
|
871 | (2) |
|
Functions of the Major Digestive Enzymes |
|
|
873 | (1) |
|
Digestive Enzyme Synthesis and Transport |
|
|
873 | (1) |
|
Cellular Regulation of Enzyme Secretion |
|
|
874 | (1) |
|
|
|
875 | (2) |
|
Pancreatic Secretory Function Tests |
|
|
877 | (4) |
|
Hereditary and Childhood Disorders of the Pancreas, Including Cystic Fibrosis |
|
|
881 | (32) |
|
|
|
Genetic Basis of Congenital Disorders of Morphogenesis |
|
|
881 | (3) |
|
|
|
884 | (1) |
|
Inherited Syndromes with Major Pancreatic Manifestations |
|
|
884 | (14) |
|
Gene Mutations Predisposing to Acute and Chronic Pancreatitis |
|
|
898 | (4) |
|
Inherited Disorders of Metabolism Causing Pancreatitis |
|
|
902 | (1) |
|
Pancreatic Insufficiency Syndromes |
|
|
903 | (1) |
|
Acquired Pancreatic Disease in Children |
|
|
904 | (9) |
|
|
|
913 | (30) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
913 | (1) |
|
|
|
914 | (1) |
|
|
|
914 | (3) |
|
|
|
917 | (1) |
|
|
|
917 | (5) |
|
|
|
922 | (1) |
|
|
|
923 | (2) |
|
|
|
925 | (2) |
|
Differential Diagnosis of Acute Pancreatitis |
|
|
927 | (1) |
|
Distinguishing Alcoholic From Gallstone Pancreatitis |
|
|
927 | (1) |
|
Predictors of Severity of Pancreatitis |
|
|
928 | (2) |
|
|
|
930 | (5) |
|
|
|
935 | (1) |
|
|
|
936 | (7) |
|
|
|
943 | (27) |
|
|
|
|
|
943 | (1) |
|
Epidemiology and Natural History (Prognosis) |
|
|
943 | (1) |
|
|
|
944 | (1) |
|
|
|
944 | (1) |
|
|
|
945 | (2) |
|
|
|
947 | (2) |
|
|
|
949 | (6) |
|
|
|
955 | (7) |
|
|
|
962 | (8) |
|
Pancreatic Cancer, Cystic Pancreatic Neoplasms, and Other Nonendocrine Pancreatic Tumors |
|
|
970 | (18) |
|
Carlos Fernandez-del Castillo |
|
|
|
|
|
|
970 | (9) |
|
Cystic Tumors of the Pancreas |
|
|
979 | (4) |
|
Other Nonendocrine Pancreatic Tumors |
|
|
983 | (5) |
|
Pancreatic Endocrine Tumors |
|
|
988 | (31) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
988 | (2) |
|
Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia |
|
|
990 | (1) |
|
Other Inherited Syndromes Associated with Pancreatic Endocrine Tumors |
|
|
991 | (1) |
|
|
|
991 | (3) |
|
|
|
994 | (3) |
|
|
|
997 | (3) |
|
|
|
1000 | (2) |
|
|
|
1002 | (1) |
|
PPoma and Nonfunctioning Pancreatic Endocrine Tumors |
|
|
1003 | (1) |
|
Other Pancreatic Endocrine Tumors |
|
|
1004 | (1) |
|
|
|
1005 | (2) |
|
Management of Metastatic Pancreatic Endocrine Tumors |
|
|
1007 | (12) |
| Section Eight BILIARY TRACT |
|
|
Anatomy, Histology, Embryology, Developmental Anomalies, and Pediatric Disorders of the Biliary Tract |
|
|
1019 | (24) |
|
|
|
Development of the Liver and Biliary Tract |
|
|
1019 | (2) |
|
Anatomy of the Biliary Tract and Gallbladder |
|
|
1021 | (3) |
|
Congenital Anomalies of the Extrahepatic Ducts |
|
|
1024 | (1) |
|
Congenital Anomalies of the Gallbladder |
|
|
1024 | (1) |
|
Disorders of the Biliary Tract in Children |
|
|
1024 | (2) |
|
Diseases of the Bile Ducts |
|
|
1026 | (10) |
|
Diseases of the Gallbladder |
|
|
1036 | (7) |
|
Motility and Dysmotility of the Biliary Tract and Sphincter of Oddi |
|
|
1043 | (8) |
|
|
|
|
|
1043 | (1) |
|
|
|
1043 | (1) |
|
Sphincter of Oddi Dysfunction |
|
|
1044 | (4) |
|
Sphincter of Oddi Dysfunction in Pancreatitis |
|
|
1048 | (1) |
|
Failure to Respond to Biliary Sphincterotomy in Sphincter of Oddi Dysfunction |
|
|
1048 | (3) |
|
Bile Secretion and the Enterohepatic Circulation of Bile Acids |
|
|
1051 | (14) |
|
|
|
Bile Acid Synthesis and Secondary Metabolism |
|
|
1052 | (2) |
|
The Enterohepatic Circulation |
|
|
1054 | (2) |
|
Hepatic Bile Acid Transport and Bile Secretion |
|
|
1056 | (2) |
|
Intestinal Bile Acid Transport |
|
|
1058 | (1) |
|
Disorders of the Enterohepatic Circulation |
|
|
1059 | (3) |
|
Bile Acid Therapy, Sequestrants, Transport Inhibitors |
|
|
1062 | (3) |
|
Gallstone Disease and Its Complications |
|
|
1065 | (26) |
|
|
|
|
|
Epidemiology, Risk Factors, Pathogenesis, and Natural History of Gallstones |
|
|
1065 | (8) |
|
Clinical Manifestations of Gallstone Disease |
|
|
1073 | (18) |
|
Surgical Management of Gallstone Disease and Postoperative Complications |
|
|
1091 | (16) |
|
|
|
|
|
Surgery for Cholelithiasis |
|
|
1087 | (4) |
|
Indications for Cholecystectomy |
|
|
1091 | (4) |
|
Surgery for Choledocholithiasis |
|
|
1095 | (1) |
|
|
|
1096 | (1) |
|
Postcholecystectomy Syndrome |
|
|
1097 | (1) |
|
Gallstones, Cholecystectomy, and Cancer |
|
|
1098 | (9) |
|
Nonsurgical Management of Gallstone Disease |
|
|
1107 | (9) |
|
|
|
|
|
1107 | (1) |
|
Oral Bile Acid Dissolution Therapy |
|
|
1108 | (2) |
|
Extracorporeal Shock-Wave Lithotripsy |
|
|
1110 | (3) |
|
Extracorporeal Shock-Wave Lithotripsy of Bile Duct Stones |
|
|
1113 | (1) |
|
|
|
1113 | (1) |
|
|
|
1114 | (2) |
|
Acalculous Cholecystitis, Cholesterolosis, Adenomyomatosis, and Polyps of the Gallbladder |
|
|
1116 | (15) |
|
|
|
|
|
1116 | (2) |
|
Acute Acalculous Cholecystitis |
|
|
1118 | (3) |
|
Cholesterolosis of the Gallbladder |
|
|
1121 | (2) |
|
Adenomyomatosis of the Gallbladder |
|
|
1123 | (2) |
|
Polyps of the Gallbladder |
|
|
1125 | (6) |
|
Sclerosing Cholangitis and Recurrent Pyogenic Cholangitis |
|
|
1131 | (22) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1131 | (2) |
|
Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis |
|
|
1133 | (11) |
|
Recurrent Pyogenic Cholangitis |
|
|
1144 | (9) |
|
Tumors of the Gallbladder, Bile Ducts, and Ampulla |
|
|
1153 | (14) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1153 | (5) |
|
Tumors of the Extrahepatic Biliary Tree |
|
|
1158 | (3) |
|
Tumors of the Ampulla of Vater |
|
|
1161 | (6) |
|
Endoscopic and Radiologic Treatment of Biliary Disease |
|
|
1167 | (28) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1167 | (1) |
|
|
|
1168 | (11) |
|
Treatment of Specific Diseases |
|
|
1179 | (16) |
| Section Nine LIVER |
|
|
Anatomy, Histology, Embryology, and Developmental Anomalies of the Liver |
|
|
1195 | (7) |
|
|
|
|
|
1195 | (1) |
|
|
|
1195 | (2) |
|
Variations in Surface Anatomy |
|
|
1197 | (1) |
|
Large Vessels of the Liver |
|
|
1197 | (1) |
|
|
|
1198 | (1) |
|
|
|
1198 | (1) |
|
|
|
1198 | (1) |
|
|
|
1199 | (3) |
|
Liver Physiology and Metabolic Function |
|
|
1202 | (25) |
|
|
|
|
|
1202 | (1) |
|
|
|
1203 | (1) |
|
Introduction to Liver Metabolism |
|
|
1204 | (1) |
|
|
|
1204 | (4) |
|
Synthesis and Metabolism of Fatty Acids |
|
|
1208 | (2) |
|
|
|
1210 | (5) |
|
Liver Disease and Lipid Abnormalities |
|
|
1215 | (1) |
|
Serum Proteins Synthesized by the Liver |
|
|
1216 | (3) |
|
|
|
1219 | (3) |
|
|
|
1222 | (1) |
|
|
|
1223 | (4) |
|
|
|
1227 | (13) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1227 | (4) |
|
Characteristic Biochemical Patterns: Interpretation and Approach |
|
|
1231 | (3) |
|
Frequently Encountered Clinical Problems |
|
|
1234 | (3) |
|
Quantitative Tests of Liver Function |
|
|
1237 | (3) |
|
Inherited Metabolic Disorders of the Liver |
|
|
1240 | (21) |
|
|
|
|
|
α1-Antitrypsin Deficiency |
|
|
1240 | (3) |
|
|
|
1243 | (2) |
|
Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation |
|
|
1245 | (1) |
|
|
|
1246 | (3) |
|
|
|
1249 | (2) |
|
|
|
1251 | (2) |
|
Bile Acid Synthesis and Transport Defects |
|
|
1253 | (3) |
|
|
|
1256 | (1) |
|
Mitochondrial Liver Diseases |
|
|
1256 | (5) |
|
Hereditary Hemochromatosis |
|
|
1261 | (8) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1261 | (1) |
|
|
|
1262 | (2) |
|
|
|
1264 | (1) |
|
|
|
1264 | (2) |
|
|
|
1266 | (1) |
|
|
|
1267 | (2) |
|
|
|
1269 | (9) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1269 | (1) |
|
The Basic Molecular Defect |
|
|
1269 | (1) |
|
|
|
1270 | (2) |
|
|
|
1272 | (1) |
|
|
|
1272 | (3) |
|
|
|
1275 | (1) |
|
|
|
1276 | (2) |
|
|
|
1278 | (65) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1278 | (7) |
|
|
|
1285 | (18) |
|
|
|
1303 | (20) |
|
|
|
1323 | (5) |
|
|
|
1328 | (4) |
|
Hepatitis G Virus and the GB Agents |
|
|
1332 | (1) |
|
|
|
1333 | (1) |
|
Sanban, Tonban, TLMV, and SEN Viruses |
|
|
1334 | (9) |
|
Liver Abscess and Bacterial, Parasitic, Fungal, and Granulomatous Liver Disease |
|
|
1343 | (21) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1343 | (3) |
|
Bacterial and Spirochetal Infections of the Liver |
|
|
1346 | (5) |
|
Parasitic Diseases That Involve the Liver |
|
|
1351 | (8) |
|
|
|
1359 | (1) |
|
Granulomatous Liver Disease |
|
|
1360 | (1) |
|
Bacillary Angiomatosis and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome |
|
|
1361 | (3) |
|
Vascular Diseases of the Liver |
|
|
1364 | (11) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1364 | (3) |
|
|
|
1367 | (1) |
|
|
|
1368 | (2) |
|
|
|
1370 | (1) |
|
|
|
1370 | (1) |
|
|
|
1371 | (1) |
|
|
|
1372 | (1) |
|
|
|
1372 | (1) |
|
|
|
1372 | (1) |
|
|
|
1373 | (2) |
|
|
|
1375 | (18) |
|
|
|
|
|
1375 | (1) |
|
|
|
1375 | (2) |
|
Pathogenesis of Alcoholic Liver Injury |
|
|
1377 | (2) |
|
Cofactors in the Development of Alcoholic Liver Disease |
|
|
1379 | (1) |
|
|
|
1380 | (3) |
|
|
|
1383 | (1) |
|
|
|
1384 | (3) |
|
|
|
1387 | (6) |
|
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease |
|
|
1393 | (10) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1393 | (1) |
|
|
|
1393 | (2) |
|
|
|
1395 | (2) |
|
|
|
1397 | (1) |
|
|
|
1397 | (1) |
|
Treatment: Current and Future |
|
|
1398 | (2) |
|
|
|
1400 | (3) |
|
Liver Disease Caused by Drugs, Anesthetics, and Toxins |
|
|
1403 | (45) |
|
|
|
Definitions and General Importance of Drugs and Toxins as Causes of Liver Disease |
|
|
1403 | (1) |
|
|
|
1404 | (2) |
|
|
|
1406 | (4) |
|
Clinicopathologic Features of Drug-Induced Liver Disease |
|
|
1410 | (3) |
|
Prevention and Management |
|
|
1413 | (1) |
|
Dose-Dependent Hepatotoxicity |
|
|
1414 | (5) |
|
Drug-Induced Acute Hepatitis |
|
|
1419 | (4) |
|
Drug-Induced Granulomatous Hepatitis |
|
|
1423 | (1) |
|
Drug-Induced Chronic Hepatitis |
|
|
1423 | (2) |
|
|
|
1425 | (2) |
|
|
|
1427 | (1) |
|
Liver Disease Caused by Anesthetic Agents and Jaundice in the Postoperative Period |
|
|
1428 | (2) |
|
Drug-Induced Steatohepatitis, Hepatic Fibrosis, and Cirrhosis |
|
|
1430 | (3) |
|
|
|
1433 | (2) |
|
|
|
1435 | (2) |
|
Complementary and Alternative Medicines and Environmental Agents |
|
|
1437 | (11) |
|
Pregnancy-Related Hepatic and Gastrointestinal Disorders |
|
|
1448 | (14) |
|
|
|
|
|
Liver Problems Unique to Pregnancy |
|
|
1448 | (6) |
|
Liver Disorders Complicating Pregnancy |
|
|
1454 | (1) |
|
Gastrointestinal Disorders Complicating Pregnancy |
|
|
1454 | (8) |
|
|
|
1462 | (12) |
|
|
|
|
|
1462 | (1) |
|
|
|
1462 | (2) |
|
|
|
1464 | (2) |
|
|
|
1466 | (1) |
|
|
|
1467 | (1) |
|
|
|
1467 | (1) |
|
|
|
1468 | (1) |
|
|
|
1469 | (1) |
|
|
|
1470 | (1) |
|
|
|
1471 | (3) |
|
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis |
|
|
1474 | (13) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1474 | (1) |
|
|
|
1475 | (1) |
|
|
|
1476 | (1) |
|
|
|
1476 | (2) |
|
|
|
1478 | (1) |
|
|
|
1479 | (1) |
|
Complications of Chronic Cholestasis and Their Management |
|
|
1480 | (2) |
|
|
|
1482 | (1) |
|
Autoimmune Cholangitis or Anti-Mitochondrial Antibody-Negative Primary Biliary Cirrhosis |
|
|
1483 | (4) |
|
Portal Hypertension and Variceal Bleeding |
|
|
1487 | (30) |
|
|
|
|
|
Etiology and Pathophysiology of Portal Hypertension |
|
|
1487 | (7) |
|
Anatomic Sites of Collateral Formation and Bleeding |
|
|
1494 | (1) |
|
Natural History and Prognosis of Variceal Hemorrhage |
|
|
1495 | (2) |
|
|
|
1497 | (1) |
|
|
|
1498 | (19) |
|
Ascites and Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis |
|
|
1517 | (26) |
|
|
|
Pathogenesis of Ascites Formation |
|
|
1517 | (1) |
|
Clinical Features of Ascites |
|
|
1518 | (1) |
|
|
|
1519 | (8) |
|
|
|
1527 | (1) |
|
|
|
1528 | (7) |
|
|
|
1535 | (4) |
|
Summary of Treatment of Patients with Cirrhosis and Ascites |
|
|
1539 | (1) |
|
|
|
1540 | (3) |
|
Hepatic Encephalopathy, Hepatopulmonary Syndromes, Hepatorenal Syndrome, Coagulopathy, and Endocrine Complications of Liver Disease |
|
|
1543 | (24) |
|
|
|
|
|
1543 | (7) |
|
Hepatopulmonary Syndromes |
|
|
1550 | (4) |
|
|
|
1554 | (4) |
|
|
|
1558 | (2) |
|
|
|
1560 | (7) |
|
|
|
1567 | (10) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1567 | (1) |
|
|
|
1567 | (2) |
|
|
|
1569 | (1) |
|
|
|
1570 | (1) |
|
|
|
1571 | (1) |
|
|
|
1571 | (6) |
|
|
|
1577 | (26) |
|
|
|
|
|
1577 | (17) |
|
|
|
1594 | (1) |
|
|
|
1595 | (3) |
|
Approach to the Patient with Hepatic Mass Lesions |
|
|
1598 | (5) |
|
Hepatic Manifestations of Systemic Disease and Other Disorders of the Liver |
|
|
1603 | (17) |
|
|
|
|
|
1603 | (2) |
|
|
|
1605 | (2) |
|
|
|
1607 | (3) |
|
Sickle Cell Disease Involving the Liver |
|
|
1610 | (2) |
|
Hepatic Dysfunction During Systemic Infection |
|
|
1612 | (2) |
|
Postoperative Cholestasis |
|
|
1614 | (1) |
|
Liver Abnormalities in Rheumatoid Arthritis |
|
|
1614 | (1) |
|
Nodular Disorders of the Liver |
|
|
1615 | (5) |
|
|
|
1620 | (23) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1620 | (2) |
|
Listing Criteria and Policies of the United Network for Organ Sharing |
|
|
1622 | (1) |
|
Absolute and Relative Contraindications |
|
|
1622 | (2) |
|
Transplant Evaluation and Listing |
|
|
1624 | (1) |
|
Disease-Specific Indications |
|
|
1625 | (5) |
|
Surgical Aspects of Liver Transplantation |
|
|
1630 | (2) |
|
|
|
1632 | (1) |
|
|
|
1633 | (2) |
|
|
|
1635 | (8) |
| Section Ten SMALL AND LARGE INTESTINE |
|
|
Anatomy, Histology, Embryology, and Developmental Anomalies of the Small and Large Intestine |
|
|
1643 | (22) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1643 | (2) |
|
|
|
1645 | (3) |
|
Embryology of the Intestine and Pathogenesis of Bowel Malformations |
|
|
1648 | (5) |
|
Clinical Presentations of Anomalies of the Gastrointestinal Tract |
|
|
1653 | (1) |
|
|
|
1654 | (1) |
|
Developmental Anomalies of the Intestine |
|
|
1654 | (11) |
|
Small Intestinal Motor Physiology |
|
|
1665 | (14) |
|
|
|
|
|
Major Concepts in the Evaluation of Small Intestinal Motility: Insights and Limitations of Measurements |
|
|
1666 | (2) |
|
Structural Elements That Determine Small Intestinal Motility |
|
|
1668 | (4) |
|
Control of Motor Activity |
|
|
1672 | (1) |
|
Clinical Measurement of Small Intestinal Motility |
|
|
1673 | (1) |
|
Normal Small Intestinal Motor Function in Humans |
|
|
1674 | (2) |
|
Clinical Consequences of Disordered Small Intestinal Motor Function |
|
|
1676 | (1) |
|
Approach to Patients with Possibly Disordered Small Intestinal Motor Function |
|
|
1677 | (1) |
|
|
|
1677 | (2) |
|
Motility of the Large Intestine |
|
|
1679 | (14) |
|
|
|
|
|
Studying Colonic Motility |
|
|
1679 | (1) |
|
Anatomy, Innervation, and Basic Control Mechanisms |
|
|
1680 | (4) |
|
Relationships Among Cellular Events, Pressure, and Flow |
|
|
1684 | (1) |
|
Regulation of Colonic Filling, Transport, and Defecation |
|
|
1684 | (3) |
|
|
|
1687 | (2) |
|
Modulators of Colonic Motility |
|
|
1689 | (1) |
|
Disorders of Colonic Motility |
|
|
1690 | (3) |
|
Intestinal Electrolyte Absorption and Secretion |
|
|
1693 | (22) |
|
|
|
Overview of Intestinal Electrolyte Traffic |
|
|
1693 | (5) |
|
|
|
1698 | (3) |
|
Paracrine Immunoneuroendocrine Systems |
|
|
1701 | (1) |
|
|
|
1701 | (5) |
|
|
|
1706 | (1) |
|
|
|
1707 | (2) |
|
Additional Regulatory Mechanisms |
|
|
1709 | (1) |
|
Fluid and Electrolyte Transport in Context |
|
|
1710 | (5) |
|
Digestion and Absorption of Nutrients and Vitamins |
|
|
1715 | (36) |
|
|
|
Digestion and Absorption of Nutrients |
|
|
1715 | (2) |
|
Digestion and Absorption of Fat |
|
|
1717 | (6) |
|
|
|
1723 | (5) |
|
|
|
1728 | (5) |
|
|
|
1733 | (3) |
|
Minerals and Trace Elements |
|
|
1736 | (4) |
|
Adaptation to Changes in Need or Load |
|
|
1740 | (3) |
|
|
|
1743 | (8) |
|
Maldigestion and Malabsorption |
|
|
1751 | (32) |
|
|
|
|
|
Etiology and Pathophysiology of Malabsorption Syndromes |
|
|
1751 | (6) |
|
Clinical Presentation and Evaluation of Malabsorption and Maldigestion |
|
|
1757 | (2) |
|
|
|
1759 | (4) |
|
Noninvasive Evaluation of Gastrointestinal Absorptive and Digestive Function |
|
|
1763 | (5) |
|
Malabsorption in Specific Disease States |
|
|
1768 | (9) |
|
General Approach to the Management of Malabsorption |
|
|
1777 | (6) |
|
Enteric Bacterial Flora and Small Bowel Bacterial Overgrowth Syndrome |
|
|
1783 | (11) |
|
|
|
|
|
Indigenous Microbial Flora of the Alimentary Tract |
|
|
1783 | (3) |
|
Mechanisms of Malabsorption and Diarrhea in Small Bowel Bacterial Overgrowth Syndrome |
|
|
1786 | (8) |
|
|
|
1794 | (13) |
|
|
|
Definition and Clinical Features |
|
|
1794 | (1) |
|
|
|
1794 | (2) |
|
|
|
1796 | (3) |
|
The Impact of Life Events |
|
|
1799 | (2) |
|
The Meaning of IBS Symptoms |
|
|
1801 | (1) |
|
|
|
1801 | (1) |
|
|
|
1802 | (1) |
|
|
|
1803 | (4) |
|
|
|
1807 | (10) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1807 | (1) |
|
|
|
1807 | (1) |
|
|
|
1807 | (3) |
|
Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis |
|
|
1810 | (1) |
|
|
|
1811 | (2) |
|
|
|
1813 | (1) |
|
Intestinal Transplantation |
|
|
1814 | (1) |
|
Newer Treatments (Growth Factors) |
|
|
1814 | (1) |
|
|
|
1814 | (3) |
|
Celiac Sprue and Refractory Sprue |
|
|
1817 | (25) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1817 | (1) |
|
|
|
1817 | (1) |
|
|
|
1818 | (1) |
|
|
|
1819 | (1) |
|
|
|
1820 | (3) |
|
|
|
1823 | (3) |
|
|
|
1826 | (4) |
|
|
|
1830 | (1) |
|
Diseases Associated with Celiac Sprue |
|
|
1830 | (2) |
|
|
|
1832 | (2) |
|
|
|
1834 | (1) |
|
|
|
1835 | (2) |
|
|
|
1837 | (5) |
|
Tropical Malabsorption and Tropical Diarrhea |
|
|
1842 | (12) |
|
|
|
Specific Causes of Tropical Malabsorption |
|
|
1842 | (2) |
|
Nonspecific Tropical Malabsorption |
|
|
1844 | (1) |
|
|
|
1844 | (2) |
|
|
|
1846 | (8) |
|
|
|
1854 | (10) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1854 | (1) |
|
|
|
1854 | (1) |
|
Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathogenesis |
|
|
1855 | (1) |
|
|
|
1856 | (1) |
|
|
|
1857 | (3) |
|
|
|
1860 | (1) |
|
|
|
1860 | (1) |
|
|
|
1860 | (1) |
|
|
|
1861 | (3) |
|
Infectious Diarrhea and Bacterial Food Poisoning |
|
|
1864 | (50) |
|
|
|
|
|
Changes in Normal Flora Caused by Diarrhea |
|
|
1864 | (1) |
|
Classifications of Bacterial Diarrhea |
|
|
1865 | (1) |
|
|
|
1865 | (9) |
|
|
|
1874 | (14) |
|
|
|
1888 | (3) |
|
|
|
1891 | (3) |
|
|
|
1894 | (1) |
|
Diagnosis of Infectious Diarrheal Disease |
|
|
1895 | (2) |
|
Treatment of Infectious Diarrhea |
|
|
1897 | (2) |
|
Tuberculosis of the Gastrointestinal Tract |
|
|
1899 | (2) |
|
|
|
1901 | (13) |
|
Pseudomembranous Enterocolitis and Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea |
|
|
1914 | (19) |
|
|
|
|
|
1914 | (1) |
|
|
|
1915 | (2) |
|
Underlying and Associated Conditions |
|
|
1917 | (1) |
|
|
|
1917 | (2) |
|
|
|
1919 | (2) |
|
|
|
1921 | (3) |
|
|
|
1924 | (3) |
|
|
|
1927 | (6) |
|
|
|
1933 | (18) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1933 | (5) |
|
|
|
1938 | (1) |
|
|
|
1939 | (3) |
|
|
|
1942 | (1) |
|
|
|
1942 | (1) |
|
|
|
1943 | (1) |
|
|
|
1944 | (1) |
|
|
|
1945 | (1) |
|
|
|
1945 | (1) |
|
Trypanosoma cruzi (American Trypanosomiasis or Chagas' Disease) |
|
|
1946 | (5) |
|
Intestinal Infections by Parasitic Worms |
|
|
1951 | (21) |
|
|
|
|
|
1951 | (4) |
|
|
|
1955 | (6) |
|
|
|
1961 | (3) |
|
|
|
1964 | (8) |
|
Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis |
|
|
1972 | (11) |
|
|
|
|
|
1972 | (1) |
|
|
|
1972 | (2) |
|
Classification and Clinical Features |
|
|
1974 | (1) |
|
|
|
1975 | (2) |
|
|
|
1977 | (1) |
|
|
|
1978 | (2) |
|
|
|
1980 | (3) |
|
|
|
1983 | (11) |
|
|
|
|
|
1983 | (1) |
|
|
|
1983 | (1) |
|
Prevalence of Food Allergy |
|
|
1983 | (1) |
|
Pathogenesis of Food Allergy |
|
|
1983 | (3) |
|
Clinical Manifestations of GI Food Allergy |
|
|
1986 | (5) |
|
Diagnosing Adverse Food Reactions |
|
|
1991 | (1) |
|
Therapy and Natural History of Food-Allergic Disorders |
|
|
1991 | (3) |
|
|
|
1994 | (11) |
|
|
|
|
|
Physics of Megavoltage Irradiation |
|
|
1994 | (1) |
|
Biologic Effects of Radiation |
|
|
1994 | (1) |
|
|
|
1995 | (1) |
|
Radiosensitivity of the Cell Through Cell Cycle |
|
|
1995 | (1) |
|
Mechanism of Regeneration of the Intestinal Epithelium |
|
|
1995 | (1) |
|
Molecular Biology of Radiation Damage to the Intestinal or Colonic Mucosa |
|
|
1996 | (1) |
|
|
|
1996 | (1) |
|
|
|
1997 | (1) |
|
Clinical Symptoms and Signs |
|
|
1997 | (2) |
|
|
|
1999 | (1) |
|
|
|
2000 | (1) |
|
|
|
2001 | (4) |
|
|
|
2005 | (34) |
|
|
|
|
|
2005 | (1) |
|
|
|
2005 | (1) |
|
Etiology and Pathogenesis |
|
|
2006 | (4) |
|
|
|
2010 | (1) |
|
|
|
2011 | (6) |
|
|
|
2017 | (1) |
|
Establishing the Diagnosis and Evaluation of Disease |
|
|
2017 | (5) |
|
|
|
2022 | (9) |
|
Crohn's Disease in the Life Cycle |
|
|
2031 | (1) |
|
|
|
2032 | (7) |
|
|
|
2039 | (29) |
|
|
|
|
|
2039 | (1) |
|
|
|
2040 | (1) |
|
|
|
2040 | (1) |
|
|
|
2041 | (1) |
|
|
|
2042 | (2) |
|
|
|
2044 | (1) |
|
|
|
2044 | (2) |
|
|
|
2046 | (1) |
|
Assessment of Disease Severity |
|
|
2047 | (1) |
|
|
|
2048 | (4) |
|
|
|
2052 | (2) |
|
Extraintestinal Manifestations |
|
|
2054 | (1) |
|
|
|
2055 | (4) |
|
|
|
2059 | (2) |
|
|
|
2061 | (2) |
|
Indications for Surgery and Choice of Operation |
|
|
2063 | (1) |
|
|
|
2063 | (1) |
|
Ulcerative Colitis in Pregnancy |
|
|
2064 | (1) |
|
Ulcerative Colitis in Childhood |
|
|
2064 | (4) |
|
Ileostomy and Its Alternatives |
|
|
2068 | (13) |
|
|
|
|
|
Pathophysiologic Consequences of Proctocolectomy |
|
|
2069 | (1) |
|
Overall Clinical Consequences of Proctocolectomy |
|
|
2069 | (1) |
|
Complications and Management of Conventional Ileostomies |
|
|
2070 | (1) |
|
Continent Ileostomy (Kock Pouch) |
|
|
2070 | (1) |
|
Ileal Pouch-Anal Anastomosis |
|
|
2071 | (4) |
|
Abdominal Colectomy and Ileorectal Anastomosis |
|
|
2075 | (1) |
|
Colostomy in the Management of Inflammatory Bowel Disease |
|
|
2076 | (1) |
|
Summary of Risk-Benefit Analysis |
|
|
2076 | (5) |
|
Isolated and Diffuse Ulcers of the Small Intestine |
|
|
2081 | (8) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2081 | (3) |
|
|
|
2084 | (5) |
|
|
|
2089 | (11) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2089 | (1) |
|
|
|
2089 | (1) |
|
|
|
2089 | (1) |
|
|
|
2090 | (1) |
|
|
|
2090 | (1) |
|
|
|
2091 | (3) |
|
|
|
2094 | (1) |
|
|
|
2095 | (1) |
|
|
|
2096 | (1) |
|
|
|
2097 | (1) |
|
|
|
2097 | (3) |
|
Diverticular Disease of the Colon |
|
|
2100 | (13) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2102 | (2) |
|
|
|
2104 | (2) |
|
|
|
2106 | (7) |
|
Intestinal Obstruction and Ileus |
|
|
2113 | (16) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2113 | (1) |
|
Small Intestinal Obstruction |
|
|
2113 | (2) |
|
|
|
2115 | (1) |
|
|
|
2116 | (1) |
|
|
|
2117 | (1) |
|
|
|
2117 | (2) |
|
|
|
2119 | (2) |
|
|
|
2121 | (4) |
|
|
|
2125 | (4) |
|
Megacolon: Congenital and Acquired |
|
|
2129 | (11) |
|
|
|
|
|
Classification of Megacolon |
|
|
2129 | (1) |
|
Pathophysiology of Colonic Dilatation |
|
|
2129 | (2) |
|
Hirschsprung's Disease: Congenital Megacolon |
|
|
2131 | (4) |
|
Variants of Congenital Megacolon |
|
|
2135 | (1) |
|
Acquired Megacolon and Megarectum |
|
|
2135 | (2) |
|
|
|
2137 | (3) |
|
Chronic Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction |
|
|
2140 | (11) |
|
|
|
|
|
2140 | (2) |
|
|
|
2142 | (1) |
|
|
|
2142 | (1) |
|
|
|
2143 | (1) |
|
|
|
2144 | (1) |
|
Examples of Specific Syndromes |
|
|
2145 | (1) |
|
|
|
2146 | (2) |
|
|
|
2148 | (1) |
|
|
|
2149 | (2) |
|
Gastrointestinal Carcinoid Tumors and the Carcinoid Syndrome |
|
|
2151 | (18) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2152 | (1) |
|
|
|
2152 | (1) |
|
|
|
2152 | (4) |
|
Metastatic Carcinoid and Carcinoid Syndrome |
|
|
2156 | (3) |
|
Metastatic Carcinoid Tumors |
|
|
2159 | (10) |
|
Small Intestinal Neoplasms |
|
|
2169 | (6) |
|
|
|
|
|
2169 | (1) |
|
|
|
2169 | (1) |
|
Etiology and Risk Factors |
|
|
2170 | (1) |
|
|
|
2171 | (1) |
|
|
|
2171 | (1) |
|
|
|
2172 | (3) |
|
Colonic Polyps and Polyposis Syndromes |
|
|
2175 | (40) |
|
|
|
|
|
2175 | (21) |
|
Gastrointestinal Polyposis Syndromes |
|
|
2196 | (19) |
|
Malignant Neoplasms of the Large Intestine |
|
|
2215 | (48) |
|
|
|
Descriptive Epidemiology and Epidemiologic Patterns |
|
|
2215 | (2) |
|
Theories and Clues About Causation |
|
|
2217 | (5) |
|
Biology of Colorectal Cancer |
|
|
2222 | (5) |
|
|
|
2227 | (2) |
|
Predisposition to Colorectal Cancer |
|
|
2229 | (3) |
|
Tumor Pathology, Natural History, and Staging |
|
|
2232 | (3) |
|
|
|
2235 | (5) |
|
|
|
2240 | (1) |
|
|
|
2241 | (9) |
|
|
|
2250 | (6) |
|
Other Malignant Large Bowel Tumors |
|
|
2256 | (7) |
|
Proctitis and Sexually Transmissible Intestinal Disease |
|
|
2263 | (14) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2263 | (3) |
|
|
|
2266 | (1) |
|
|
|
2266 | (11) |
|
Examination and Diseases of the Anorectum |
|
|
2277 | (17) |
|
|
|
|
|
2277 | (1) |
|
Examination of the Anus and Rectum |
|
|
2278 | (2) |
|
|
|
2280 | (2) |
|
|
|
2282 | (2) |
|
Anal Sepsis---Abscesses and Fistulas |
|
|
2284 | (2) |
|
|
|
2286 | (1) |
|
|
|
2287 | (1) |
|
|
|
2287 | (1) |
|
|
|
2288 | (1) |
|
|
|
2289 | (1) |
|
|
|
2289 | (1) |
|
|
|
2290 | (1) |
|
|
|
2290 | (1) |
|
|
|
2291 | (3) |
|
Other Diseases of the Colon and Rectum |
|
|
2294 | (27) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2294 | (2) |
|
Solitary Rectal Ulcer Syndrome |
|
|
2296 | (2) |
|
Nonspecific Colonic Ulcers |
|
|
2298 | (1) |
|
Dieulafoy-Type Colonic Ulceration |
|
|
2299 | (1) |
|
|
|
2299 | (1) |
|
Lymphocytic and Collagenous Colitis |
|
|
2300 | (3) |
|
|
|
2303 | (1) |
|
|
|
2304 | (1) |
|
|
|
2305 | (1) |
|
|
|
2305 | (1) |
|
|
|
2306 | (1) |
|
Pneumatosis Coli (Pneumatosis Cystoides Intestinalis) |
|
|
2307 | (2) |
|
|
|
2309 | (1) |
|
Neutropenic Enterocolitis (Typhlitis) |
|
|
2310 | (1) |
|
|
|
2311 | (10) |
| Section Eleven VASCULATURE AND SUPPORTING STRUCTURES |
|
|
|
|
2321 | (20) |
|
|
|
|
|
Anatomy of the Splanchnic Circulation |
|
|
2321 | (1) |
|
Pathophysiology and Pathology of Mesenteric Ischemia |
|
|
2322 | (1) |
|
Acute Mesenteric Ischemia |
|
|
2323 | (6) |
|
Mesenteric Venous Thrombosis |
|
|
2329 | (2) |
|
Focal Segmental Ischemia of the Small Bowel |
|
|
2331 | (1) |
|
|
|
2331 | (5) |
|
Chronic Mesenteric Ischemia (Intestinal Angina) |
|
|
2336 | (1) |
|
Vasculitis of the Splanchnic Circulation |
|
|
2337 | (4) |
|
Vascular Lesions of the Gastrointestinal Tract |
|
|
2341 | (16) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2341 | (10) |
|
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm |
|
|
2351 | (1) |
|
Paraprosthetic Enteric and Aortoenteric Fistula |
|
|
2352 | (1) |
|
Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome |
|
|
2352 | (1) |
|
Celiac Axis Compression Syndrome (CACS) |
|
|
2353 | (4) |
|
Surgical Peritonitis and Other Diseases of the Peritoneum, Mesentery, Omentum, and Diaphragm |
|
|
2357 | (14) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2357 | (1) |
|
|
|
2358 | (3) |
|
Peritonitis of Other Causes |
|
|
2361 | (2) |
|
|
|
2363 | (2) |
|
Diseases of the Mesentery and Omentum |
|
|
2365 | (2) |
|
Diseases of the Diaphragm |
|
|
2367 | (1) |
|
Laparoscopy in the Evaluation of Peritoneal Diseases |
|
|
2367 | (4) |
| Section Twelve PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS IN GASTROINTESTINAL DISEASE |
|
|
A Biopsychosocial Understanding of Gastrointestinal Illness and Disease |
|
|
2371 | (9) |
|
|
|
|
|
2371 | (4) |
|
|
|
2375 | (1) |
|
|
|
2376 | (2) |
|
Central and Enteric Nervous Systems: The Brain-Gut Axis |
|
|
2378 | (2) |
|
Symptom Experience and Behavior |
|
|
2380 | (1) |
|
|
|
2380 | (1) |
|
|
|
2380 | |
| Index |
|
1 | |
