No items in cart

| Checkout | My Account | Help

Free Shipping. $59 or more. Details here!

100% Satisfaction Guaranteed | A BIGGER selection for a BETTER price!

Browse

Art

Biographies

Business/Investing

Children's Books

Computers/Internet

Cooking/Beverages

Health/Fitness

History

Fiction

Parenting & Families

Reference

Religious/Spirituality

Science

Sports

Travel

Find related items:

Medical > Ophthalmology

Item Detail

The Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary Illustrated Manual of Ophthalmology

Author(s): Kaiser, Friedman & Pineda

Edition: 2nd

ISBN10: 0721601405

ISBN13: 9780721601403

Cover: Hardcover

Currently Not Available

List Price ~~$64.95~~
Our Price $62.06
You save $2.89

Expands treatment information for all diagnoses.

Includes two new appendices: a history and examination primer and a drug guide.

With more than 15 additional contributing experts.

1 ORBIT,

(25)

Trauma,

(5)

Blunt trauma,

(4)

Orbital contusion,

(1)

Orbital hemorrhage or orbital compartment syndrome,

(2)

Orbital fractures,

(2)

Penetrating trauma,

(2)

Optic nerve avulsion,

(1)

Intraorbital foreign body,

(1)

Carotid-cavernous fistula,

(1)

Infections,

(4)

Preseptal cellulitis,

(2)

Orbital cellulitis,

(2)

Inflammation,

(4)

Thyroid-related ophthalmopathy,

(2)

Idiopathic orbital inflammation or orbital pseudotumor,

(2)

Congenital anomalies,

(1)

Congenital anophthalmia,

(1)

Infantile enucleation,

(1)

Craniofacial disorders,

(1)

Pediatric orbital tumors,

(3)

Benign pediatric orbital tumors,

(2)

Orbital dermoid or dermoid cyst,

(1)

Lymphangioma,

(1)

Juvenile xanthogranuloma,

(1)

Malignant pediatric orbital tumors,

(1)

Rhabdomyosarcoma,

(1)

Neuroblastoma,

(1)

Leukemia,

(1)

Adult orbital tumors,

(5)

Benign adult orbital tumors,

(3)

Cavernous hemangioma,

(1)

Mucocele,

(1)

Neurilemmoma or schwannoma,

(1)

Meningioma,

(1)

Histiocytic tumors,

(1)

Fibrous histiocytoma,

(1)

Fibro-osseous tumors,

(1)

Malignant adult orbital tumors,

(3)

Lymphoid tumors,

(2)

Fibro-osseous tumors,

(1)

Metastatic tumors,

(1)

Acquired anophthalmia,

(1)

Atrophia bulbi and phthisis bulbi,

(2)

Atrophia bulbi without shrinkage,

(1)

Atrophia bulbi with shrinkage,

(1)

Atrophia bulbi with disorganization or phthisis bulbi,

(1)

2 OCULAR MOTILITY AND CRANIAL NERVES,

(29)

Strabismus,

(2)

Horizontal strabismus,

(2)

Esotropia,

(2)

Infantile esotropia,

(1)

Accommodative esotropia,

(1)

Acquired nonaccommodative esotropia and other forms of esotropia,

(1)

Cyclical esotropia,

(1)

Exotropia,

(2)

Basic exotropia,

(1)

Convergence insufficiency,

(1)

Pseudodivergence excess,

(1)

True divergence excess,

(1)

A-, V-, and X- patterns,

(1)

A-Pattern,

(1)

V -Pattern,

(1)

X-Pattern,

(1)

Vertical strabismus,

(2)

Brown's syndrome,

(1)

Dissociated strabismus complex: dissociated vertical deviation or dissociated horizontal deviation,

(1)

Monocular elevation deficiency,

(1)

Skew deviation,

(1)

Miscellaneous strabismus,

(1)

Duane's retraction syndrome,

(1)

Möbius' syndrome,

(1)

Restrictive strabismus,

(1)

Nystagmus,

(3)

Congenital nystagmus,

(1)

Acquired nystagmus,

(1)

Physiologic nystagmus,

(1)

Third cranial nerve palsy,

(2)

Nuclear,

(1)

Fascicular,

(1)

Subarachnoid space,

(1)

Intracavernous space,

(1)

Orbital space,

(1)

Fourth cranial nerve palsy,

(3)

Nuclear,

(1)

Fascicular,

(1)

Subarachnoid space,

(1)

Intracavernous space,

(2)

Sixth cranial nerve palsy,

(2)

Nuclear,

(1)

Fascicular,

(1)

Subarachnoid space,

(1)

Petrous space,

(1)

Intracavernous space,

(1)

Multiple cranial nerve palsies,

(2)

Brain stem,

(1)

Subarachnoid space,

(1)

Cavernous sinus syndrome,

(1)

Orbital apex syndrome,

(1)

Chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia,

(2)

Kearns-Sayre syndrome (mitochondrial DNA),

(1)

MELAS (mitochondrial encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke),

(1)

MERRF (myoclonus epilepsy with ragged red fibers),

(1)

Myotonic dystrophy (AD),

(1)

Oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy (AD),

(2)

Horizontal gaze palsy,

(1)

Internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO),

(1)

One-and-a-half syndrome,

(1)

Vertical gaze palsy,

(1)

Progressive supranuclear palsy (Steele-Richardson-Olszewski syndrome),

(1)

Dorsal midbrain (Parinaud's syndrome),

(1)

Progressive supranuclear palsy,

(1)

Dorsal midbrain syndrome,

(1)

Myasthenia gravis,

(3)

3 LIDS, LASHES, AND LACRIMAL GLANDS,

(56)

Eyelid trauma,

(3)

Contusion,

(1)

Abrasion,

(1)

Avulsion,

(1)

Laceration,

(1)

Canalicular laceration,

(2)

Eyelid infections,

(5)

Blepharitis and meibomitis,

(2)

Herpes simplex virus,

(1)

Herpes zoster virus,

(1)

Molluscum contagiosum,

(1)

Demodicosis,

(1)

Phthiriasis or pediculosis,

(1)

Leprosy,

(1)

Eyelid inflammations,

(5)

Chalazion or hordeolum, (stye),

(1)

Contact dermatitis,

(2)

Blepharochalasis,

(1)

Madarosis,

(1)

Vitiligo and poliosis,

(1)

Acne rosacea,

(1)

Eyelid malpositions,

(8)

Ptosis,

(3)

Aponeurotic (involutional),

(1)

Mechanical,

(1)

Myogenic,

(1)

Neurogenic,

(1)

Congenital,

(1)

Dermatochalasis,

(1)

Ectropion,

(2)

Cicatricial,

(1)

Congenital,

(1)

Inflammatory,

(1)

Involutional,

(1)

Mechanical,

(1)

Paralytic,

(2)

Entropion,

(2)

Cicatricial,

(1)

Congenital,

(1)

Involutional,

(1)

Spastic,

(2)

Blepharospasm,

(1)

Essential blepharospasm,

(1)

Meige's syndrome,

(1)

Bell's palsy,

(2)

Floppy eyelid syndrome,

(1)

Trichiasis,

(2)

Congenital eyelid anomalies,

(4)

Ankyloblepharon,

(1)

Blepharophimosis,

(1)

Coloboma,

(1)

Cryptophthalmos,

(1)

Distichiasis,

(1)

Epiblepharon,

(1)

Epicanthus,

(1)

Euryblepharon,

(1)

Microblepharon,

(1)

Telecanthus,

(1)

Benign eyelid tumors,

(6)

Pigmented benign eyelid tumors,

(3)

Acquired nevus,

(1)

Ephelis (freckle),

(1)

Nevus of Ota (oculodermal melanocytosis),

(1)

Seborrheic keratosis,

(1)

Squamous papilloma,

(1)

Verruca vulgaris (viral papilloma),

(1)

Nonpigmented benign eyelid tumors,

(2)

Xanthelasma,

(1)

Moll's gland cyst (hidrocystoma, sudoriferous cyst),

(1)

Epidermal inclusion cyst,

(1)

Inverted follicular keratosis,

(1)

Milia,

(1)

Sebaceous (pilar) cyst,

(1)

Pilomatrixoma (calcifying epithelioma of Malherbe),

(1)

Vascular benign eyelid tumors,

(1)

Eyelid hemangioma,

(1)

Lymphangioma,

(1)

Port wine stain (nevus flammeus),

(1)

Malignant eyelid tumors,

(6)

Basal cell carcinoma,

(1)

Squamous cell carcinoma,

(1)

Actinic keratosis,

(1)

Keratoacanthoma,

(1)

Sebaceous cell carcinoma,

(1)

Malignant melanoma,

(1)

Merkel cell tumor,

(1)

Metastatic tumors,

(1)

Kaposi's sarcoma of the eyelid,

(1)

Systemic diseases,

(3)

Neurofibromatosis,

(2)

Sarcoidosis,

100

(1)

Amyloidosis,

100

(1)

Canaliculitis,

101

(2)

Dacryocystitis,

103

(1)

Nasolacrimal duct obstruction,

104

(2)

Dacryoadenitis,

106

(2)

Lacrimal gland tumors,

108

(3)

Benign mixed cell tumor (pleomorphic adenoma),

108

(1)

Malignant mixed cell tumor (pleomorphic adenocarcinoma),

109

(1)

Adenoid cystic carcinoma (cylindroma),

109

(2)

4 CONJUNCTIVA AND SCLERA,

111

(38)

Trauma,

111

(3)

Foreign body,

111

(1)

Laceration,

111

(1)

Open globe,

112

(1)

Subconjunctival hemorrhage,

113

(1)

Telangiectasia,

114

(1)

Microaneurysm,

115

(1)

Dry eye syndrome,

116

(2)

Decreased tear production,

116

(1)

Increased tear evaporation,

116

(2)

Inflammation,

118

(4)

Chemosis,

119

(1)

Follicles,

119

(1)

Granuloma,

119

(1)

Hyperemia,

119

(1)

Membranes,

120

(1)

Papillae,

120

(1)

Phlyctenule ("blister"),

120

(2)

Conjunctivitis,

122

(1)

Acute conjunctivitis,

122

(3)

Infectious,

122

(1)

Gonococcal,

122

(1)

Nongonococcal bacterial,

122

(1)

Adenoviral,

122

(1)

Herpes simplex virus,

123

(1)

Pediculosis,

123

(1)

Allergic,

124

(1)

Seasonal,

124

(1)

Atopic keratoconjunctivitis (AKC),

124

(1)

Vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC),

124

(1)

Toxic,

124

(1)

Chronic conjunctivitis,

125

(4)

Infectious,

125

(1)

Chlamydial,

125

(1)

Molluscum contagiosum,

125

(1)

Allergic,

125

(1)

Giant papillary conjunctivitis,

125

(1)

Toxic,

126

(1)

Other,

126

(3)

Superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis,

126

(1)

Kawasaki's disease,

126

(1)

Ligneous,

127

(1)

Parinaud's oculoglandular syndrome,

127

(1)

Ophthalmia neonatorum,

127

(2)

Conjunctival degeneration,

129

(3)

Amyloidosis,

130

(1)

Concretions,

130

(1)

Pingueculae,

131

(1)

Pterygium,

131

(1)

Ocular cicatricial pemphigoid,

132

(2)

Stevens-Johnson syndrome or erythema multiforme major,

134

(1)

Conjunctival tumors,

135

(8)

Congenital,

135

(1)

Hamartoma,

135

(1)

Choristoma,

135

(1)

Cysts,

136

(1)

Epithelial,

136

(1)

Papilloma,

136

(1)

Conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia,

137

(1)

Squamous cell carcinoma,

137

(1)

Melanocytic,

137

(3)

Nevus,

137

(1)

Ocular melanocytosis,

138

(1)

Oculodermal melanocytosis or nevus of Ota,

138

(1)

Primary acquired melanosis (PAM),

138

(1)

Secondary acquired melanosis,

139

(1)

Malignant melanoma,

139

(1)

Stromal,

140

(2)

Cavernous hemangioma,

140

(1)

Juvenile xanthogranuloma,

140

(1)

Kaposi's sarcoma,

141

(1)

Lymphangiectasis,

141

(1)

Lymphoid,

141

(1)

Pyogenic granuloma,

142

(1)

Caruncle,

142

(1)

Episcleritis,

143

(1)

Scleritis,

144

(2)

Scleral discoloration,

146

(3)

Alkaptonuria or ochronosis,

146

(1)

Ectasia or staphyloma,

147

(1)

Osteogenesis imperfecta,

147

(1)

Scleral icterus,

147

(1)

Senile scleral plaque,

147

(2)

5 CORNEA,

149

(54)

Trauma,

149

(4)

Birth trauma,

149

(1)

Chemical or thermal burn,

149

(1)

Corneal abrasion,

150

(1)

Foreign body,

151

(1)

Laceration,

152

(1)

Recurrent erosion,

153

(1)

Peripheral ulcerative keratitis,

153

(2)

Marginal keratolysis,

153

(1)

Mooren's ulcer,

153

(2)

Contact lens-related problems,

155

(6)

Rigid lenses,

155

(1)

Soft lenses,

156

(1)

Corneal abrasion,

157

(1)

Corneal hypoxia,

157

(1)

Contact lens-related dendritic keratitis,

157

(1)

Contact lens solution hypersensitivity or toxicity,

158

(1)

Corneal neovascularization,

158

(1)

Corneal warpage,

158

(1)

Damaged contact lens,

159

(1)

Deposits on contact lens,

159

(1)

Giant papillary conjunctivitis,

159

(1)

Infectious keratitis,

160

(1)

Sterile corneal infiltrates,

160

(1)

Poor fit (loose),

160

(1)

Poor fit (tight),

160

(1)

Superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis,

160

(1)

Superficial punctate keratitis,

160

(1)

Miscellaneous,

161

(4)

Dellen,

161

(1)

Exposure keratopathy,

161

(1)

Filamentary keratitis,

162

(1)

Keratic precipitates,

162

(1)

Superficial punctuate keratitis,

163

(1)

Thygeson's superficial punctuate keratitis,

163

(2)

Corneal edema,

165

(1)

Graft rejection or failure,

166

(2)

Infectious keratitis (corneal ulcer),

168

(7)

Bacterial,

168

(1)

Fungal,

169

(1)

Parasitic,

170

(1)

Viral,

171

(4)

Interstitial keratitis,

175

(2)

Pannus,

177

(1)

Degenerations

178

(4)

Arcus senilis

178

(1)

Band keratopathy

179

(1)

Crocodile shagreen

179

(1)

Furrow degeneration,

180

(1)

Lipid keratopathy,

180

(1)

Spheoidal degeneration (actinic, Labrador keratopathy, Bietti's nodular dystrophy),

180

(1)

Salzmann's nodular degeneration,

181

(1)

Terrien's marginal degeneration,

181

(1)

White limbal girdle of Vogt,

,181

Ectasias,

182

(3)

Keratoconus,

182

(1)

Keratoglobus,

183

(1)

Pellucid marginal degeneration,

183

(2)

Congenital anomalies,

185

(3)

Cornea plana (autosomal dominant [AD] or autosomal recessive [AR]),

185

(1)

Dermoid,

185

(1)

Haab's striae,

186

(1)

Megalocornea (X-linked),

186

(1)

Microcornea (AD and AR),

186

(1)

Posterior keratoconus,

187

(1)

Sclerocornea,

187

(1)

Dystrophies,

188

(7)

Anterior (epithelial and Bowman's tnembrane),

,188

Anterior basement membrane (ABMD) (epithelial basement membrane [EBMD], nnap-dot-fingerprint [MDF], (ogan's microcystic) (AD),

188

(1)

(Gelatinous droplike (AR),

188

(1)

Meesman's (AD),

189

(1)

Reis-Buckler (AD),

189

(1)

Stromal,

190

(2)

Avellino (AD),

190

(1)

Central cloudy (François) (AD),

190

(1)

Central crystalline (Schnyder's) (AD),

190

(1)

Congenital hereditary stromal (CHSD) (AD),

191

(1)

Fleck (François-Neetans') (AD),

191

(1)

Granular (AD),

191

(1)

Lattice (AD),

191

(1)

Macular (AR),

192

(1)

Pre-Descemet's (deep filiform) (Al)),

192

(1)

Posterior (endothelial),

192

(4)

Congenital hereditary endothelial (CHED) (AR > AD),

192

(1)

Fuchs' endothelial (AD),

193

(1)

Posterior polymorphous (PPMD) (AD),

193

(2)

Metabolic diseases,

195

(1)

Corneal deposits,

196

(3)

Calcium,

196

(1)

Copper,

196

(1)

Cysteine (cystinosis),

196

(1)

Drugs,

197

(1)

Immunoglobulin (multiple myeloma),

197

(1)

Iron,

197

(1)

Lipid or cholesterol (dyslipoproteinemias),

198

(1)

Melanin,

198

(1)

Tyrosine (tyrosinemía),

198

(1)

Urate (gout),

198

(1)

Verticillata,

198

(1)

Enlarged corneal nerves,

199

(1)

Tumors,

200

(3)

6 ANTERIOR CHAMBER,

203

(20)

Angle-closure glaucoma,

203

(4)

Primary angle-closure glaucoma,

203

(2)

Secondary angle-closure glaucoma,

205

(2)

Hypotony,

207

(1)

Hyphema,

208

(2)

Anterior chamber cells and flare,

210

(1)

Hypopyon,

211

(2)

Endophthalmitis,

213

(3)

Postoperative (70%),

213

(1)

Posttraumatic (20%),

213

(1)

Endogenous (8%),

213

(3)

Anterior uveitis (iritis, iridocyclitis),

216

(6)

Infectious anterior uveitis,

216

(1)

Noninfectious anterior uveitis,

216

(1)

Nongranulomatous noninfectious anterior uveitis,

216

(3)

Granulomatous noninfectious anterior uveitis,

219

(3)

Uveitis-glaucoma-hyphema syndrome,

222

(1)

7 IRIS AND PUPILS,

223

(33)

Trauma,

223

(2)

Angle recession,

223

(1)

Cyclodialysis,

224

(1)

Iridodialysis,

224

(1)

Sphincter tears,

224

(1)

Corectopia,

225

(1)

Seclusio pupillae,

226

(2)

Peripheral anterior synechiae (PAS),

228

(1)

Rubeosis iridis,

229

(1)

Neovascular glaucoma,

230

(1)

Pigment dispersion syndrome,

231

(2)

Pigmentary glaucoma,

233

(1)

Iris heterochromia,

234

(2)

Heterochromia iridis,

234

(1)

Heterochromia iridium,

234

(1)

Congenital,

234

(1)

Acquired,

235

(1)

Anisocoria,

236

(2)

Greater anisocoria in dark (abnormal pupil is smaller),

236

(1)

Greater anisocoria in light (abnormal pupil is larger),

236

(1)

Anisocoria equal in light and dark,

236

(2)

Adie's tonic pupil,

238

(1)

Argyll Robertson pupil,

239

(1)

Horner's syndrome,

240

(2)

Central,

240

(1)

Preganglionic,

240

(1)

Postganglionic,

240

(2)

Relative afferent pupillary defect (RAPD, Marcus Gunn pupil),

242

(1)

Leukocoria,

243

(1)

Congenital anomalies,

244

(2)

Aniridia,

244

(1)

Coloboma,

245

(1)

Persistent pupillary membrane,

245

(1)

Plateau iris (configuration or syndrome),

245

(1)

Mesodermal dysgenesis syndromes,

246

(3)

Axenfeld's anomaly (AD),

247

(1)

Alagille's syndrome,

247

(1)

Rieger's anomaly,

247

(1)

Rieger's syndrome,

247

(1)

Peters' anomaly,

247

(2)

Iridocorneal endothelial (ICE) syndromes,

249

(2)

Essential iris atrophy (progressive iris atrophy),

249

(1)

Chandler's syndrome,

250

(1)

Iris nevus (Cogan-Reese) syndrome,

250

(1)

Tumors,

251

(2)

Cyst,

251

(1)

Iris nevus,

252

(1)

Iris nodules,

253

(1)

Iris pigment epithelium tumors,

254

(1)

Juvenile xanthogranuloma,

254

(1)

Malignant melanoma,

254

(1)

Metastatic tumors,

255

(1)

8 LENS,

256

(27)

Congenital anomalies,

256

(3)

Coloboma,

256

(1)

Lenticonus,

257

(1)

Lentiglobus,

258

(1)

Microspherophakia,

258

(1)

Mittendorfdot,

258

(1)

Congenital cataract,

259

(4)

Capsular,

259

(1)

Lamellar or zonular,

259

(1)

Lenticular or nuclear,

259

(1)

Polar,

260

(1)

Sutural,

260

(1)

Hereditary or syndromes,

261

(1)

Intrauterine infections,

261

(1)

Metabolic,

261

(1)

Ocular disorders,

262

(1)

Other,

262

(1)

Acquired cataract,

263

(6)

Cortical degeneration,

263

(1)

Nuclear sclerosis,

264

(1)

Subcapsular cataract,

265

(1)

Systemic disease,

266

(1)

Other eye diseases,

267

(1)

Toxic,

267

(1)

Trauma,

268

(1)

Posterior capsular opacification (secondary cataract),

269

(2)

Aphakia,

271

(1)

Pseudophakia,

272

(1)

Exfoliation,

273

(1)

Pseudoexfoliation syndrome,

274

(1)

Pseudoexfoliation glaucoma,

275

(2)

Lens-induced secondary glaucoma,

277

(2)

Lens particle,

277

(1)

Phacolytic,

277

(1)

Phacomorphic,

278

(1)

Dislocated lens (ectopia lentis),

279

(4)

Ectopia lentis et pupillae (AR),

280

(1)

Homocystinuria (AR),

280

(1)

Hyperlysinemia,

280

(1)

Marfan's syndrome (AD),

280

(1)

Microspherophakia,

280

(1)

Simple ectopia lentis (AD),

281

(1)

Sulfite oxidase deficiency (AR),

281

(1)

Other,

281

(2)

9 VITREOUS

283

(6)

Amyloidosis

283

(1)

Asteroid hyalosis

284

(1)

Persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous

284

(1)

Posterior vitreous detachment

285

(2)

Synchesis scintillans

287

(2)

10 RETINA AND CHOROID,

289

(135)

Trauma

290

(2)

Choroidal rupture

290

(1)

Commotio retinae (Berlin's edema)

290

(1)

Purtscher's retinopathy

290

(1)

Retinal break

291

(1)

Hemorrhages

292

(2)

Preretinal hemorrhage

292

(1)

Intraretinal hemorrhage

292

(2)

Subretinal hemorrhage

294

(1)

Cotton-wool spot (CWS)

294

(1)

Branch retinal artery occlusion (BRAO)

294

(2)

Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO),

296

(3)

Ophthalmic artery occlusion,

299

(2)

Branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO),

301

(2)

Central/hemiretinal vein occlusion (CRVO/HRVO),

303

(3)

Venous stasis retinopathy,

306

(1)

Ocular ischemic syndrome,

307

(1)

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP),

308

(3)

Coats' disease/Leber's miliary aneurysms,

311

(1)

Eales' disease,

312

(1)

Idiopathic juxtafoveal retinal telangiectasia (JXT),

313

(1)

Type 1 A (unilateral congenital parafoveal telangiectasia),

313

(1)

Type 1 B (unilateral idiopathic parafoveal telangiectasia),

313

(1)

Type 2 (bilateral acquired parafoveal telangiectasia),

313

(1)

Type 3 (bilateral perifoveal telangiectasis with capillary obliteration),

314

(1)

Retinopathies associated with blood abnormalities,

314

(3)

Retinopathy of anemia,

314

(1)

Leukemic retinopathy,

315

(1)

Sickle cell retinopathy,

316

(1)

Diabetic retinopathy (DR),

317

(5)

Insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM; type I),

317

(1)

Non-insulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM; type II),

317

(1)

Nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR),

318

(1)

Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR),

319

(3)

Hypertensive retinopathy,

322

(2)

Toxemia of pregnancy,

324

(1)

Acquired retinal arterial macroaneurysm (RAM),

324

(1)

Radiation retinopathy,

325

(2)

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD),

327

(5)

Nonexudative (dry) macular degeneration,

327

(2)

Exudative (wet) macular degeneration,

329

(3)

Myopic degeneration/pathologic myopia,

332

(1)

Angioid streaks,

333

(2)

Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSR)/idiopathic central serous choroidopathy (ICSC),

335

(2)

Cystoid macular edema (CME),

337

(2)

Macular hole,

339

(3)

Epiretinal membrane/macular pucker,

342

(1)

Myelinated nerve fibers,

343

(1)

Solar/photic retinopathy,

344

(1)

Toxic/drug maculopathies,

344

(3)

Aminoglycosides (gentamicin, tobramycin, amikacin),

344

(1)

Canthaxanthine,

345

(1)

Chloroquine (Aralen)/hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil),

345

(1)

Talc,

346

(1)

Tamoxifen,

346

(1)

Sildenafil (Viagra),

346

(1)

Thioridazine (Mellaril),

347

(1)

Lipid storage diseases,

347

(1)

Farber's disease (lipogranulomatosis) (autosomal recessive [AR]),

347

(1)

Mucolipidosis (mucopolysacchari doses) (AR),

348

(1)

Niemann-Pick disease (AR),

348

(1)

Sandhoff's disease (gangliosidosis type II) (AR),

348

(1)

Tay-Sachs Disease (gangliosidosis type I) (AR),

348

(1)

Peripheral retinal degenerations,

348

(2)

Lattice degeneration,

348

(1)

Paving stone/cobblestone degeneration,

349

(1)

Peripheral cystoid degeneration,

350

(1)

Snail track degeneration,

350

(1)

Retinoschisis,

350

(2)

Retinal detachment (RD),

352

(4)

Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD),

352

(2)

Serous/exudative retinal detachment (SRD),

354

(1)

Traction retinal detachment (TRD),

355

(1)

Choroidal detachment,

356

(1)

Choroidal effusion,

357

(1)

Choroidal hemorrhage,

357

(1)

Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR),

357

(1)

Intermediate uveitis/pars planitis,

358

(2)

Neuroretinitis/Leber's idiopathic stellate neuroretinitis,

360

(2)

Posterior uveitis: infections,

362

(12)

Acute retinal necrosis (ARN),

362

(1)

Candidiasis,

363

(1)

Cysticercosis,

363

(1)

Cytomegalovirus (CMV),

364

(3)

Diffuse unilateral subacute neuroretinitis (DUSN), 366

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV),

367

(1)

Pneumocystis carinii choroidopathy,

367

(1)

Presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome (PONS),

368

(1)

Progressive outer retinal necrosis syndrome (PORN),

369

(1)

Rubella,

370

(1)

Syphilis (luetic chorioretinitis),

370

(1)

Toxocariasis,

371

(1)

Toxoplasmosis,

372

(1)

Tuberculosis,

373

(1)

Posterior uveitis: white dot syndromes,

374

(5)

Acute macular neuroretinopathy,

374

(1)

Acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy (APMPPE),

374

(1)

Acute retinal pigment epitheliitis/Krill's disease,

375

(1)

Birdshot choroidopathy/vitiliginous chorioretinitis,

375

(1)

Multifocal choroiditis and panuveitis (MCP)/subretinal fibrosis and uveitis syndrome,

376

(1)

Punctate inner choroidopathy,

376

(2)

Multiple evanescent white dot syndrome (MEWDS),

378

(1)

Acute idiopathic blind spot enlargement syndrome (AIBSE),

378

(1)

Posterior uveitis: other inflammatory disorders,

379

(8)

Behçet's disease,

379

(1)

Idiopathic uveal effusion syndrome,

380

(1)

Masquerade syndromes,

381

(1)

Posterior scleritis,

381

(2)

Sarcoidosis,

383

(1)

Serpiginous choroidopathy/geographic helicoid peripapillary choroidopathy (GHPC),

384

(1)

Sympathetic ophthalmia (SO),

385

(1)

Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome (VKH)/Harada's disease,

386

(1)

Posterior uveitis evaluation/management,

387

(1)

Hereditary chorioretinal dystrophies,

388

(6)

Central areolar choroidal dystrophy (AD),

388

(1)

Choroideremia (X-linked),

389

(1)

Congenital stationary night blindness (CSNE),

390

(2)

Crystalline retinopathy of Bietti (AR),

392

(1)

Gyrate atrophy (AR),

392

(1)

Progressive cone dystrophy (AD>AR>X-linked),

393

(1)

Rod monochromatism (achromatopsia) (AR),

394

(1)

Hereditary macular dystrophies, 394

Adult foveomacular vitelliform dystrophy (AD),

394

(1)

Best's disease (AD),

394

(2)

Butterfly pattern dystrophy (AD),

396

(1)

Dominant drusen/Doyne's honeycomb dystrophy/malattia leventinese (AD),

397

(1)

North Carolina macular dystrophy (Lefler-Wadsworth-Sidbury dystrophy) (AD),

397

(1)

Pseudominflammatory macular dystrophy (Sorshy's) (AD),

398

(1)

Sjogren reticular pigment dystrophy (AR)

398

(1)

Stargardt's disease/fundus flavimaculatus (AR>AD),

398

(1)

Hereditary vitreoretinal degenerations

399

(3)

Familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR) (AD),

399

(1)

Enhanced S-cone syndrome/Goldmann-Favre syndrome (AR),

400

(1)

Snowflake degeneration (AD),

401

(1)

Wagner/Jansen/Stickler er vitreoretinal dystrophies (AD),

401

(1)

Leber's congenital amaurosis (AR),

402

(1)

Retinitis pigmentosa,

403

(5)

Atypical forms,

403

(1)

Retinitis pigmentosa inversus,

403

(1)

Retinitis pigmentosa sine pigmentosa,

403

(1)

Retinitis punctata albescens (AR),

403

(1)

Sector retinitis pigmentosa,

403

(1)

Forms associated with systemic abnormalities,

403

(5)

Abetalipoproteinemia (Bassen Kornzweig syndrome),

403

(1)

Alström's disease (AR),

404

(1)

Cockayne's syndrome,

404

(1)

Kearns-Sayre syndrome (AR),

404

(1)

Laurence-MoonBardet-Biedl syndromes (AR),

404

(1)

Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (Batten disease),

405

(1)

Refsum's disease (AR),

405

(1)

Usher's syndrome (AR),

405

(3)

Albinism,

408

(1)

Ocular albinism (X-linked/AR),

408

(1)

Oculucutaneous albinism (AR>AD),

408

(1)

Phakomatoses,

409

(3)

Angiomatosis retinae (von Hippel-Lindau disease) (AD),

409

(1)

Ataxia telangiectasia (Louis-Bar syndrome) (AR),

409

(1)

Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis (Sturge-Weber syndrome),

410

(1)

Neurulïhromatosis (von Recklinghausen's disease) (AD)

410

(1)

Racemose hemangiomatosis (Wyburn-Mason syndrome),

411

(1)

Tuberous sclerosis (Bourneville's disease) (AD),

411

(1)

Tumors,

412

(10)

Benign choroidal tumors,

412

(3)

Choroidal hemangioma,

412

(2)

Choroidal nevus,

414

(1)

Choroidal osteoma,

414

(1)

Benign retinal tumors,

415

(3)

Astrocytic hamartoma,

415

(1)

Capillary hemangioma,

415

(1)

Cavernous hemangioma,

416

(1)

Congenital hypertrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium (CHRPE),

416

(1)

Bear tracks,

417

(1)

Combined hamartoma of retinal pigment epithelium and retina,

417

(1)

Malignant tumors,

418

(4)

Choroidal malignant melanoma,

418

(2)

Choroidal metastasis,

420

(1)

Primary intraocular lymphoma (reticulum cell sarcoma),

421

(1)

Retinoblastoma (RB),

421

(1)

Paraneoplastic syndromes,

422

(2)

Bilateral diffuse uveal melanocytic proliferation syndrome (BDUMPS),

422

(1)

Carcinoma-associated retinopathy (CAR),

422

(1)

Cutaneous melanoma-associated retinopathy (MAR),

423

(1)

11 OPTIC NERVE AND GLAUCOMA,

424

(31)

Papilledema,

424

(1)

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (pseudotumor cerebri),

425

(2)

Optic neuritis,

427

(2)

Papillitis,

427

(1)

Retrobulbar,

427

(1)

Devic's syndrome,

427

(2)

Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy,

429

(2)

Arteritis,

429

(1)

Nonarteritic or idiopathic,

429

(2)

Traumatic optic neuropathy,

431

(2)

Other optic neuropathies,

433

(2)

Compressive,

433

(1)

Hereditary,

433

(1)

Infiltrative,

434

(1)

Toxic or nutritional,

434

(1)

Congenital anomalies,

435

(5)

Aplasia,

436

(1)

Dysplasias,

436

(4)

Coloboma,

436

(1)

Hypoplasia,

436

(1)

Morning glory syndrome,

437

(1)

Optic nerve drusen,

437

(1)

Pit,

437

(1)

Septo-optic dysplasia (De Morsier),

438

(1)

Tilted optic disc,

438

(2)

Optic nerve tumors,

440

(3)

Angioma (von Hippel lesion),

440

(1)

Astrocytic hamartoma,

440

(1)

Combined hamartoma of retina and retinal pigment epithelium,

440

(1)

Glioma,

440

(1)

Melanocytoma,

440

(1)

Meningioma,

441

(2)

Chiasmal syndromes,

443

(1)

Congenital glaucoma,

444

(2)

Primary open-angle glaucoma,

446

(3)

Elevated intraocular pressure,

446

(1)

Optic nerve damage (various theories),

446

(3)

Secondary open-angle glaucoma,

449

(4)

Drug-induced secondary glaucoma,

449

(1)

Intraocular tumor secondary glaucoma,

450

(1)

Uveitic secondary glaucoma,

451

(1)

Traumatic secondary glaucoma,

451

(2)

Normal (low) tension glaucoma,

453

(2)

12 VISUAL ACUITY, REFRACTIVE PROCEDURES, AND SUDDEN VISION LOSS,

455

(24)

Refractive error,

455

(3)

Ametropia,

455

(1)

Anisometropia,

455

(1)

Astigmatism,

455

(2)

Emmetropia,

457

(1)

Hyperopia ("farsightedness"),

457

(1)

Myopia ("nearsightedness"),

457

(1)

Presbyopia,

457

(1)

Intraocular refractive procedures,

458

(1)

Clear lens extraction,

458

(1)

Phakic intraocular lens,

458

(1)

Corneal refractive procedures,

459

(2)

Incisional,

459

(1)

Radial keratotomy (RK),

459

(1)

Astigmatic keratotomy (AK),

459

(2)

Automated lamellar keratoplasty (ALK),

461

(1)

Excimer laser,

461

(4)

Laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK),

461

(3)

Laser-assisted subepithelial keratectomy (LASEK),

464

(1)

Photorefractive keratectomy (PRK),

464

(1)

Implants,

465

(1)

Intracorneal inlays,

465

(1)

Intrastomal corneal ring segments (ICRS, INTACS),

465

(1)

Thermokeratoplasty,

466

(1)

Conductive thermokeratoplasty (CK),

466

(1)

Laser thermokeratoplasty (LTK),

466

(1)

Evaluation and management of corneal refractive procedure complications,

467

(1)

Vertebrobasilar artery insufficiency,

468

(1)

Migraine,

469

(2)

Classic migraine (10-20%),

469

(1)

Common migraine (70-80%),

469

(1)

Complicated migraine,

470

(1)

Acephalic migraine,

470

(1)

Convergence insufficiency,

471

(1)

Accommodative excess,

472

(1)

Functional visual loss (malingering, hysteria),

473

(1)

Malingering,

473

(1)

Hysteria,

473

(1)

Transient visual loss (amaurosis fugax),

474

(1)

Amblyopia,

475

(2)

Strabismic,

475

(1)

Anisometropic,

475

(1)

Isoametopic,

475

(1)

Deprivation,

476

(1)

Occlusion,

476

(1)

Cortical blindness (cortical visual impairment),

477

(2)

APPENDIX,

479

Ophthalmic history and examination,

479

(12)

History,

479

(1)

Ocular examination,

479

(13)

Vision,

479

(2)

Glasses prescription,

481

(1)

Other specialized tests,

482

(1)

Ocular motility,

483

(1)

Cover tests,

484

(1)

Corneal light reflex tests,

485

(1)

Forced ductions,

485

(1)

OKN testing,

485

(1)

Pupils

485

(1)

Visual fields (VF),

486

(1)

External examination,

486

(2)

Slit lamp examination (SLE),

488

(1)

Tonometry (T),

489

(1)

Fundus examination,

489

(2)

AAO suggested routine eye examination guidelines,

491

(1)

Common ophthalmic medications,

492

(6)

Antiinfectives,

492

(2)

Aminoglycosides,

492

(1)

Fluoroquinolones,

492

(1)

Penicullins/synthetic penicillins,

492

(1)

Cephalosporins,

492

(1)

Macrolides,

493

(1)

Peptides,

493

(1)

Sulfonamides,

493

(1)

Tetracyclines,

493

(1)

Antibiotic/steroid combinations,

493

(1)

Antiamebic agents,

493

(1)

Antifungal agents,

494

(1)

Antiviral agents,

494

(1)

Miscellaneous antibiotics,

494

(1)

Antiinflammatories,

494

(1)

NSAIDs,

494

(1)

Immunomodulator,

495

(1)

Steroids,

495

(1)

Ocular hypotensive (glaucoma) medications,

495

(1)

α-Adrenergic receptor agonists (purple cap),

495

(1)

β-Blockers (yellow or blue cap),

495

(1)

Cholinergic agonists (green cap),

496

(1)

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (orange cap),

496

(1)

Prostaglandin analogues (turquoise/teal cap),

496

(1)

Hyperosmotics,

496

(1)

Allergy medications,

496

(1)

Mydriatic/cycloplegics,

497

(1)

Anesthetics,

497

(1)

Miscellaneous,

497

(1)

Artificial tear gel formulations,

498

(1)

Artificial tear solution formulations,

498

(1)

Color codes for topical ocular medication caps,

498

(1)

List of important ocular measurements,

499

(1)

List of eponyms,

500

(2)

Common ophthalmic abbreviations,

502

(3)

Common Spanish phrases,

505

(2)