Black Entrepreneurs in America

Beginning with a summary of 200 years of entrepreneurship among African Americans, then moving to in-depth interviews with contemporary entrepreneurs, Michael Woodard provides a powerful record of entrepreneurial vitality in a market that is often hostile and exclusive. The book covers businesses nationwide, representing diverse industries. Woodard ends on a practical note with resources and advice for anyone contemplating an entrepreneurial future.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

ix

PART 1 The Origin of Successful Black Business in America

3

(48)

1 Economic Rights

3

(22)

2 The Impact of Civil Rights

25

(14)

3 An Indigenous Frame of Reference

39

(12)

PART 2 The Life Stories of Enterpreneurs

51

(164)

4 Starting a Business THE EAST REGION

51

(50)

5 Gaining Access to Capital THE CENTRAL REGION

101

(56)

6 Community Involvement THE WEST REGION

157

(58)

PART 3 The Outlook for Black Business Development

215

(28)

7 The Future

215

(28)

BIBLIOGRAPHY

243

(4)

INDEX

247

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Black Entrepreneurs in America

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials