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Item Detail

Politeness And Face In Chinese Culture

Author(s): Lee-Wong, Song Mei

ISBN10: 3631320221

ISBN13: 9783631320228

Cover: Paperback

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List Price ~~$57.95~~
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List of tables and figures

xii

Acknowledgements

Theoretical foundations

(36)

Introduction

(1)

Conceptual notions: Speech act theory

(3)

Grice's theory of implicature

(5)

Bach and Harnish's mutual Knowledge in the schema for speech acts

(3)

Pragmatic relevance and knowledge

(3)

Concepts of politeness

(14)

Leech: The Politeness Principle

(12)

Brown and Levinson's concept of face

(1)

Politeness: Amicability strategy and support

(3)

The historicity of politeness: The Chinese concept of `face'

(2)

Face: Social and cultural determinants

(3)

Conceptual framework in politeness study: norms, strategies and appropriacy

(4)

Cross-cultural pragmatics

(2)

Problems and issues

(1)

Investigative approach

(3)

Summary

(1)

Concluding remarks

(2)

Research methodology

(26)

Aims and objectives

(2)

General objectives

(1)

Specific objectives

(1)

Procedure

(6)

Sampling

(4)

Preliminary study in Melbourne: Interviews, questionnaire and experimental study

(1)

Research: Inter-region and intra-region

(1)

Questionnaire survey

(6)

The Discourse Completion Test (DCT)

(1)

Modifications to the DCT

(3)

The advantages and disadvantages of using a DCT questionnaire

(2)

Interviewing

(2)

Types and techniques

(2)

Advantages and disadvantages of using interviews

(2)

Participant observation

(4)

The roles of a participant observer, implications and advantages

(3)

Disadvantages of participant observation

(1)

Data analysis

(1)

Summary

(1)

Concluding remarks

(2)

Request strategies used by speakers of the People's Republic of China

(46)

Introduction

(1)

Contextual variables

(5)

Analytical framework

(5)

Strategy types

(5)

Findings: Strategy types

(22)

Results and discussion: M1-Impositive

(12)

M2: Conventionally indirect

(5)

M4: Combined Strategies

(1)

M3: Hints

(1)

Discussion of results

(2)

Comparison of findings with CCSARP

(1)

Direct bald on record strategy vs hints

(2)

Findings: Strategy types and contextual factors

(8)

Results and discussion

(8)

Summary

106

(2)

Concluding remarks

108

(1)

Modification and intensification

109

(40)

Introduction

109

(6)

Descriptive categories of modification

115

(2)

Internal Modification

115

(1)

External modification

116

(1)

Descriptive categories of intensification

117

(5)

Internal intensification

117

(1)

External intensification

117

(1)

Request perspectives

118

(2)

Descriptive categories of request perspective

120

(2)

Findings

122

(13)

Supportive moves: Distribution

122

(4)

Types of supportive moves

126

(3)

Request perspectives

129

(6)

Analysis of findings

135

(3)

Internal and external modification

135

(2)

Intensification

137

(1)

Modification intensification and strategies: Findings

138

(1)

Modification, intensification and context: Findings

139

(5)

Results and discussion

144

(3)

Hypotheses

144

(1)

Request perspective as a form of intensification

145

(1)

Interaction modification and intensification with P, D, R and politeness

145

(1)

Comparison with CCSARP findings

146

(1)

Summary

147

(1)

Concluding remarks

148

(1)

Terms of address: Forms and functions

149

(36)

Introduction

149

(1)

Chinese culture and address forms

150

(3)

Asymmetrical relationships

152

(1)

Symmetrical relationships

153

(1)

Relationships emphasising in-groupness

153

(1)

Socio-political developments and semantic shifts in address forms

153

(5)

Revival of old forms: xiansheng/xiaojie

156

(1)

Emergence of new form: pengyou

157

(1)

Findings

158

(4)

Frequency distribution of address forms

158

(1)

Situational distribution of address forms

159

(3)

Address forms in context: Norms or strategies?

162

(4)

Findings

164

(2)

Results and discussion

166

(16)

Address forms as social mediators

166

(4)

Dimensions of formality vs informality and solidarity vs distance

170

(5)

Address forms as norm or strategy?

175

(4)

Semantic shifts and pragmatic meanings

179

(3)

Summary

182

(1)

Concluding remarks

183

(2)

Request strategies across societal structures and social groups

185

(58)

Introduction

185

(1)

Strategy types

185

(9)

NPRC findings

188

(3)

Conventionally indirect

191

(2)

Hints

193

(1)

Combined strategies

194

(1)

Strategy types and contextual factors

194

(5)

The interaction of M1-Impositives with context: PDR

195

(2)

The interaction of conventionally indirect strategy with PDR

197

(2)

Modification, intensification, and strategies

199

(10)

Internal modification

199

(4)

External modification

203

(1)

Intensification

204

(5)

Modification, intensification and context: PDR

209

(3)

Power: Modification and intensification

209

(1)

Social distance: Modification and intensification

210

(1)

Ranking

211

(1)

Results and discussion: Comparison with PRC findings

212

(7)

Main request strategy

212

(2)

Supportive moves

214

(4)

Contextual factors: PDR

218

(1)

Concluding remarks

219

(1)

Strategy types, supportive moves, and social factors

220

(20)

Biographical information

221

(1)

Gender: Findings

222

(9)

Age: Findings

231

(5)

Number of years in speaking/learning English as a second language

236

(4)

Summary of findings

240

(1)

Concluding remarks

241

(2)

Politeness perception of request strategies

243

(52)

Introduction

243

(3)

Politeness perception: Requestive strategies

246

(18)

Strategy types

247

(4)

The perceptions of IM and EM with main request strategy M1 and M2

251

(4)

The role of external supportive moves

255

(2)

The role of internal modification in politeness perception

257

(7)

Requests: Structual components and evaluations

264

(3)

Politeness perception: Context

267

(9)

Rights and obligations and ranking of imposition

268

(5)

Power and ranking

273

(1)

Relative social distance and ranking

274

(1)

Discussion

274

(2)

Regional differences in politeness perception

276

(15)

Analysis of findings

279

(5)

Perception of socio-cultural values: Evaluations of impositives across regional groups

284

(5)

Summary: Values and politeness perception of regional groups

289

(2)

Summary

291

(1)

Concluding remarks

292

(3)

Conclusions

295

(28)

Introduction

295

(1)

Data collection and data analysis

296

(2)

Data collection

296

(2)

Data analysis

298

(1)

Levels of directness and speech act theory

298

(3)

Request strategies and context: PDR

301

(2)

Regional and social factors

303

(2)

Regional factors

303

(1)

Social factors

304

(1)

Extending the conceptual framework: Norms, strategies and appropriacy

305

(5)

Politeness: Cross-cultural differences and implications

310

(4)

Conclusion

314

(3)

Implications for cross-cultural communication and teaching of English as a second/foreign language

317

(2)

Issues for future research

319

(4)

Appendix I

323

(2)

Appendix II

325

(10)

References

335

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