Analyzes principles and techniques for the evaluation, assessment, and optimization of reactors in the manufacturing, chemical, petrochemical, and food processing industries. Illustrates practical design procedures, rate equations, and analytical models for improved reactor performance.
Peter Harriott is F.H. Rhodes Professor of Chemical Engineering Emeritus, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York. The author or coauthor of popular texts on process control and unit operations of chemical engineering, as well as more than 80 professional publications, he is a member of the American Chemical Society and the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, among other organizations
Preface
iii
Appendix Diffusion Coefficients for Binary Gas Mixtures
ix
Homogeneous Kinetics
1
(40)
Definitions and Review of Kinetics for Homogeneous Reactions
1
(10)
Scaleup and Design Procedures
11
(3)
Interpretation of Kinetic Data
14
(11)
Complex Kinetics
25
(10)
Nomenclature
35
(1)
Problems
36
(4)
References
40
(1)
Kinetic Models for Heterogeneous Reactions
41
(40)
Basic Steps for Solid-Catalyzed Reactions
42
(1)
External Mass Transfer Control
42
(1)
Models for Surface Reaction
43
(15)
Rate of Adsorption Controlling
58
(1)
Allowing for Two Slow Steps
58
(3)
Desorption Control
61
(3)
Changes in Catalyst Structure
64
(6)
Catalyst Decay
70
(3)
Nomenclature
73
(1)
Problems
74
(4)
References
78
(3)
Ideal Reactors
81
(46)
Batch Reactor Design
82
(7)
Continuous-Flow Reactors
89
(10)
Plug-Flow Reactors
99
(21)
Pressure Drop in Packed Beds
120
(1)
Nomenclature
121
(1)
Problems
122
(3)
References
125
(2)
Diffusion and Reaction in Porous Catalysts
127
(48)
Catalyst Structure and Properties
127
(2)
Random Capillary Model
129
(1)
Diffusion of Gases in Small Pores
130
(3)
Effective Diffusivity
133
(4)
Pore Size Distribution
137
(5)
Diffusion of Liquids in Catalysts
142
(1)
Effect of Pore Diffusion on Reaction Rate
143
(20)
Optimum Pore Size Distribution
163
(5)
Nomenclature
168
(1)
Problems
169
(4)
References
173
(2)
Heat and Mass Transfer in Reactors
175
(50)
Stirred-Tank Reactor
176
(2)
Reactor Stability
178
(10)
Packed-Bed Tubular Reactors
188
(13)
Radial Heat Transfer in Packed Beds
201
(13)
Alternate Models
214
(3)
Nomenclature
217
(2)
Problems
219
(4)
References
223
(2)
Nonideal Flow
225
(32)
Mixing Times
225
(12)
Pipeline Reactors
237
(6)
Packed-Bed Reactors
243
(10)
Nomenclature
253
(1)
Problems
254
(1)
References
255
(2)
Gas--Liquid Reactions
257
(58)
Consecutive Mass Transfer and Reaction
258
(7)
Simultaneous Mass Transfer and Reaction
265
(5)
Instantaneous Reaction
270
(2)
Penetration Theory
272
(4)
Gas-Film Control
276
(1)
Effect of Mass Transfer on Selectivity
277
(3)
Summary of Possible Controlling Steps
280
(2)
Types of Gas--Liquid Reactors
282
(1)
Bubble Columns
282
(14)
Stirred-Tank Reactors
296
(12)
Packed-Bed Reactors
308
(1)
Nomenclature
308
(2)
Problems
310
(3)
References
313
(2)
Multiphase Reactors
315
(44)
Slurry Reactors
315
(18)
Fixed-Bed Reactors
333
(18)
Nomenclature
351
(1)
Problems
352
(4)
References
356
(3)
Fluidized-Bed Reactors
359
(38)
Minimum Fluidization Velocity
360
(2)
Types of Fluidization
362
(4)
Reactor Models
366
(3)
The Two-Phase Model
369
(5)
The Interchange Parameter K
374
(5)
Model V: Some Reaction in Bubbles
379
(1)
Axial Dispersion
380
(3)
Selectivity
383
(1)
Heat Transfer
384
(2)
Commercial Applications
386
(6)
Nomenclature
392
(1)
Problems
393
(2)
References
395
(2)
Novel Reactors
397
(28)
Riser Reactors
397
(6)
Monolithic Catalysts
403
(8)
Wire-Screen Catalysts
411
(6)
Reactive Distillation
417
(4)
Nomenclature
421
(1)
Problems
422
(1)
References
423
(2)
Index
425
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