City-Region 2020

The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) is the best known and most controversial of international conservation treaties. Since it came into force 25 years ago, debate has raged over its most basic assumptions. CITES treats the

Joe Ravetz is Director of the Sustainable City-Region programme at the Centre for Urban and Regional Ecology, University of Manchester.

Acknowledgements

viii

Foreword

ix

Michael Meacher

Preface

x

Peter Roberts

About this book

xi

PART I: CONTEXT

Introduction

3

(21)

Background

6

(2)

Urban environmental sustainability

8

(5)

Urban development

13

(1)

Urban sustainable development

14

(3)

Methods and tools

17

(5)

About the project

22

(2)

The State of the City-Region

24

(12)

The story so far

27

(1)

Wealth and health

28

(2)

Environment and resources

30

(2)

Sustainability assessment

32

(1)

Other city-regions

33

(3)

Trends and Prospects

36

(13)

Future scenarios

39

(3)

The shape of the city-region

42

(3)

Managing change

45

(4)

City-Region 2020

49

(14)

City centres

50

(2)

Development areas

52

(2)

Inner city areas

54

(1)

Suburban areas

55

(2)

Urban fringe and countryside

57

(1)

Economy and society

58

(5)

PART II: KEY SECTORS

The Built Environment

63

(24)

Urban form and land-use

67

(3)

The social city-region

70

(4)

Housing and households

74

(3)

Services and industry

77

(2)

Energy and environment

79

(4)

Making it happen

83

(4)

Travel and Transport

87

(20)

Transport and environment

91

(2)

Accessibility

93

(2)

Roads and traffic

95

(3)

Public transport

98

(2)

Business and freight

100

(1)

Air travel

101

(3)

Making it happen

104

(3)

Land and Ecology

107

(18)

Greening the city

111

(2)

Greening the fringe

113

(2)

Farming and food

115

(3)

Wildlife and habitat

118

(2)

Resources

120

(2)

Making it happen

122

(3)

Waste and Pollution

125

(18)

Air quality

130

(3)

Water quality

133

(2)

Land quality

135

(2)

Waste and recycling

137

(3)

Making it happen

140

(3)

Energy and Climate

143

(19)

Energy-climate strategy

147

(5)

Energy supply and demand

152

(3)

Renewable energy

155

(2)

Co-generation

157

(1)

Making it happen

158

(4)

Economy and Work

162

(29)

Sites and premises

167

(1)

Greening of business

168

(5)

Greening the economy

173

(6)

Sustainable employment

179

(4)

Sustainable livelihoods

183

(3)

Making it happen

186

(5)

PART III: PUTTING IT TOGETHER

Lifestyle and Community

191

(23)

Lifestyle and environment

196

(2)

Poverty and exclusion

198

(3)

Health and well-being

201

(3)

Crime and security

204

(3)

Education and human resources

207

(3)

Putting it together

210

(4)

Regeneration

214

(19)

Physical regeneration

221

(2)

Economy and community

223

(3)

Integrated planning

226

(3)

Regeneration strategy

229

(4)

Funding the City-Region

233

(17)

Market profiles

240

(7)

Market transformation

247

(3)

Running the City-Region

250

(21)

City and regional governance

256

(6)

Local agendas

262

(4)

Sustainable development framework

266

(5)

Summary and Conclusions

271

(10)

Signposts and next steps

275

(6)

Abbreviations and acronyms

281

(3)

Core indicators

284

(2)

Rio Principles and Agenda 21

286

(1)

References

287

(15)

Index

302

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Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials