Comparative Politics Domestic Responses to Global Challenges (with InfoTrac and CD-ROM)

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ISBN: 9780534572808 | 0534572804
Cover: Paperback
Copyright: 7/15/2002

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Discover the extraordinary diversity of the ever-changing politics of the world when you compare twelve distinctly different countries' political systems using contemporary themes of conflict, democratization, economic liberalization, globalization, and challenges. You'll realize just how politics around the globe have implications for all of us.

List of Tables

List of Figures

Preface

Acknowledgments

xviii

PART 1 INTRODUCTION

Seeking New Lands, Seeing With New Eyes

(17)

The Day the World Changed... or Did It?

(1)

Three Leaders

(3)

The State: One Focus Among Many

(3)

Politics and Power

(1)

The State

(3)

Comparative Politics

(1)

Three Templates

(4)

The Political System

(2)

Historical and Contemporary Factors

(2)

State, Society, and Globalization

(1)

Five Themes

(1)

Using This Book

(3)

InfoTrac College Edition Sources

(1)

Critical Thinking Exercises

(1)

Key Terms

(1)

Further Reading

(1)

The United States

(19)

The Longest Election

(1)

Thinking About the United States

(1)

The Making of the American State

(2)

The Constitutional Order

(1)

Trends Since the Time of Founders

(1)

The American People and Politics

(3)

The American Political Culture

(1)

The American People and Politics Today

(2)

The Weak American State

(5)

The Legislative Process

(3)

The Rest of the Weak State

(1)

Consensus Policy Making

(1)

Public Policy

(1)

Feedback

(1)

Conclusion: The Bottom Line

(2)

InfoTrac College Edition Sources

(1)

Key Terms

(1)

Critical Thinking Exercises

(1)

Further Reading

(1)

Exploring with the CD-ROM

(3)

PART 2 INDUSTRIALIZED DEMOCRACIES

The Industrialized Democracies

(24)

Quel Scandale!

(1)

Thinking About Democracy

(3)

Key Questions

(1)

The Basics

(2)

Who the Democracies Are

(1)

The Origins of the Democratic State

(4)

The Early Democracies

(1)

The Late Democracies

(2)

Political Culture and Participation

(7)

The Civic Culture?

(1)

Political Parties and Participation

(2)

New Divisions

(2)

Realignment?

(1)

Interest Groups

(1)

Political Protest

(1)

The Democratic State

(3)

Presidential and Parliamentary Systems

(2)

The Broader State

(1)

Public Policy

(2)

The Interventionist State

(1)

Foreign Policy

(1)

Feedback

(1)

Conclusion: The Worst Form of Government Except for All the Others?

(2)

InfoTrac College Edition Sources

(1)

Key Terms

(1)

Critical Thinking Exercises

(1)

Further Reading

(1)

Great Britain

(32)

The Blair Revolution?

(1)

Thinking About Britain

(3)

Key Questions

(2)

The Basics

(1)

The Evolution of the British State

(4)

Evolution, Not Revolution

(1)

The Broad Sweep of British History

(2)

The Collectivist Consensus

(1)

British Political Culture

(3)

The Civic Culture and the Collectivist Years

(1)

The Politics of Protest: Toward an Uncivic Culture?

(1)

The Civic Culture Holds

(1)

Will There Always Be a Britain?

(1)

Political Participation

(9)

The Conservatives

(2)

Labour

(2)

The Liberal Democrats

(1)

Minor Parties

(1)

The British Electorate

(1)

Interest Groups

(1)

The British State: Enduring Myths and Changing Realities

(5)

The Monarchy and the Lords: Still Dignified?

(1)

Parliamentary Sovereignty-Sort Of

(2)

Cabinet Government?

(1)

The Rest of the State

(1)

Labour and Constitutional Reform

(1)

Public Policy: The Thatcher and Blair Revolutions

(4)

The Retreat from the Commanding Heights

(1)

Blair and the Third Way

(1)

Europe

(2)

Northern Ireland

(1)

Feedback

(1)

Conclusion: Challenges to Democracy

(2)

InfoTrac College Edition Sources

(1)

Key Terms

(1)

Critical Thinking Exercises

(1)

Further Reading

(1)

France

(37)

Not a Contradiction in Terms

(1)

Thinking About France

(2)

Key Questions

(1)

The Basics

(2)

The Evolution of the French State: Centuries of Turmoil

(4)

Transformation and Division

(1)

Traditional Republican Politics: A Vicious Circle

(2)

From the Fourth to the Fifth Republic

101

(1)

French Political Culture: From Alienation to Consensus

102

(4)

Taming Political Protest

103

(2)

New Divisions

105

(1)

Political Participation

106

(7)

Renewing the Party System

106

(4)

Why These Changes Happened: The French Electoral System

110

(1)

Uncertainties at the Dawn of a New Century

111

(1)

Parity: A Victory for Feminism?

111

(1)

Interest Groups

111

(2)

The French State

113

(8)

A New Constitution for a New State

114

(2)

The Integrated Elite

116

(2)

Local Government

118

(1)

The Courts

119

(1)

The Changing Role of the State

120

(1)

Public Policy: The Pursuit of Grandeur

121

(7)

Economic Policy

121

(3)

Foreign Policy

124

(4)

Feedback

128

(1)

Conclusion: A Remarkable Turnaround

128

(3)

InfoTrac College Edition Sources

129

(1)

Key Terms

129

(1)

Critical Thinking Exercises

130

(1)

Further Reading

130

(1)

Germany

131

(34)

A Telling Snapshot

132

(1)

Thinking About Germany

133

(1)

The Basics

133

(1)

Key Questions

133

(1)

Tile Evolution of the German State: The German Questions

134

(8)

Unification and the Kaiser's Reich

135

(1)

Weimar and the Rise of Hitler

136

(2)

The Third Reich

138

(1)

Occupation and the Two Germanies

139

(2)

Building a Democratic Germany

141

(1)

Creating a Democratic Political Culture

142

(3)

Political Participation

145

(7)

Parties and the Electoral Process

145

(1)

The Christian Democrats

146

(2)

The Social Democrats

148

(1)

The Free Democratic Party

149

(1)

The Greens

150

(1)

The Party of Democratic Socialism

150

(1)

The Far Right

151

(1)

Interest Groups

151

(1)

The German State: A Smoothly Functioning Democracy

152

(6)

Chancellor Democracy

152

(1)

The Bundestag

153

(1)

The Bundesrat

154

(1)

The Federal System

154

(1)

The Civil Service

155

(1)

The Constitutional Court

155

(1)

Corporatism

156

(2)

Public Policy: Modell Deutschland

158

(4)

The Social Market Economy

158

(1)

Unification

159

(3)

Feedback

162

(1)

Conclusion: Democratization

162

(3)

InfoTrac College Edition Sources

163

(1)

Key Terms

163

(1)

Critical Thinking Exercises

163

(1)

Further Heading

164

(1)

The European Union

165

(24)

New Money and More

166

(1)

Thinking About the EU

166

(2)

What's in a Name?

166

(1)

Who's in? Who's Out?

167

(1)

Three Pillars

167

(1)

Key Questions

167

(1)

The Evolution of the EU

168

(5)

Not Such a New Idea

168

(3)

Creating the Common Market

171

(2)

Political Culture and Participation in the EU

173

(2)

The European State?

175

(7)

The Commission

175

(1)

The Council

176

(1)

The European Court of Justice

177

(2)

The European Parliament

179

(1)

The Complexity of EU Decision Making

179

(1)

Deepening and Broadening

179

(2)

The EU and National Sovereignty

181

(1)

Public Policy in the EU

182

(4)

The Internal Market

182

(2)

The Common Agricultural Policy

184

(1)

Monetary Union

184

(1)

Political Union

185

(1)

Feedback

186

(1)

Conclusion: A Balance Sheet

186

(3)

InfoTrac College Edition Sources

186

(1)

Key Terms

187

(1)

Critical Thinking Exercises

187

(1)

Further Reading

187

(2)

Japan

189

(41)

Plus a Change, Plus C'est la Meme Chose?

190

(1)

Thinking About Japan

190

(6)

The Basics

190

(3)

Political Continuity?

193

(2)

Key Questions

195

(1)

The Evolution of Japanese Politics

196

(8)

Before the West Arrived

196

(1)

The Meiji Restoration and the Rise of Imperial Japan

197

(5)

Occupation and the Contemporary Japanese State

202

(2)

Political Culture: Groupism Versus Individualism

204

(3)

Political Participation and Elections: The End of the LDP Era?

207

(7)

The LDP: Money Politics, Factionalism, and the Electoral System

207

(4)

The Other Parties

211

(1)

The Traditional Opposition

212

(1)

The New Parties

213

(1)

The Japanese State: The Iron Triangle

214

(5)

Constitutional Basics

214

(1)

The LDP in Power

215

(1)

The Iron Triangle

216

(3)

Public Policy: No Longer Number One?

219

(5)

Economic Policy

219

(4)

Foreign Policy

223

(1)

Feedback

224

(1)

Conclusion: The Need for a Strong Japan

225

(3)

InfoTrac College Edition Sources

225

(1)

Key Terms

226

(1)

Critical Thinking Exercises

226

(1)

Further Reading

226

(2)

Exploring with the CD-ROM

228

(2)

PART 3 THE CRISIS OF COMMUNISM

Current and Former Communist Regimes

230

(23)

The Relevance of ``Postcommunism''

232

(1)

Thinking About the Current and Former Communist Regimes

233

(2)

The Basics

233

(2)

Key Questions

235

(1)

Socialism, Marxism, Leninism

235

(6)

Socialism

236

(1)

Marxism

236

(2)

Marxism-Leninism

238

(1)

Stalinism

239

(1)

Expansion

240

(1)

De-Stalinization

240

(1)

The Marxist-Leninist State

241

(3)

The Party State

241

(1)

The Graying of Communism

242

(2)

The Crisis of Communism: Suicide by Public Policy

244

(4)

Reform: Too Little, Too Late

244

(1)

The Year That Changed the World

245

(2)

The Remnants of the Communist World

247

(1)

Transitions

248

(3)

(Relative) Success: Eastern and Central Europe

249

(1)

Troubled Transitions: The Former Soviet Union

249

(1)

Ethnic Conflict

249

(1)

Reform: What's Left of Marxism?

250

(1)

Feedback

251

(1)

Conclusion: The End of an Era

251

(2)

InfoTrac College Edition Sources

251

(1)

Key Terms

252

(1)

Critical Thinking Exercises

252

(1)

Further Reading

252

(1)

Russia

253

(36)

A Country in Trouble

254

(1)

Thinking About Russia

254

(3)

The Basics

255

(1)

Key Questions

256

(1)

The Evolution of the Russian State

257

(7)

The Broad Sweep of Russian History

257

(1)

The Wrong Revolution

257

(2)

Stalin, Terror, and the Modernization of the Soviet Union

259

(4)

Khrushchev, Brezhnev, and the Politics of Decline

263

(1)

The Soviet State and Its Collapse: The Gorbachev Years

264

(6)

The Party State

265

(1)

Reform

265

(4)

Crisis and Collapse

269

(1)

Birth Pangs

270

(2)

Political Culture and Participation

272

(6)

Political Culture

272

(1)

Political Parties and Elections

273

(5)

The Russian State

278

(5)

The Presidency

279

(1)

The Oligarchs

279

(1)

The Parliament

280

(1)

The Bureaucracy

281

(1)

The Judiciary

281

(1)

The Federation

282

(1)

The Military

283

(1)

The Bottom Line

283

(1)

Public Policy

283

(3)

The Economy

283

(2)

Foreign Policy

285

(1)

Feedback

286

(1)

Conclusion: Half Empty or Half Full

287

(2)

InfoTrac College Edition Sources

287

(1)

Key Terms

287

(1)

Critical Thinking Exercises

288

(1)

Further Reading

288

(1)

China

289

(37)

What Kind of Communist Party?

290

(1)

Thinking About China

291

(2)

The Basics

291

(1)

Key Questions

292

(1)

The Evolution of the Chinese State

293

(10)

The Broad Sweep of Chinese History

293

(1)

A Failed Revolution

294

(1)

China Stands Up

295

(2)

Factionalism

297

(5)

Events Since Mao's Death

302

(1)

Political Culture and Participation

303

(7)

A Blank State? A Cultural Revolution?

303

(3)

Participation from the Top Down

306

(1)

Change in the Countryside

307

(1)

Dissent

307

(3)

The Party State

310

(4)

The Basics

310

(2)

Variations on a Theme

312

(2)

Public Policy: Perestroika Without Glasnost

314

(5)

Economic Reform

314

(4)

Foreign Policy

318

(1)

Feedback

319

(1)

Conclusion: Kadan or Communism?

319

(4)

InfoTrac College Edition Sources

321

(1)

Key Terms

321

(1)

Critical Thinking Exercises

322

(1)

Further Reading

322

(1)

Exploring with the CD-ROM

323

(3)

PART 4 THE THIRD WORLD

The Third World

326

(27)

Coltan and Politics

327

(1)

Thinking About the Third World

328

(6)

Why Study the Third World?

328

(1)

The Basics

329

(4)

Key Questions

333

(1)

The Evolution of Politics in the Third World

334

(2)

Imperialism and Its Legacy

334

(1)

Independence

335

(1)

Postcolonial Problems

336

(1)

Political Culture in the Third World

336

(2)

Identity

336

(1)

Division

337

(1)

A Lack of Legitimacy

338

(1)

Political Participation in the Third World

338

(2)

Weak States

340

(3)

Types of States

340

(2)

States and Power

342

(1)

Public Policy: The Myths and Realities of Development

343

(6)

Import Substitution

344

(1)

Structural Adjustment

345

(1)

The International Financial Institutions

346

(1)

Foreign Aid

347

(1)

Microcredit

348

(1)

Feedback

349

(1)

Conclusion: Democratization

350

(3)

InfoTrac College Edition Sources

351

(1)

Key Terms

351

(1)

Critical Thinking Exercises

352

(1)

Further Reading

352

(1)

India

353

(35)

Who Gives a Dam?

354

(1)

Thinking About India

354

(4)

The Basics

355

(2)

Key Questions

357

(1)

The Evolution of Indian Politics

358

(8)

The Weight of History

358

(1)

British Colonialism

358

(2)

The Struggle for Independence

360

(3)

The New Republic

363

(1)

Centralization and Fragmentation

363

(3)

Coalition Politics

366

(1)

Political Culture

366

(3)

Challenges to Culture and Country

367

(1)

Support for the Regime

367

(1)

The Challenge of Modernization

368

(1)

Political Participation

369

(7)

The End of the Congress System

369

(3)

The BJP

372

(1)

The Other Parties

373

(1)

Interest Groups

374

(2)

The Indian State

376

(2)

The Constitution

376

(1)

Parliament

376

(1)

The Bureaucracy

377

(1)

Federalism

377

(1)

Public Policy

378

(7)

Confronting Communal Violence

379

(3)

Stimulating the Economy

382

(3)

Feedback

385

(1)

Conclusion: Democracy in India and the Third World

386

(2)

InfoTrac College Edition Sources

386

(1)

Critical Thinking Exercises

386

(1)

Key Terms

387

(1)

Further Reading

387

(1)

Iraq

388

(38)

The Axis of Evil

389

(1)

Thinking About Iraq

389

(4)

Why Study Iraq?

389

(1)

The Basics

390

(2)

Key Questions

392

(1)

The Evolution of the Iraqi State

393

(1)

Iraq's Origins

393

(1)

Independent Iraq

394

(1)

Iraqi Political Participation

394

(12)

The Kurdish Question

395

(1)

Shiite versus Sunni

396

(2)

Cultural Pluralism

398

(2)

Parochial Loyalties

400

(1)

Secrecy, Introversion, and the District of Outsiders

400

(2)

The Tradition of Political Violence

402

(1)

The Baath Elite

403

(2)

Minimal Opposition

405

(1)

An Election in Name Only?

406

(1)

The Iraqi State

406

(7)

A Primitive Cult of Personality

406

(1)

The Formal Structure of Government

407

(5)

The Informal Chain of Command: Saddam Hussein and His Kin

412

(1)

Public Policy

413

(9)

The Subordination of Policy to Power

413

(3)

Saddam's Wars: Iraq's Rise and Demise as a Regional Power

416

(6)

Feedback

422

(1)

Conclusion: Saddam Hussein and the Future of Iraq

422

(4)

Info Trac College Edition Sources

424

(1)

Key Terms

424

(1)

Critical Thinking Exercises

424

(1)

Further Reading

425

(1)

South Africa

426

(36)

A Journey toward Reconciliation

427

(1)

Thinking About South Africa

428

(3)

The Basics

428

(2)

Key Questions

430

(1)

The Apartheid State

431

(8)

The Evolution of the Apartheid State

431

(3)

Political Culture and Participation: Democracy for the Few

434

(2)

The State

436

(1)

Public Policy

437

(2)

The New South Africa

439

(20)

``Tomorrow is Another Country''

439

(1)

The Hurting Stalemate

439

(1)

The Sources of Resistance

440

(2)

The Way It Happened

442

(2)

Negotiations

444

(3)

Political Culture

447

(1)

Political Parties and Elections

448

(4)

The New South African State

452

(1)

Public Policy

453

(6)

Feedback

459

(1)

Conclusion: South Africa in Peril or a Role Model?

459

(3)

InfoTrac College Edition Sources

460

(1)

Key Terms

460

(1)

Critical Thinking Exercises

460

(1)

Further Reading

461

(1)

Mexico

462

(38)

Two Presidents

463

(1)

Thinking About Mexico

463

(3)

The Basics

463

(2)

Key Questions

465

(1)

Big Brother is Watching

465

(1)

The Evolution of Mexican Politics

466

(7)

The Colonial Era

467

(1)

Independence

467

(2)

The Revolution

469

(1)

Institutionalizing the Revolution

469

(1)

Cardenas and His Legacy

470

(1)

An Institutional Revolutionary Party

471

(2)

Political Culture

473

(2)

Political Participation

475

(6)

The PRI and Its Hold on Power

476

(2)

The Other Parties

478

(2)

The People, the PRI, and Civil Society

480

(1)

The Mexican State

481

(5)

The End of an Era?

481

(1)

Nonreelection and Presidential Domination

481

(1)

The Cabinet, the Bureaucracy, and the Judiciary

482

(2)

Congress and the Legislative Process

484

(1)

The Federal System

484

(1)

The Military

485

(1)

Corporatism and Corruption

485

(1)

Public Policy

486

(9)

Debt and Development

486

(5)

U.S.-Mexican Relations

491

(4)

Feedback

495

(1)

Conclusion: Mexico and the Third World

495

(3)

InfoTrac College Edition Sources

496

(1)

Key Terms

496

(1)

Critical Thinking Exercises

496

(1)

Further Reading

497

(1)

Exploring with the CD-ROM

498

(2)

PART 5 CONCLUSION

Danger... and Opportunity

500

(15)

Crisis

501

(1)

Danger

502

(4)

The Growing Cost of Violence and War

502

(1)

Environmental Abuse

503

(2)

The Perilous Global Economy

505

(1)

Gives Without Dignity

506

(1)

The Wheel of Fortune

506

(1)

Constraints on States and Citizens

507

(2)

Opportunity: A Change in the Way We Think

509

(3)

Conclusion: Student and Citizen

512

(3)

InfoTrac College Edition Sources

513

(1)

Key Terms

513

(1)

Critical Thinking Exercises

513

(1)

Further Reading

513

(2)

Glossary

515

(11)

Name Index

526

(4)

Subject Index

530

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Comparative Politics Domestic Responses to Global Challenges (with InfoTrac and CD-ROM)

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials