The Consensus Building Handbook; A Comprehensive Guide to Reaching Agreement

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ISBN: 9780761908449 | 0761908447
Cover: Hardcover
Copyright: 8/9/1999

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This handbook on group decision-making for those wanting to operate in a consensus fashion stresses the advantages of informal, common sense approaches to working together. It describes how any group can put these approaches into practice, and relates numerous examples of situations in which such approaches have been applied.

Preface

xiii

(4)

Introduction

xvii

Areas of Application

xviii

(2)

Common Misperceptions

(2)

About This Book

xxii

PART 1: A SHORT GUIDE TO CONSENSUS BUILDING

(58)

An Alternative to Robert's Rules of Order for Groups, Organizations, and Ad Hoc Assemblies That Want to Operate by Consensus

(58)

Lawrence Susskind

What's Wrong with Robert's Rules?

(1)

Definitions

(8)

A Complete Matrix

(7)

Section I: Helping an Ad Hoc Assembly Reach Agreement

(15)

Section II: Helping a Permanent Group or Organization Reach Agreement

(20)

Section III: Dealing with the Barriers to Consensus Building

(6)

PART 2: HOW TO BUILD CONSENSUS

(618)

Chapter 1. Choosing Appropriate Consensus Building Techniques and Strategies

(38)

Susan Carpenter

Who Initiates and Who Designs a Process

(4)

Determining Whether Consensus Building Is Appropriate

(4)

Additional Issues to Consider Before Developing a Specific Consensus Strategy

(6)

Structuring a Specific Consensus Process

(21)

Summary

(2)

Chapter 2. Conducting a Conflict Assessment

(38)

Lawrence Susskind

Jennifer Thomas-Larmer

The Practice of Confict Assessment

101

(6)

How to Conduct a Conflict Assessment

107

(1)

Identify the Parties to Be Interviewed

108

(22)

Dilemmas and Debates in the Practice of Conflict Assessment

130

(5)

Conclusion

135

(2)

Chapter 3. Designing a Consensus Building Process Using a Graphic Road Map

137

(32)

David A. Straus

The Process Design Phase

138

(2)

The Process Design Committee

140

(8)

The Graphic Road Map

148

(4)

Typical Agenda Flow for a Process Design Committee

152

(14)

Building Support for the Proposed Process Design

166

(1)

Conclusion

167

(2)

Chapter 4. Convening

169

(30)

Chris Carlson

Roles

170

(1)

The Importance of Convening: Two Examples

171

(3)

Step 1: Assess the Situation

174

(11)

Step 2: Identify and Engage Participants

185

(5)

Step 3: Locate the Necessary Resources

190

(5)

Step 4: Plan and Organize the Process

195

(1)

Special Challenges to Convening for Government Agencies

195

(2)

Conclusion

197

(2)

Chapter 5. The Role of Facilitators, Mediators, and Other Consensus Building Practitioners

199

(42)

Michael L. Poirier Elliott

Use of Convening, Facilitation, Mediation, and Dispute Systems Design in Consensus Building

201

(17)

Core Tasks of Consensus Building Practitioners

218

(12)

Selecting a Consensus Building Practitioner

230

(8)

Conclusion

238

(3)

Chapter 6. Representation of Stakeholding Interests

241

(46)

David Laws

Practice Problems

245

(27)

Conclusion: The Problem of Ratification

272

(15)

Chapter 7. Managing Meetings to Build Consensus

287

(38)

David A. Straus

The Value of Face-to-Face Meetings

289

(3)

Before a Meeting: Setting Up for Success

292

(13)

During the Meeting: Attitudes, Behaviors, and Tools

305

(16)

After the Meeting

321

(1)

Conclusion

322

(3)

Chapter 8. Producing Consensus

325

(50)

Sarah McKearnan

David Fairman

Prologue: The Task Force Meeting

325

(2)

Producing Consensus: An Analytic Framework

327

(10)

Applying the Strategies to Produce Consensus

337

(34)

Conclusion

371

(4)

Chapter 9. Joint Fact-Finding and the Use of Technical Experts

375

(26)

John R. Ehrmann

Barbara L. Stinson

Advantages of Joint Fact-Finding

377

(3)

When to Use Joint Fact-Finding Procedures

380

(6)

Who Does the Fact-Finding?

386

(5)

Building Lasting Agreements: Steps in a Joint Fact-Finding Process

391

(6)

Obstacles to Effective Joint Fact-Finding

397

(1)

Conclusion

398

(3)

Chapter 10. Making the Best Use of Technology

401

(34)

Connie P. Ozawa

Dissemination of and Access to Written Documents

403

(7)

Discussion, Debate, and Deliberation

410

(7)

Analysis

417

(6)

Computer-Based Decision-Making Technologies

423

(2)

Drafting Written Documents

425

(3)

Conclusion

428

(7)

Chapter 11. Dealing with the Press

435

(28)

James E. Kunde

Case Examples: The Extremes of Media Coverage

437

(2)

Conducting a Media Assessment

439

(15)

Dealing with the Press during and after a Process

454

(5)

Conclusion

459

(4)

Chapter 12. Dealing with Deep Value Differences

463

(32)

John Forester

Value Differences and Consensus Building: Mediation Snake Oil?

465

(14)

Setting Priorities for HIV/AIDS Prevention in Colorado: A Case Example

479

(10)

Practical Implications: Consensus Building in the Face of Value Differences

489

(6)

Chapter 13. Legal Issues in Consensus Building

495

(32)

Dwight Golann

Eric E. Van Loon

Relationship to Government Agencies and the Courts

497

(5)

Procedural Requirements Imposed by Laws and Regulations

502

(3)

Substantive Restrictions on the Power of Government Representatives

505

(5)

Disclosure Requirements and Confidentiality Protections

510

(5)

Liability Issues

515

(2)

Implementation and Enforcement Considerations

517

(5)

Conclusion

522

(5)

Chapter 14. Implementing Consensus-Based Agreements

527

(30)

William R. Potapchuk

Jarle Crocker

The Challenge of Implementation

528

(4)

Before the Party Starts: Getting to the Table

532

(9)

A Menu for Success: At the Table

541

(7)

When the Music's Over: Closing the Deal

548

(3)

After the Party's Over: Moving Forward

551

(2)

Conclusion

553

(4)

Chapter 15. Visioning

557

(34)

Carl M. Moore

Gianni Longo

Patsy Palmer

The Benefits and Pitfalls of Visioning

560

(1)

The Preconditions for Community-Wide Visioning

561

(1)

The Phases of Community-Wide Visioning

562

(19)

Variations in Visioning: Beyond the Community-Wide Approach

581

(7)

Lessons and Principles for Community-Wide Visioning

588

(3)

Chapter 16. Collaborative Problem Solving within Organizations

591

(40)

Christopher W. Moore

Peter J. Woodrow

Consensus-Based Decision Making in Organizations

594

(9)

Consensus Building and Dispute Resolution Systems Design

603

(16)

Roles of Leaders and Managers in Consensus Building

619

(9)

Conclusion

628

(3)

Chapter 17. Evaluating Consensus Building

631

(48)

Judith E. Innes

What Consensus Building Can Accomplish

634

(2)

Existing Evaluations of Consensus Building

636

(2)

The Challenge of Evaluating Consensus Building

638

(4)

Complexity Science as the Basis for a New Evaluation Framework

642

(5)

Criteria for Evaluating Consensus Building

647

(7)

Evaluation Options

654

(8)

Gathering and Analyzing Data

662

(8)

Who Should Conduct an Evaluation

670

(1)

Concluding Comments

671

(8)

PART 3: CASES AND COMMENTARIES

679

(408)

Introduction to the Cases and Commentaries

679

(6)

Michele Ferenz

Case 1. Activating a Policy Network: The Case of Mainport Schiphol

685

(26)

Peter Driessen

Mark Kishlansky

Howard Raiffa

Charles F. Sabel

Case 2. The Northern Oxford County Coalition: Four Maine Towns Tackle a Public Health Mystery

711

(32)

Sarah McKearnan

Patrick Field

Max H. Bazerman

Charles F. Sabel

Case 3. The Chelsea Charter Consensus Process

743

(30)

Susan L. Podziba

Mark Kishlansky

Jane Mansbridge

Carrie J. Menkel-Meadow

Case 4. Affordable Housing Mediation: Building Consensus for Regional Agreements in the Hartford Area

773

(28)

Lawrence Susskind

Susan L. Podziba

Sally Engle Merry

Charles F. Sabel

Case 5. San Francisco Estuary Project

801

(28)

Judith E. Innes

Sarah Connick

Carrie J. Menkel-Meadow

Case 6. Resolving Science-Intensive Public Policy Disputes: Reflections on the New York Bight Initiative

829

(30)

Scott McCreary

William Moomaw

Case 7. Negotiating Superfund Cleanup at the Massachusetts Military Reservation

859

(20)

Edward Scher

Carrie J. Menkel-Meadow

William Moomaw

Howard Raiffa

Case 8. RuleNet: An Experiment in Online Consensus Building

879

(22)

Michele Ferenz

Colin Rule

William Moomaw

Case 9. Regulatory Negotiations: The Native American Experience

901

(22)

Jan Jung-Min Sunoo

Juliette A. Falkner

Carrie J. Menkel-Meadow

Case 10. Cross-Cultural Community-Based Planning: Negotiating the Future of Haida Gwaii (British Columbia)

923

(28)

Norman Dale

Max H. Bazerman

Sally Engle Merry

Case 11. The Chattanooga Process: A City's Vision Is Realized

951

(18)

John Parr

Mark Kishlansky

Sally Engle Merry

Case 12. From City Hall to the Streets: A Community Plan Meets the Real World

969

(16)

Kate Connolly

Jane Mansbridge

Case 13. The Catron County Citizens Group: A Case Study in Community Collaboration

985

(26)

Melinda Smith

Max H. Bazerman

Case 14. Facilitating Statewide HIV/AIDS Policies and Priorities in Colorado

1011

(20)

Michael A. Hughes

John Forester

Irene Weiser

Daniel Markovits

Case 15. Finding Common Ground on Abortion

1031

(20)

Michelle LeBaron

Nike Carstarphen

Carrie J. Menkel-Meadow

Case 16. Organizational Trauma Recovery: The "God's Fellowship Community Church" Reconciliation Process

1051

(14)

David Brubaker

Sally Engle Merry

Case 17. Building Consensus for Change within a Major Corporation: The Case of Levi Strauss & Co.

1065

(22)

Judy Mares-Dixon

Julie A. McKay

Scott Peppet

Sally Engle Merry

Selected Bibliography

1087

(4)

Index

1091

(34)

About the Editors

1125

(2)

About the Contributors

1127

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The Consensus Building Handbook; A Comprehensive Guide to Reaching Agreement

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