Conservation Biology Evolution in Action

Organisms under peril from human threats are not statically awaiting rescue or extinction. Instead, many are evolving significantly in response to global change. Once thought to be rare and aberrant, cases such as industrial melanism foreshadowed a gathering transformation of the biosphere in response to human habitat alteration. That evolution, arbitrated by the interactions of genes, phenotypes, and a changing selective environment, is largely unexplored in conservation biology.

Scott P. Carroll is a professor in the department of entomology at UC Davis. He received his B.S. in Ecology from the University of Minnesota, M.S. in Zoology from the University of Oklahoma, and his Ph.D. in Biology from the University of Utah.
Charles W. Fox is a professor in the department of entomology at the University of Kentucky, Lexington. He received his B.S. in Zoology from UC Davis, and his Ph.D. at UC Berkeley. He is also coeditor of "Functional Ecology" journal, published by Blackwell on behalf of the British Ecological Society.

List of Contributors	p. x
Population Structure and Genetics of Threatened Taxa
Introduction	p. 1
The History, Purview, and Future of Conservation Genetics	p. 5
Effects of Population Size on Population Viability: From Mutation to Environmental Catastrophes	p. 16
Demographics versus Genetics in Conservation Biology	p. 35
Metapopulation Structure and the Conservation Consequences of Population Fragmentation	p. 50
The Influence of Breeding Systems and Mating Systems on Conservation Genetics and Conservation Decisions	p. 68
Conserving Biodiversity within and among Species
Introduction	p. 81
The Importance of Conserving Evolutionary Processes	p. 85
Phylogenetic Diversity and Conservation	p. 99
Genetic Considerations of Introduction Efforts	p. 116
Hybridization, Introgression, and the Evolutionary Management of Threatened Species	p. 130
Evolutionary Responses to Environmental Change
Introduction	p. 141
Evolution in Response to Climate Change	p. 145
Evolutionary Dynamics of Adaptation to Environmental Stress	p. 164
Managing Phenotypic Variability with Genetic and Environmental Heterogeneity: Adaptation as a First Principle of Conservation Practice	p. 181
Genetic Diversity, Adaptive Potential, and Population Viability in Changing Environments	p. 199
Conservation of the Coevolving Web of Life
Introduction	p. 221
The Geographic Mosaic of Coevolution and Its Conservation Significance	p. 225
The Next Communities: Evolution and Integration of Invasive Species	p. 239
Ecosystem Recovery: Lessons from the Past	p. 252
Host-Pathogen Evolution, Biodiversity, and Disease Risks for Natural Populations	p. 259
Evolutionary Management
Introduction	p. 279
Conservation Planning and Genetic Diversity	p. 281
Implications of Transgene Escape for Conservation	p. 297
Evolution and Sustainability of Harvested Populations	p. 308
References	p. 325
Index	p. 377
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Conservation Biology Evolution in Action

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