Continuous Cover Forestry Theories, Concepts and Implementation

Gain expertise in the development of healthier, more sustainable forests with this indispensable guide

Continuous Cover Forestry (CCF) is an approach to forest management with over a century of history, one which applies ecological principles to the project of developing biologically diverse, structurally complex forests. Long used as the standard forest management method in Central Europe, CCF is generating renewed interest globally for its potential to develop and sustain forests that can withstand climate change impacts, maintain forest biodiversity in the face of major ecological challenges and offer better recreation experience. There is an increasingly urgent need for forest scientists and policymakers to be familiar with the toolkit provided by CCF.

Continuous Cover Forestry: Theories, Concepts, and Implementation provides a thorough, up-to-date introduction to the theory and practice of CCF. Beginning with an overview of the method’s history and its foundational principles, the book provides detailed guidance for applying CCF methods to a range of ecological scenarios and forest types. The result is a clear, comprehensive portrait of this increasingly effective set of forestry tools.

Continuous Cover Forestry readers will also find:

• Case studies throughout showing CCF at work in real-world forests
• Detailed discussion of topics such as forest structure, transformation, silvicultural systems, training, carbon forestry, conservation and more
• R code ready to take and apply
• Simple, adaptable models for deriving quantitative guidelines for CCF woodlands

Continuous Cover Forestry is ideal for scholars and practitioners of forest science, forest ecology, conservation, and environmental management, as well as policymakers dealing with forestry or climate policy.

Arne Pommerening is Professor of Forest Science in the Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences SLU, Umeå, Sweden. He is a prolific scholar of CCF, having taught classes on this subject for more than 20 years, and from 2000 to 2011 he was involved in the introduction of CCF to the United Kingdom.

1 Introduction

1.1 When is a forest a forest?

1.2 The nature of forestry and forest management

1.3 Silvicultural regimes and types of forest management

1.4 Silvicultural analysis and planning

1.5 Continuous cover forestry – definitions, terms & semi-synonyms

1.6 Common misconceptions dispelled

1.7 The societies that shape us: Contrasting history of forestry

1.8 Ensuring sustainability: Area control versus size control

1.9 CCF in a changing world

1.10 How to introduce CCF to a new region or country?

2 How Do I get Started with CCF?

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Identifying land suitable for CCF

2.3 Starting from scratch – instant new CCF

2.4 The mission of transformation and conversion

2.5 Keeping it going: The Maintenance of CCF

2.6 Biological automation and rationalisation

3 Individual-Based Forest Management

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Definition and terms of individual-based forest management

3.3 History of individual-based forest management

3.4 How and when frame trees are selected

3.5 How frame trees are managed

3.6 Individual-based forest management for restructuring and transforming forests

4 Forest Structure – The Key to CCF

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Crown classes

4.3 Mixing species – but how and when?

4.4 Non-spatial measures of forest structure

5 Interacting with Forest Structure

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Thinnings

5.3 Regenerating forest stands with silvicultural systems

5.4 Selection System

5.5 Continuous Two-Storeyed High Forest

6 Demographic equilibrium and guidance models

6.1 Introduction

6.2 History

6.3 Static equilibrium models

6.4 Dynamic equilibrium models

6.5 Quantifying deviations

6.6 Concluding remarks

7 Putting it all together

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Forest development types

7.3 Specialised CCF management

8 Training for CCF

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Training requirements

8.3 Marteloscopes

References

A Overview of the most common principles of CCF

B Light demand of tree species

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