Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy

Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (CRRT) is the standard of care for management of critically ill patients with acute renal failure. Part of the Pittsburgh Critical Care series, Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy provides concise, evidence-based, bedside guidance about this treatment modality, offering quick reference answers to clinicians' questions about treatments and situations encountered in daily practice. Organized into sections on theory, practice, special situations, and organizational issues, this volume provides a complete view of CRRT theory and practice. Tables summarize and highlight key points, and key studies and trials are included in each chapter. The second edition has been updated to include a new chapter on the use of biomarkers to aid in patient selection and timing, extensive revisions on terminology and nomenclature to match current standards, and the most up-to-date information on newly developed CRRT machines.

Part 1: Theory

Chapter 1
The Critically Ill Patient with Acute Kidney Injury
Aditya Uppalapati and John A. Kellum

Chapter 2
History and Rationale for CRRT
Ilona Bobek and Claudio Ronco

Chapter 3
Nomenclature for Renal Replacement Therapy in Acute Kidney Injury
Mauro Neri, Jorge Cerda, Francesco Garzotto, Gianluca Villa, and Claudio Ronco

Chapter 4
Basic Principles of Solute Transport
Zhongping Huang, Jeffrey J. Letteri, Claudio Ronco, and William R. Clark

Chapter 5
Principles of Fluid Management in the ICU
Rinaldo Bellomo and Sean M. Bagshaw


Chapter 6
Indications, Timing, and Patient Selection
John A. Kellum, Raghavan Murugan, and Mitra Nadim

Chapter 7
Biomarkers for Initiation of Renal Replacement Therapy
Alexander Zarbock and Lakhmir S. Chawla

Chapter 8
Extended Indications
Rinaldo Bellomo and Ian Baldwin

Chapter 9
Dose Adequacy and Assessment
Zaccaria Ricci and Claudio Ronco

Chapter 10
Acid-base and Electrolyte Disorders
John A. Kellum

Part 2: Practice

Chapter 11
Choosing a Renal Replacement Therapy in Acute Kidney Injury
Jorge Cerdá and Claudio Ronco

Chapter 12
Vascular Access for Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy
Alexander Zarbock and Kai Singbart

Chapter 13
The Circuit and the Prescription
Rinaldo Bellomo and Ian Baldwin

Chapter 14
The Membrane: Size and Material
Zhongping Huang, Jeffrey J. Letteri, Claudio Ronco, and William R. Clark

Chapter 15
Fluids for Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy
Paul M. Palevsky and John A. Kellum

Chapter 16
Alarms and Troubleshooting
Zaccaria Ricci, Ian Baldwin, and Claudio Ronco

Chapter 17
Non Anticoagulation Strategies to Optimise Circuit Function in RRT
Ian Baldwin

Chapter 18
Anticoagulation
Rinaldo Bellomo and Ian Baldwin

Chapter 19
Regional Citrate Anticoagulation
Nigel Fealy

Chapter 20
Drug Dosing in Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy
Adrian Wong, Sandra L. Kane-Gill, and John A. Kellum

Part 3: Special Situations

Chapter 21
Renal Replacement Therapy in Children
Michael L. Moritz

Chapter 22
Therapeutic Plasma Exchange in Critical Care Medicine
Joseph E. Kiss

Chapter 23
MARS: Molecular Adsorbent Recirculating System
Nigel Fealy and Rinaldo Bellomo

Chapter 24
Sorbents
Dehua Gong and Claudio Ronco

Chapter 25
Hybrid Therapies
Dinna N. Cruz and Claudio Ronco

Part 4: Organizational Issues

Chapter 26
The ICU Environment
Ayan Sen

Chapter 27
Patient Care Quality and Teamwork
Kimberly Whiteman and Frederick J. Tasota
Chapter 28
Organizational Aspects: Developing Policies and Procedures for Continuous Renal Replacement Therapies (CRRT)
Jorge Cerdá

Chapter 29
Documentation, Billing, and Reimbursement for Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy
Kevin W. Finkel

Chapter 30
Machines for CRRT
Lakhmir S. Chawla and Claudio Ronco

Chapter 31
Quality Improvement for Continuous Renal Replacement Therapies
Ian Baldwin and Rinaldo Bellomo

Chapter 32
Educational Resources
Ian Baldwin and Kimberly Whiteman