A Course in Phonetics

The easy to understand approach builds on the basics, beginning with technical terms required for describing speech and transcription symbols before moving on to the phonetics of English and other languages.

Preface

vii

Articulatory Phonetics

1

(22)

The Vocal Organs

1

(4)

Places of Articulation

5

(3)

The Oro-Nasal Process

8

(1)

Manners of Articulation

8

(4)

The Articulation of Vowel Sounds

12

(2)

Suprasegmentals

14

(2)

Exercises

16

(7)

Phonology and Phonetic Transcription

23

(20)

The Transcription of Consonants

25

(3)

The Transcription of Vowels

28

(4)

Transcription Exercises

32

(2)

Consonant and Vowel Charts

34

(1)

Phonology

35

(4)

Exercises

39

(2)

Performance Exercises

41

(2)

The Consonants of English

43

(26)

Stop Consonants

43

(8)

Fricatives

51

(2)

Affricates

53

(1)

Nasals

54

(1)

Approximants

54

(2)

Rules for English Consonant Allophones

56

(4)

Diacritics

60

(1)

Exercises

61

(5)

Performance Exercises

66

(3)

English Vowels

69

(22)

English Phonetic Dictionaries

69

(1)

Vowel Quality

70

(8)

Unstressed Syllables

78

(2)

Tense and Lax Vowels

80

(2)

Rules for English Vowel Allophones

82

(3)

Exercises

85

(3)

Performance Exercises

88

(3)

English Words and Sentences

91

(22)

Strong and Weak Forms

91

(2)

Stress

93

(1)

Degrees of Stress

94

(4)

Sentence Stress

98

(1)

Intonation

99

(4)

Target Tones

103

(4)

Exercises

107

(4)

Performance Exercises

111

(2)

Airstream Mechanisms and Phonation Types

113

(26)

Airstream Mechanisms

113

(9)

States of the Glottis

122

(3)

Voice Onset Time

125

(6)

Summary of Glottal Actions

131

(1)

Exercises

132

(3)

Performance Exercises

135

(4)

Place Manner of Articulation

139

(22)

Places of Articulation

139

(8)

Manners of Articulation

147

(7)

Summary of Manners of Articulation

154

(1)

Exercises

155

(2)

Performance Exercises

157

(4)

Acoustic Phonetics

161

(38)

Sound Waves

161

(3)

Pitch and Frequency

164

(1)

Loudness and Intensity

165

(1)

Acoustic Measurements

166

(4)

Acoustic Analysis of Vowels

170

(9)

Acoustic Analysis of Consonants

179

(15)

Individual Differences

194

(3)

Exercises

197

(2)

Vowels and Vowel-Like Articulations

199

(26)

Cardinal Vowels

199

(5)

Secondary Cardinal Vowels

204

(2)

Vowels in Other Accents and Other Languages

206

(5)

Advanced Tongue Root (ATR)

211

(1)

Rhotacized Vowels

212

(1)

Nasalization

213

(1)

Summary of Vowel Quality

214

(1)

Semivowels

215

(2)

Secondary Articulation

217

(3)

Exercises

220

(1)

Performance Exercises

221

(4)

Syllables and Suprasegmental Features

225

(22)

Syllables

225

(6)

Stress

231

(1)

Length

232

(1)

Pitch

233

(6)

Stress, Tone, and Pitch Accent Languages

239

(2)

Exercises

241

(2)

Performance Exercises

243

(4)

Linguistic Phonetics

247

(22)

Controlling Articulatory Movements

247

(3)

The Balance between Phonetic Forces

250

(3)

The International Phonetic Alphabet

253

(4)

Feature Hierarchy

257

(6)

Performance Exercises

263

(6)

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A Course in Phonetics

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials