Criminal Evidence

Through edited cases and commentary, this book helps students gain an overview of the evidentiary rules and principles governing criminal proceedings. Edited cases are used to illustrate topics such as the examination of witnesses, demonstrative and physical evidence, the entering of testimony, and the exclusionary rule.

Introduction

ix

PART I INTRODUCTION TO CRIMINAL EVIDENCE

1

(92)

Introduction to the Law of Criminal Evidence

3

(12)

Important Aspects of the American Criminal Justice System

15

(10)

Using Evidence to Determine Guilt or Innocence

25

(16)

Direct and Circumstantial Evidence and the Use of Inferences

41

(24)

When May Government Act Against the Liberty of a Person

65

(28)

PART II WITNESSES AND THE USE OF THEIR TESTIMONY AS EVIDENCE

93

(100)

Witnesses and The Testimony of Witnesses

95

(24)

The Law of Confessions

119

(34)

Judicial Notice and Privileges Witnesses May Use

153

(24)

The Use of ``Hearsay'' in the Courtroom

177

(16)

PART III THE LAW OF SEARCH AND SEIZURE

193

(216)

The Rule of Exclusion of Evidence

195

(18)

Where the Exclusionary Rule Does Not Apply

213

(12)

What is Not a Fourth Amendment Search or Seizure by a Law Officer

225

(18)

The Law of Investigative Stops and Arrests

243

(38)

The Law Governing Police Entry into Private Premises and Homes

281

(36)

The Law of Vehicle Stops and Arrests

317

(34)

The Law Governing Identification Evidence

351

(22)

Search Warrants and Their Use

373

(18)

Wiretapping and Electronic Surveillance

391

(18)

PART IV PHYSICAL AND OTHER TYPES OF EVIDENCE

409

(60)

Physical Evidence and the Crime Scene

411

(16)

Fingerprints and DNA Fingerprints

427

(12)

Videotapes and Photographs as Evidence

439

(12)

Documents and Writings as Evidence

451

(10)

Scientific Evidence

461

(8)

Appendix A Applicable Sections of the U.S. Constitution

469

(4)

Appendix B The Uniform Rules of Evidence

473

(14)

Table of Cases

487

(12)

Index

499

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Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials