Debating Human Rights in China A Conceptual

Tracing the concept of human rights in Chinese political discourse since the late Qing dynasty, this comprehensive history convincingly demonstrates that_contrary to conventional wisdom_there has been a vibrant debate on human rights throughout the twentieth century. Drawing on little-known sources, Marina Svensson shows how these largely forgotten debates provide important perspectives on and contrasts to the official PRC line. By exploring the relationship between domestic and international human rights discourses, this study offers new insights not only into the Chinese but the Western human rights debate as well. Students and scholars of China and of human rights will find this work an important tool for understanding one of the great issues of our time.

Marina Svensson is assistant professor in the Department of East Asian Languages, Lund University

Foreword

vii

Acknowledgments

xi

Debating Human Rights in China: Introductory Perspectives

1

(20)

The Conception of Human Rights in the West: Historical Origin and Contemporary Controversies

21

(26)

Culture and Human Rights: Between Universalism and Relativism

47

(24)

China and the Introduction of Western Thought

71

(27)

Ideas of Human Rights in the Early Twentieth Century: The Quest for National Salvation

98

(31)

The New Culture Movement and Beyond: Human Rights and the Liberation of the Individual

129

(30)

The Nanking Decade, 1927-1937: Liberal and Radical Voices on Human Rights

159

(28)

Human Rights Debates in Wartime China: Between Individual Freedom and National Salvation

187

(26)

The 1950s: Human Rights Debates on Two Sides of the Taiwan Strait

213

(20)

The Domestic Challenge over Human Rights: The Democracy Wall Activists and the Official Reaction, 1978-1982

233

(28)

A Contested and Evolving Discourse: Human Rights Debates since the Late 1980s

261

(36)

The Chinese Human Rights Debate: Conclusion and Prospects

297

(22)

Glossary

319

(6)

Bibliography

325

(48)

Index

373

(16)

About the Author

389

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Debating Human Rights in China A Conceptual and Political History

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials