Decontamination of Warfare Agents Enzymatic

Based on results previously restricted for military use and inaccessible to the public, this practice-oriented handbook introduces the use of enzymes for fast and efficient decontamination of B/C weapons in various scenarios, including terrorist attacks. It draws on the internationally recognized technological leadership of the German armed forces, whose anti-B/C technology is among the most advanced worldwide. The text is rounded off with a look at future perspectives.

Andre Richardt is the head of Biological and Chemical Decontamination at the German Armed Forces Institute for Protection Technologies in Munster, Germany. Having obtained his degrees from the universities of Cologne and Freiburg, he spent most of his career working for the German armed forces in biological and chemical decontamination. He is also a lecturer at the Helmut-Schmidt-University in Hamburg and a member of various international working groups in weapons decontamination.

Marc-Michael Blum currently works in Munich as an independent contractor of the German army medical corps. He studied chemistry at the Technical University Braunschweig, the Humboldt University Berlin and the University of Birmingham, UK. As a Ph.D. candidate he worked in the group of Prof. H. Rütterjans at the J. W. Goethe University in Frankfurt on the enzyme DFPase from squid. He serves as a reserve officer at the German army NBC defense school, is a member of the Insitute of Strategic Studies in London. His research interest include enzyme mechanisms and structural biology with a recent focus on neutron diffraction. In the field of biological and chemical warfare he is interested in new decontamination and detection technologies as well as arms control and disarmament.

Foreword
Preface
List of Contributors
The History of Biological Warfare (Friedrich Frischknecht)
Introduction
Pre-Twentieth Century Examples
From World War I to World War II
Secret Projects and Cold War Allegations
Towards the Twenty-fi rst Century: Madmen on the Run
Future Threats – Science or Fiction?
Acknowledgements
History of Chemical Warfare (André Richardt)
Introduction
The Beginning
The Rise of a New Age – From WW I to WW II
The Italian – Ethiopian War
Japanese Invasion of China
The First Nerve Agents
Living with the Danger of Chemical Warfare – From WW II to 2000
The Running Madmen – Emergence of Chemical Terrorism
Monitoring and New Threats of Chemical/Biological Weapons (André Richardt and Roland Dierstein)
Introduction
International Conventions
Chemical/Biological Agent Characteristics
Asymmetric Warfare
Threat Scenarios for Chemical/biological Weapons
Biological Warfare Agents (Heiko Russmann and André Richardt)
Introduction
Biological Warfare Agents and Biological Weapons: A Division
Types of Biological Warfare Agents
The “Dirty Dozen”
Chemical Warfare Agents (Alexander Grabowski, André Richardt and Marc-Michael Blum)
Introduction
Chemical Warfare Agents and Chemical Weapons: A Differentiation
Classifi cation
Summary
Decontamination of Biological Warfare Agents (Bärbel Niederwöhrmeier and André Richardt)
Introduction
Resistance of Spores Against Stress and Basics of Inactivation
Technical Methods for Decontamination of Spore Infested Buildings
Is Clean Clean Enough or How Clean Is Clean Enough?
Decontamination of Chemical Warfare Agents (Hans-Jürgen Altmann and André Richardt)
Introduction
Defi nition of Decontamination
CW-Agent Decontamination
Decontamination Procedures
Summary and Conclusions
A Short Introduction to Enzyme Catalysis (Marc-Michael Blum)
Introduction
Thermodynamic Equilibrium, Reaction Velocities and the Need for Catalysis
Proteins and Structure – A Prerequisite for Enzyme Function
From Ligand Binding to Enzyme Activity
Enzyme Classifi cation
Kinetics of Enzyme Reactions
Enzymes for Industrial Applications
Hydrolytic Enzymes for Chemical Warfare Agent Decontamination (Marc-Michael Blum and André Richardt)
Problematic Warfare Agents and Pathways for Detoxifi cation
Hydrolysis of Warfare Agents
Early Examples of Enzymatic Decontamination
Current Hydrolytic Enzyme Systems
Squid DFPase
Paraoxonase (PON)
Organophosphorus Hydrolase (OPH) from Pseudomonas diminuta
Organophosphorus Acid Anhydrolase (OPAA) from Alteromon
Table of Contents provided by Publisher. All Rights Reserved.

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Decontamination of Warfare Agents Enzymatic Methods for the Removal of B/C Weapons

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Table of Contents

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