Democracy Realized The Progressive Alternative

Roberto Mangabeira Unger is widely regarded as one of the leading social thinkers of our time. In Democracy Realized Unger gives detailed content to a progressive and practical alternative to both neoliberalism and institutionally conservative social democracy. His efforts to inspire and develop this alternative have drawn increasing attention throughout the world as well as in his native Brazil.

Roberto Mangabeira Unger is Professor of Law at Harvard University and a political activist in Brazil

I AN ARGUMENT

1

(260)

Democratic Experimentalism in Trouble

3

(2)

What is Democratic Experimentalism?

5

(25)

Practical progress and individual emancipation

5

(5)

Democratic experimentalism and ordinary people

10

(6)

Institutional innovation

16

(4)

False necessity and alternative pluralisms

20

(7)

Plan of the book

27

(3)

Vanguards and Rearguards

30

(11)

The idea of the hierarchical distribution of production

30

(2)

Vanguardist production defined

32

(3)

Four typical situations

35

(5)

Compensating or overcoming the division between vanguard and rearguard

40

(1)

Three Programs For The Reorganization of Firms

41

(11)

The managerial program of industrial renovation

41

(3)

The social-democratic response

44

(4)

The radical-democratic alternative

48

(4)

Neoliberalism and its Discontents

52

(81)

Neoliberalism defined

52

(6)

From the micro to the macro; from the rich countries to the world at large

58

(5)

The false necessity of comparative advantage

63

(4)

The unstable relation between neoliberal economics and neoliberal politics

67

(5)

The search for alternatives to neoliberalism in the rich countries

72

(7)

The search for alternatives to neoliberalism in the developing countries

79

(5)

The seats of resistance: the large marginalized countries

84

(49)

National rebellion and international organization

84

(5)

Russia

89

(16)

China

105

(7)

Brazil

112

(21)

A Progressive Alternative

133

(119)

Two stages of an alternative

133

(6)

The early program: taxation, saving, and investment

139

(24)

Taxation redesigned

139

(9)

Pension reform

148

(2)

Saving and production

150

(13)

The early program: wages and welfare

163

(24)

Redistributive social policy and institutional innovation

163

(6)

The participation of wages in national income

169

(6)

Free capital and unfree labor: the international context of the commitment to heighten the wage take from national income

175

(7)

Social entitlements and social action

182

(5)

The early program: coordination decentralized

187

(17)

Two tasks: the mobilization of savings for investment and the diffusion of vanguardist practices

187

(1)

Antiexperimentalist illusions

188

(2)

Examples and warnings: national governments and family farms

190

(1)

Examples and warnings: strategic coordination and hard states in North East Asia

191

(6)

Examples and warnings: industrial reorganization in the rich countries

197

(2)

Economic vanguardism reoriented

199

(5)

The early program: from democratic education to social inheritance

204

(2)

The later program: redistribution and antidualism

206

(6)

Early and later programs redefined

206

(1)

The redistributive side

207

(3)

The antidualist side

210

(2)

The later program: a deepened democracy and an emancipatory school

212

(23)

The constitutionalism of accelerated politics

213

(4)

The heightening of political participation

217

(3)

The independent organization of civil society

220

(9)

The School

229

(6)

The triple gamble of democratic experimentalism

235

(17)

Program and risk

235

(2)

The risk of instability: strong politics, weak groups

237

(3)

The risk of failure in agency: the missing agent of inclusive politics

240

(6)

The risk of conflict between personal need and the demands of democracy: the ideal of personality

246

(6)

Beyond Institutions

252

(9)

Nationalism and institutional change

252

(2)

The political and the personal

254

(7)

II A MANIFESTO

261

(18)

The Constitutional Organization of Government and the Legal Framework of Electoral Politics

263

(3)

First thesis: On the history of democratic institutions

264

(1)

Second thesis: On the constitutional arrangements of government

264

(1)

Third thesis: On the reorganization of electoral politics

265

(1)

The Organization of Civil Society and the Protection of Rights

266

(5)

Fourth thesis: On the conception of fundamental rights

266

(2)

Fifth thesis: On the protection of fundamental rights

268

(1)

Sixth thesis: On the legal organization of civil society

269

(2)

The Organization of Public Finance and of the Economy

271

(4)

Seventh thesis: On public finance and the tax system

271

(1)

Eighth thesis: On the reform of the production system and of its relation to the state

272

(1)

Ninth thesis: On property rights

273

(2)

Democracy and the Left

275

(4)

Tenth thesis: On what it means to be progressive today

275

(1)

Eleventh thesis: On the interpretation of the democratic cause

276

(1)

Twelfth thesis: On the social base of the progressive parties

276

(1)

Thirteenth thesis: On the focus of institutional innovation and ideological conflict in the world

277

(2)

An Appendix on Saving and Investment

279

(10)

Zhiyuan Cui

Proper-Names Index

289

(2)

Thematic Index

291

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Democracy Realized The Progressive Alternative

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials