Emerging Trends in Chemical Applications of Lasers

Evolving laser capabilities enable discoveries in chemistry

The continued evolution of laser properties and performance has enabled the development of new capabilities in spectroscopy, imaging, and mass spectrometry, generating profound insights into the understanding of chemical species and processes. Following up on the series entitled “Chemical and Biochemical Applications of Lasers”, edited by C. Bradley Moore at the dawn of laser applications in chemical research some four decades ago, this volume highlights emerging science enabled by new applications of lasers to areas like plasmonics, ultrafast dynamics, surfaces and interfaces, microcavities, chemical biology, and ultracold chemistry. Physical chemists and other researchers looking for novel light sources for their work should find this tribute to Moore's pioneering vision inspiring and helpful.

Dr. Michael R. Berman is a program officer at the Air Force Office of Scientific Research where for 30 years he has managed a cutting-edge basic research program in the chemical sciences with an emphasis on mechanisms of chemical reactivity and energy transfer. He has been individually responsible
for investments of over $500M in chemistry programs, while shaping some of the directions of research in the physical, inorganic, and theoretical chemistry communities. This program has produced pioneering new development in chemistry in fields as diverse as molecular and ionic clusters,
applications of plasmonics to chemistry, catalysis, ionic liquids, microdroplet chemistry, atomic layer deposition, superatom chemistry, multidimensional spectroscopy, and new methods in electronic structure calculations.
Dr. Berman first worked on emerging applications of lasers to chemistry as an undergraduate with Phil Johnson at Stony Brook University doing some of the first experiments in multiphoton ionization spectroscopy of molecules, and demonstrating early uses of lasers in analytical chemistry with Dick
Zare, then at Columbia University. Dr. Berman obtained his Ph.D. at the University of California, Berkeley with C. B.Moore, and did postdoctoral work at the Naval Research Laboratory with M. C. Lin. He worked at McDonnell Douglas Research Laboratories and served as an adjunct professor at University
of Missouri - St. Louis before joining AFOSR. Dr. Berman has served three terms as an ACS Councilor (2006-2014), representing the Physical Division. He has also been an active member of the ACS Committee on Science and sits on the National Academy of Sciences Chemical Sciences Roundtable. He has
been elected a fellow of the American Chemical Society, American Physical Society, American Association for the Advancement of Science, and the Air Force Research Laboratory, and has received the Arthur S. Flemming Award and the Air Force John L. McLucas Basic Research Award.

Dr. Linda Young, Distinguished Fellow at Argonne National Laboratory and Professor (parttime) in the Department of Physics and James Franck Institute at the University of Chicago, obtained her Ph.D. at the University of California, Berkeley with C. B. Moore, did her postdoctoral studies with D. H.
Levy at the University of Chicago and joined the Physics Division at Argonne National Laboratory in 1983. She has almost 200 publications and has been honored as a fellow of the American Physical Society, Distinguished Travelling Lecturer for the Division of Laser Science, a speaker at the Nobel
Symposium on Free Electron Laser Research and with a Helmholtz International Fellowship. She served previously as the Director of the X-ray Science Division of the Advanced Photon Source, Chair of the Division of Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics and on many national and international Science
Advisory Boards, including DESY, European XFEL, Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin and Paul Scherrer Institute.
She currently leads the atomic, molecular and optical physics group at Argonne National Laboratory which specializes in research in ultrafast and ultraintense X-ray sciences. Contributions include understanding the mechanism of ultraintense X-ray interactions with matter, developing X-ray pump/X-ray
probe methodologies and observing the fastest chemical processes in the radiolysis of liquid water. Earlier research contributions include precision spectroscopy for parity violation experiments, development of atom trap trace analysis for groundwater dating and development of polarized targets for
nuclear physics.

Hai-Lung Dai received his BS from National Taiwan University and PhD (advisor C. B. Moore) From UCBerkeley and did postdoctoral research (with Robert Field and James Kinsey) at MIT. From 1984 to 2006 at the University of Pennsylvania he served as the Hirschmann-Makineni Professor, Chair of the
Chemistry Department, and the founding Director of the Penn Science Teacher Institute. In 2007 he moved to Temple University as Laura H. Carnell Professor and served as Dean of the College of Science and Technology and Provost and is now the Vice President for International Affairs. Dai has
published more than 200 papers in fields of molecular spectroscopy and dynamics, surface and colloidal sciences, and biophysics. His laboratory develops new laser-based spectroscopic and microscopic methods for studying topics such as energy transfer of highly excited molecules, reactions at
nanoparticle surfaces, and transport at living cell membranes. The academic honors he has received include the Coblentz Award in Spectroscopy, the Ellis Lippincott Award in Molecular Spectroscopy (Optical Society of America and Society of Applied Spectroscopy), the Langmuir Lecturer Award from the
Division of Surface and Colloidal Science of the American Chemical Society, a Humboldt Fellowship for Senior US Scientist from Germany, and the Morino Lectureship in Japan. He is a fellow of the American Physical Society and the American Chemical Society. His other honors include the Knight of the
Order of the Italian Star from the Government of Italy, the Michael P. Malone International Leadership Award from the Association of Public and Land Grant Universities, and a Distinguished Alumi Award from National Taiwan University. In 2019, the Journal of Physical Chemistry published a Festschrift
in honor of his 65th birth year.

Preface

Chapter 1: Elucidation of Molecular Dynamics by Extreme Ultraviolet and Soft X-ray Transient-
Absorption Spectroscopy, Valeriu Scutelnic and Stephen R. Leone

Chapter 2: X-ray Free-Electron Lasers: A New Tool for Atomic, Molecular and Chemical
Dynamics, Phay J. Ho, Gilles Doumy, and Linda Young

Chapter 3: Multi-plate Supercontinuum Generation and Application, Andy Kung

Chapter 4: Optical Frequency Combs for Molecular Spectroscopy, Kinetics, and Sensing, Julia H. Lehman and Marissa L. Weichman

Chapter 5: Ultrafast Multidimensional Spectroscopy to Probe Molecular Vibrational Polariton
Dynamics, Wei Xiong

Chapter 6: Practical Aspects of 2D IR Microscopy, Clara A. Tibbetts, Autumn B. Wyatt, Bradley M. Luther, and Amber T. Krummel

Chapter 7: 2D White-Light Spectroscopy: Application to Lead-Halide Perovskites with Mixed Cations, Miriam Bohlmann Kunz, Jessica T. Flach, Andrew C. Jones, Hui-Seon Kim, Anders Hagfeldt, and Martin T. Zanni

Chapter 8: Light Matter, Hrvoje Petek, Yanan Dai, Atreyie Ghosh, Andi Li, Zhikang Zhou, Marcel Reutzel, Sena Yang, and Chen-Bin Huang

Chapter 9: Nonlinear Light Scattering from Buried Interfaces: Fundamentals and Applications, Michael J. Wilhelm and Hai-Lung Dai

Chapter 10: Advances in Vibrational Stark Shift Spectroscopy for Measuring Interfacial Electric Fields, Sohini Sarkar, Cindy Tseng, Anwesha Maitra, Matthew J. Voegtle, and Jahan M. Dawlaty

Chapter 11: Chemical Imaging by Stimulated Raman Scattering Microscopy, Xiaoqi Lang and Wei Min

Chapter 12: Emerging Trends in Super-resolution Imaging: How Lasers Light the Way, Katherine A. Willets

Chapter 13: Applications of Lasers and Mass Spectrometry in Molecular Spectroscopy and Molecular Structure Determination, Timothy L. Guasco and Mark A. Johnson

Chapter 14: High Resolution Infrared Spectroscopy of Highly Reactive Chemical Intermediates: Berkeley Inspiration and a C.B. Moore Retrospective, David J. Nesbitt, Ya-Chu Chan, and Andrew Kortyna

Chapter 15: Modern Techniques, Modern Concepts, and Molecules Doing Stuff, Robert W. Field and Arthur G. Suits

Chapter 16: Heterogeneous Plasmonic Photocatalysis: Light-Driven Chemical Reactions Introduce a New Approach to Industrially-Relevant Chemistry, Hossein Robatjazi, Lin Yuan, Yigao Yuan, and Naomi J. Halas

Chapter 17: Chemistry Using Coulomb Crystals, Brianna R. Heazlewood and Heather J. Lewandowski

Chapter 18: Quantum Coherence in Chemical and Photobiological Systems, Jacob S. Higgins, William R. Hollingsworth, Lawson T. Lloyd, and Gregory S. Engel

Editors' Biographies
Author Index
Subject Index