Empedocles: An Interpretation

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ISBN: 9780415967006 | 0415967007
Cover: Hardcover
Copyright: 1/5/2004

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Offers the first complete reinterpretation of Empedocles one of the founding figures of Western philosophy since the publication of the Strasbourg papyrus in 1999 brought new fragments of his lost work to light.

Preface and Acknowledgments

Abbreviations

xiii

Chapter I The Single-Work Hypothesis

(30)

1. The Unity of Empedocles' Thought

(5)

2. The Case for the Single-Work Hypothesis

(9)

3. The Two Titles

(16)

Chapter II The Framework: Proem and Doctrine

(42)

1. A Single Theory of Everything

(3)

2. The Direct Evidence for Empedocles' Proem

(4)

3. Indirect Evidence for Empedocles' Proem: Sedley's Thesis

(6)

a. The Hymn to Venus

(1)

b. The Address to Memmius and the Semina Rerum

(2)

c. The Sacrifice of Iphigenia

(1)

d. General Precepts

(1)

4. Proposed Reconstruction

(29)

a. The Division by Addressees: Plural and Singular

(1)

b. Fragments Addressed to Plural Addressees

(5)

c. Fragments with a Single Addressee

(22)

Chapter III Interpreting the Framework

(36)

1. The Proem and Doctrine: Difficulties of Interpretation

(15)

a. Gods and Men

(1)

b. The Aim of the Present Section

(1)

c. A Preliminary Objection: Aristotle on the Presocratics

(1)

d. The Proems of Parmenides and Lucretius

(1)

e. The Function of a Proem

(3)

f. Empedocles' Divinity according to B 112, B 115, and B 17/ensemble a

(9)

2. Pedagogical Strategies and Protreptic Philosophical Works

(21)

a. Plato and Empedocles as Representatives of the Hierarchical Tradition of Thought

(12)

b. Protreptic Philosophical Works: Rhetorical Features in Empedocles' Proem

100

(9)

Chapter IV The Persuasion of Empedocles

109

(72)

1. General Remarks: Empedocles' Heroic Synthesis

109

(7)

2. Bacchics, Orphics, and Pythagoreans

116

(13)

a. Three Related Movements

116

(4)

b. The Afterlife: A Basic Typology

120

(3)

c. Orphic or Pythagorean?

123

(3)

d. Empedocles' Rational Theology and Eschatology

126

(3)

3. Parmenides' Poem: Unity by Exclusion

129

(15)

a. A Defense of the Current Consensus

131

(6)

b. A First Contrast: ßios

137

(1)

c. First and Second Order

138

(6)

4. Historical Interlude: Divine and Mortal Knowledge

144

(8)

a. Poetic Pessimism and Causal "Overdetermination": Pindar

145

(1)

b. The Homeric Gods before the Unity of All Things: Two Types of Response

146

(1)

c. Xenophanes on Knowledge

147

(1)

d. Heraclitus: God's-Eye View and Geometrical Mean

148

(4)

5. Empedocles' Response to Parmenides: The Continuity of Thought

152

(18)

a. Divine and Mortal Thought in Parmenides

152

(1)

b. Ancient and Modern Critiques of Parmenides

153

(6)

c. Empedocles' First Principles as Thinking Beings

159

(4)

d. Empedocles on Mortal and Divine Thought

163

(7)

6. Intelligible Order: B 17/ensemble a

170

(11)

Conclusion

181

(12)

1. Widening Gaps

181

(3)

2. Clarification and Elaboration in B 21, 23, 26, and 35

184

(9)

Notes

193

(57)

Appendix

250

(7)

Bibliography

257

(18)

Index Locorum

275

(12)

Selective General Index

287

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Empedocles: An Interpretation

Summary

Table of Contents

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