Environmental Principles And Policies

** Major new textbook on all aspects of environmental principles and policies by renowned author and lecturer Sharon Beder ** Critical and interdisciplinary approach to analysis of environmental problems, including social, equity and market-based perspectives, covering climate change, pollution, fisheries and water ** Ideal course text for environmental studies, politics, business and related fields, with comprehensive international coverage, boxed cases and further reading for each chapter'provides a challenging approach for students This textbook takes a holistic, interdisciplinary and analytical approach to the development, implementation and impact of environmental policies that govern our relationship with the environment. It provides comprehensive coverage and clear explanation of principles including sustainability, the precautionary principle, public participation, equity and polluters pays. It also covers how principles are applied in real life to a range of issues from persistent chemical pollution to climate change to fishing rights and watershed usage as well as full coverage of economic approaches--including cost-benefit analysis and emissions, pollution, and ecosystem services trading. Environmental Principles and Policies is easily accessible, using non-technical language throughout, and--in what sets it apart form others on environmental policy-making--it takes a critical and interdisciplinary approach. It does not set out policies in a descriptive or prescriptive way, but analyzes and evaluates policy options from a variety of perspectives. This enables readers to gain a thorough grasp of important principles and current policies, as well as demonstrating how principles can be used to critical assess environmental policies.

Introduction	p. 1
Principles	p. 2
Policies	p. 6
Environmental Protection Principles
The Sustainability Principle	p. 12
Limits to growth	p. 13
Sustainability in the 1980s	p. 17
Carrying capacity	p. 20
Ecological footprint	p. 25
Continuing debate	p. 30
Further reading	p. 31
The Polluter Pays Principle	p. 32
Functions of the polluter pays principle	p. 37
Liability	p. 39
Extended producer responsibility	p. 44
Further reading	p. 46
The Precautionary Principle	p. 47
Shifting the burden of proof	p. 48
Nature of the precautionary principle	p. 51
Threat to desired level of protection	p. 53
Scientific uncertainty	p. 56
Measures to be taken	p. 62
Legislation	p. 64
Further reading	p. 67
Social Principles and Environmental Protection
The Equity Principle	p. 70
Intragenerational equity	p. 71
Intergenerational equity	p. 80
What should be sustained?	p. 85
Further reading	p. 89
Human Rights Principles	p. 91
Role of environmental protection	p. 94
Environmental human rights	p. 101
Further reading	p. 104
The Participation Principle	p. 105
The right to know	p. 106
Public participation	p. 116
Further reading	p. 121
Economic Methods of Environmental Valuation
Measuring Environmental Value	p. 124
National accounts	p. 126
Cost-benefit analysis	p. 129
Environmental valuation in practice	p. 134
Further reading	p. 137
Is Monetary Valuation Principled?	p. 138
The participation principle	p. 138
The equity principle	p. 143
Human rights principles	p. 147
The sustainability principle	p. 148
The precautionary principle	p. 151
Economic Instruments for Pollution Control
Prices and Pollution Rights	p. 156
Price-based measures	p. 158
Tradeable pollution rights	p. 161
Global warming measures	p. 168
Further reading	p. 173
The Sustainability Principle and Economic Instruments	p. 174
Setting the baseline or cap	p. 176
Phoney reductions	p. 178
Monitoring and enforcement	p. 182
Perpetuating bad practices	p. 187
The Polluter Pays and Precautionary Principles Applied	p. 192
The polluter pays principle	p. 192
The precautionary principle	p. 199
Rights, Equity and Participation Principles Applied	p. 204
Human rights principles	p. 204
The equity principle	p. 210
The participation principle	p. 216
Markets for Conservation
Quotas, Trades, Offsets and Banks	p. 222
Tradeable fishing rights	p. 223
Water trading	p. 226
Salinity trading and offsets	p. 230
Mitigation banking	p. 231
Further reading	p. 238
The Sustainability Principle and Conservation Markets	p. 239
Fisheries trading	p. 239
Water allowance trading	p. 245
Mitigation banking	p. 249
The Equity, Participation and Precautionary Principles Applied	p. 257
The equity principle and tradeable fishing quotas	p. 257
The equity principle and water trading	p. 264
The participation principle	p. 266
The precautionary principle	p. 268
Conclusion	p. 275
Bibliography	p. 279
Index	p. 297
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Environmental Principles And Policies

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