Essentials of Cultural Anthropology (with InfoTrac)

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ISBN: 9780534586263 | 0534586260
Cover: Paperback
Copyright: 6/22/2001

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This text is a brief, more affordable version of the Peoples and Bailey, HUMANITY: AN INTRODUCTION TO CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY, Fifth Edition (2000). Its coverage of core topics, smaller size, and economical price make it well suited for instructors who wish to adopt a core text along with supplemental texts such as readers and ethnographies. The text shares, in a briefer format, the same rich characteristics that made HUMANITY a best-seller over the years: strong scholarship, rich ethnographic examples and a unique focus on modern ethnicity and the survival of indigenous peoples.

The Study of Humanity

(13)

Subfields of Anthropology

(5)

Physical Anthropology

(2)

Archaeology

(1)

Cultural Anthropology

(1)

Anthropological Linguistics

(1)

Applied Anthropology

(1)

Cultural Anthropology Yesterday and Today

(1)

Anthropological Perspectives

(2)

Holistic Perspective

(1)

Comparative Perspective

(1)

Relativistic Perspective

(1)

The Value of Anthropology

(1)

Summary

(1)

Key Terms

(1)

Suggested Readings

(1)

Culture

(14)

A Definition of Culture

(4)

Shared...

(1)

...Socially Learned...

(1)

...Knowledge...

(1)

...and Patterns of Behavior

(2)

Cultural Knowledge

(4)

Norms

(1)

Values

(1)

Symbols

(2)

Classifications of Reality

(1)

World Views

(1)

Culture, Biology, and Human Life

(2)

Summary

(1)

Key Terms

(1)

Suggested Readings

(1)

Culture and Language

(20)

The Power of Language

(2)

How Language Works

(5)

Sound Systems

(2)

Variations in Sound Systems

(1)

Words and Meanings

(1)

Language and Culture

(6)

Language and Cultural Classifications of Reality

(1)

Language as a Reflection of Culture

(2)

Language and World Views

(1)

Social Uses of Speech

(4)

The Power of Language and the Language of Power

(2)

Summary

(1)

Key Terms

(1)

Suggested Readings

(1)

Studying Culture: Approaches and Methods

(23)

Nineteenth Century: Origins

(3)

Early Twentieth Century: Development

(4)

American Historical Particularism (ca. 1900-1940)

(2)

British Functionalism (ca. 1920-1950)

(2)

Mid-Century Evolutionary Approaches (ca. 1940-1970)

(1)

Anthropology Today: Divisions

(4)

Materialism

(1)

Idealism

(2)

Methods of Studying a Culture: Ethnographic Fieldwork

(7)

In the Field: Procedures

(2)

In the Field: Problems

(4)

Summary

(1)

Key Terms

(1)

Suggested Readings

(2)

Adaptation: Environment and Cultures

(25)

Understanding Human Adaptation

(2)

Hunting and Gathering

(5)

Foraging and Culture

(4)

Domestication

(1)

Agriculture

(8)

Horticulture

(1)

Cultural Consequences of Horticulture

(2)

Intensive Agriculture

(2)

Cultural Consequences of Intensive Agriculture

(2)

Pastoralism

(5)

Advantages of Herding

(2)

The Karimojong: An Example from East Africa

(2)

Conclusion: Adaptation and Culture

(1)

Summary

(1)

Key Terms

(1)

Suggested Readings

(2)

Exchange and Economic Systems

(14)

Reciprocity

(4)

Generalized Reciprocity

(1)

Balanced Reciprocity

(3)

Negative Reciprocity

101

(1)

Reciprocity and Social Distance

101

(1)

Redistribution

102

(1)

Market Exchange

103

(5)

Money

103

(3)

Marketplaces

106

(2)

Summary

108

(1)

Key Terms

109

(1)

Suggested Readings

109

(1)

Domestic Life

110

(17)

Definitions

111

(1)

Marriage: Definitions and Functions

111

(3)

Nayar ``Marriage''

113

(1)

Marriage: A Cross-Cultural Perspective

114

(7)

Marriage Rules

114

(1)

How Many Spouses?

115

(3)

Marriage Alliances

118

(1)

Marital Exchanges

119

(2)

Kinship Diagrams

121

(1)

Postmarital Residence Patterns

121

(2)

Family and Household Forms

123

(2)

Summary

125

(1)

Key Terms

126

(1)

Suggested Readings

126

(1)

Kinship

127

(20)

Kinship

128

(2)

Significance of Kinship

128

(2)

Form of Descent

130

(1)

Unilineal Descent

131

(5)

Unilineal Descent Groups

132

(2)

Descent Groups in Action

134

(2)

Cognatic Descent

136

(2)

Bilateral Descent

138

(1)

Influences on Kinship Systems

138

(1)

Kinship Terminology

139

(6)

Varieties of Kinship Terminology

140

(2)

Determinants of Kinship Terminology

142

(3)

Summary

145

(1)

Key Terms

146

(1)

Suggested Readings

146

(1)

Gender

147

(26)

Cultural Construction of Gender

148

(4)

The Hua of Papua New Guinea

149

(3)

Gender Crossing and Multiple Gender Identities

152

(5)

Cross-Gender Occupation or Work Roles

155

(1)

Transvestism

155

(1)

Associations with Spiritual Powers

155

(1)

Same-Sex Relations

156

(1)

The Sexual Division of Labor

157

(7)

Understanding Major Patterns

158

(4)

Understanding Variability

162

(2)

Gender Stratification

164

(7)

Universal Subordination?

166

(1)

Influences on Gender Stratification

167

(3)

Gender Stratification in Industrial Societies

170

(1)

Summary

171

(1)

Key Terms

172

(1)

Suggested Readings

172

(1)

Politics and Social Inequality

173

(24)

Systems of Equality and Inequality

174

(4)

Egalitarian Societies

174

(1)

Ranked Societies

175

(1)

Stratified Societies

176

(2)

Castes in Traditional India

178

(1)

Classes in Industrial Societies: The United States

179

(2)

Forms of Political Organization

181

(7)

Bands

182

(3)

Tribes

185

(1)

Chiefdoms

186

(1)

States

187

(1)

Social Control and Law

188

(1)

Social Control

188

(1)

Law

189

(1)

Legal Systems

189

(5)

Self-Help Systems

189

(2)

Court Systems

191

(3)

Summary

194

(1)

Key Terms

195

(1)

Suggested Readings

195

(2)

Religion and World View

197

(22)

Defining Religion

198

(6)

Supernatural Powers: Beings and Forces

198

(1)

Teachings

198

(1)

Rituals

199

(2)

Rites of Passage

201

(3)

Types of Religious Organizations

204

(5)

Individualistic Cults

204

(1)

Shamanistic Cults

205

(1)

Communal Cults

206

(2)

Ecclesiastical Cults

208

(1)

Theories of Religion

209

(4)

Intellectual/Cognitive

210

(1)

Psychological

211

(1)

Social

212

(1)

Sorcery and Witchcraft

213

(4)

Sorcery

213

(1)

Witchcraft

214

(1)

Interpretations of Sorcery and Witchcraft

215

(2)

Summary

217

(1)

Key Terms

217

(1)

Suggested Readings

217

(2)

Art and the Aesthetic

219

(15)

The Pervasiveness of Art

220

(1)

Forms of Artistic Expression

221

(8)

Body Arts

221

(4)

Visual Arts

225

(1)

Performance Arts

226

(3)

Art and Culture

229

(3)

Secular and Religious Art

229

(1)

Art and Gender

230

(1)

Social Functions of Art

231

(1)

Summary

232

(1)

Key Terms

233

(1)

Suggested Readings

233

(1)

Globalization and Ethnicity

234

(16)

The Modern World

235

(11)

The Global Economy

236

(3)

Demographic Changes and the Global Economy

239

(3)

Ethnicity and Conflict

242

(4)

The Consequences of an Interdependent World

246

(2)

Summary

248

(1)

Key Terms

248

(1)

Suggested Readings

249

(1)

The Future of Indigenous Peoples

250

(14)

Indigenous Peoples Today

251

(3)

Vanishing Knowledge

254

(5)

Medicines We Have Learned

255

(1)

Adaptive Wisdom

256

(2)

Cultural Alternatives

258

(1)

Summary

259

(1)

Key Terms

260

(1)

Suggested Readings

260

(2)

appendix

Anthropology and the Internet

262

(2)

notes

264

(4)

glossary

268

(6)

bibliography

274

(9)

photo credits

283

(1)

index

284

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Essentials of Cultural Anthropology (with InfoTrac)

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials