Ethnicity and Psychopharmacology Volume 19#4

Ethnicity and Psychopharmacology addresses the most relevant theoretical and clinical aspects of ethnopsychopharmacology, with the aim of advancing this growing field well into the twenty-first century. Detailed are the pharmacogenetic, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic mechanisms involved in differing responses to drug treatment among various ethnic groups living in the United States. Readers will learn an integrative approach in which ethnic and cultural diversity and biological diversity are taken into account and treatment is tailored to specific individual characteristics.

Pedro Ruiz, M.D., is Professor and Vice Chair of the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at the University of Texas Medical School at Houston in Houston, Texas.

Contributors

ix

Introduction to the Review of Psychiatry Series

xi

John M. Oldham

Michelle B. Riba

Foreword

xv

Pedro Ruiz

Psychopharmacotherapy in the Context of Culture and Ethnicity

1

(36)

Keh-Ming Lin

Michael W. Smith

Pitfall of the Color-Blind Approach

2

(2)

Cultural Context of Psychopharmacotherapy

4

(8)

Biological Diversity and Psychotropic Responses

12

(12)

Summary and Future Research Directions

24

(3)

References

27

(10)

Issues in Pharmacotherapy for African Americans

37

(18)

William B. Lawson

Affective Disorders

37

(2)

Anxiety Disorders

39

(2)

Schizophrenia

41

(1)

Pharmacological Factors and Adverse Events

42

(4)

Research and Accessibility

46

(1)

Conclusion

47

(1)

References

47

(8)

The Hispanic Response to Psychotropic Medications

55

(36)

Ricardo Mendoza

Michael W. Smith

Hispanic Subpopulations: Similar Origins, Divergent Histories

56

(2)

Pharmacogenetics and Genetic Polymorphisms of Drug-Metabolizing Enzymes

58

(3)

Pharmacogenetic Findings in Asians, Africans, and Spaniards: Implications for Today's Hispanics

61

(2)

CYP2C19

63

(1)

Cytochrome P450 Enzyme System

64

(5)

Clinical Observations

69

(5)

Improving Pharmacological Response: Integrating Culture and Biology

74

(5)

Conclusion

79

(3)

References

82

(9)

Ethnopsychopharmacology for Asians

91

(24)

Edmond H. Pi

Gregory E. Gray

Pharmacogenetics

91

(1)

Pharmacokinetics

91

(3)

Pharmacodynamics

94

(1)

Asian Culture and Attitudes Toward Mental Illness

95

(1)

Antipsychotics

96

(5)

Antidepressants

101

(4)

Benzodiazepines

105

(1)

Lithium

106

(1)

Recommendations and Conclusions

106

(2)

References

108

(7)

Ethnopsychopharmacology in the Public Sector

115

(16)

Roy V. Varner

Pedro Ruiz

David R. Small

Ethnopsychopharmacological Background

116

(1)

Houston Public Sector

117

(1)

Public Sector-Studies

118

(8)

Discussion

126

(1)

Conclusion

126

(1)

References

127

(4)

Afterword

131

(2)

Pedro Ruiz

Index

133

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Ethnicity and Psychopharmacology Volume 19#4

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials