Everyday Morality An Introduction to Applied Ethics

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ISBN: 9780495007081 | 0495007080
Cover: Paperback
Copyright: 2/9/2006

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Find out how to use ethics in your own life with EVERYDAY MORALITY: AN INTRODUCTION TO APPLIED ETHICS. By looking at how everyday practical situations require an ethical response, you'll start to discover how to use what you're learning to lead a more rich and productive life. Whether it's hot topics like abortion or euthanasia, or more common situations like addiction, community service, or money management, EVERYDAY MORALITY: AN INTRODUCTION TO APPLIED ETHICS teaches you how to handle each situation the right way. And because it's full of study tools, this ethics textbook helps you out in class also.

Preface

PART ONE Character and Conduct

(50)

Morality and Self-Interest

(14)

What Is Morality?

(2)

Applied Ethics

(1)

Ethical Subjectivism

(2)

Ethical Egoism

(3)

Psychological Egoism

(1)

Self-Fulfillment

(2)

Discussion Topics

(1)

Suggested Readings

(2)

Theories of Right Action

(19)

Aims of Ethical Theories

(1)

Act-Utilitarianism

(3)

Rule-Utilitarianism

(2)

Rights Ethics and Liberty

(1)

Rights Ethics and Welfare

(2)

Duty Ethics and Respect for Persons

(2)

Duty Ethics and Prima Facie Duties

(2)

Which Theory Is Best?

(1)

Pragmatism

(2)

Discussion Topics

(2)

Suggested Readings

(1)

Theories of Virtue

(16)

Human Nature and Virtue Theories

(1)

Plato: Moral Health

(1)

Aristotle: Rational Emotions and Desires

(4)

Difficulties with Greek Ethics

(1)

Aquinas: Religious Virtues

(1)

Hume: Benevolence and Sympathy

(1)

From Theory to Practice

(1)

MacIntyre: Self-Knowledge and Social Goods

(2)

Pincoffs: Choices Among Persons

(2)

Discussion Topics

(1)

Suggested Readings

(2)

PART TWO Multicultural Ethics

(54)

Diversity and Relativism

(14)

Ethical Conventionalism

(4)

Sheer-Diversity Argument

(1)

Group Survival Argument

(1)

Group-Authority Argument

(1)

Tolerance Argument

(1)

Ethical Pluralism

(2)

Multiple Goods and Emphases

(1)

Self-Fulfillment Argument

(1)

Conceptual Relativism

(1)

Multiculturalism

(2)

Disabilities and Diversity

(1)

Discussion Topics

(2)

Suggested Readings

(1)

Religious Ethics

(11)

Motivation: Surrender, Community, and Karma

(2)

Guidance: The Golden Rule

(2)

Ideals and Exemplars

(2)

Justification: Divine Command Ethics

(1)

Moral Critiques of Religion

(1)

Discussion Topics

(2)

Suggested Readings

(1)

Feminism

(14)

Gender Roles

(2)

Care Ethics

(4)

Language

(2)

Rape

(1)

Sexual Harassment

(2)

The Workplace

(1)

Academia

(1)

Discussion Topics

(2)

Suggested Readings

(1)

Race and Ethnic Identity

(14)

Racism, Race, and Ethnicity

(2)

Explaining Racism

(2)

Moral Perspectives

(1)

Psychological--Sociological Perspectives

(1)

Biological Perspectives

(1)

Assimilationist and Pluralistic Ideals

(1)

Culture Wars

(2)

Speech Codes

(2)

Affirmative Action

100

(2)

Discussion Topics

102

(1)

Suggested Readings

103

(2)

PART THREE Life and Death

105

(59)

Abortion

106

(12)

Issue 1: Are Fetuses Persons?

107

(4)

Conservatives

107

(2)

Liberals

109

(1)

Moderates

110

(1)

Issue 2: Balancing Moral Reasons

111

(2)

Conflicting Rights: Liberals Versus Conservatives

111

(1)

Moderates

112

(1)

Issue 3: Laws and Government Policies

113

(2)

Discussion Topics

115

(2)

Suggested Readings

117

(1)

Suicide and Euthanasia

118

(12)

What Is Suicide?

119

(1)

Is Suicide Ever Justified?

120

(2)

Preventing Suicide

122

(1)

Assisting Suicide

123

(1)

Euthanasia

124

(1)

Active Euthanasia, Mercy, and Autonomy

125

(2)

Discussion Topics

127

(1)

Suggested Readings

128

(2)

Animals

130

(11)

Animals as Companions

130

(2)

No Moral Worth

132

(2)

Full Moral Status

134

(2)

Partial Moral Status

136

(2)

Discussion Topics

138

(1)

Suggested Readings

139

(2)

Environment

141

(12)

Human-Centered Ethics

141

(2)

Nature-Centered Ethics

143

(4)

Sentientist Ethics

143

(1)

Biocentric Ethics

144

(1)

Ecocentric Ethics

145

(2)

From Theory to Practice

147

(3)

Discussion Topics

150

(2)

Suggested Readings

152

(1)

Terrorism and Evil

153

(11)

Understanding Evil

153

(3)

Evaluation and Explanation

156

(1)

Terrorism and Just War

156

(3)

Peacemaking

159

(1)

Compromise

160

(1)

Discussion Topics

161

(2)

Suggested Readings

163

(1)

PART FOUR Moral Autonomy and Mental Health

164

(65)

Self-Respect

165

(14)

Masochism

165

(1)

Self-Deprecation

166

(2)

Irrational Shame and Guilt

168

(2)

Responsibilities to Oneself

170

(2)

Self-Respect Versus Self-Esteem

172

(3)

Snobbery

175

(1)

Discussion Topics

176

(2)

Suggested Readings

178

(1)

Self-Knowledge and Self-Deception

179

(11)

Self-Knowledge

179

(1)

Self-Deceiving Tactics

180

(1)

Paradoxes

181

(2)

Responsibility

183

(1)

Self-Respect, Self-Esteem, and Immorality

184

(3)

Discussion Topics

187

(2)

Suggested Readings

189

(1)

Self-Control and Courage

190

(15)

Loss of Self-Control

190

(1)

Paradoxes

191

(2)

Inner Conflict and Self-Respect

193

(1)

Excuses

194

(2)

Forms of Courage

196

(1)

Courage, Cowardice, and Fear

197

(1)

A Definition of Courageous Actions

198

(1)

The Good of Courage

199

(1)

Emotional Intelligence

199

(3)

Anger

200

(1)

Hatred

200

(1)

Envy

201

(1)

Discussion Topics

202

(1)

Suggested Readings

203

(2)

The Therapeutic Trend

205

(13)

The Therapeutic Trend in Ethics

206

(2)

Nietzsche's Therapeutic Critique of Morality

208

(1)

Freud's Therapeutic Critique

209

(2)

Integrating Morality and Therapy

211

(2)

Determinism and Responsibility

213

(2)

Discussion Topics

215

(1)

Suggested Readings

216

(2)

Drug Abuse

218

(11)

Problem Drugs

218

(1)

Why Use Drugs?

219

(2)

Dependency and Addiction

221

(1)

Problem Drinkers

222

(1)

The Right to Smoke

223

(2)

Illegal Drugs

225

(1)

Discussion Topics

226

(1)

Suggested Readings

227

(2)

PART FIVE Sexual Morality

229

(45)

Sex and Love

230

(11)

Definitions of Love

230

(3)

Arguments for Sex without Love

233

(1)

Arguments for Sex with Love

234

(2)

True Love: Obligations or Ideals?

236

(1)

Discussion Topics

237

(2)

Suggested Readings

239

(2)

Homosexuality and Homophobia

241

(10)

Closets and Coming Out

241

(2)

The Reproductive Purpose of Sex

243

(2)

Other Senses of ``Unnatural''

245

(1)

Promiscuity

246

(2)

Homophobia

248

(1)

Discussion Topics

248

(1)

Suggested Readings

249

(2)

Pornography and Fantasy

251

(11)

A Definition of Pornography

252

(1)

Examples of Pornography

253

(2)

Fantasy

255

(3)

Fantasy as Morally Neutral

255

(1)

Fantasy as Sometimes Immoral

256

(1)

A Synthesis of Opposing Views

257

(1)

Obscenity

258

(2)

Discussion Topics

260

(1)

Suggested Readings

261

(1)

Marriage and Adultery

262

(12)

Is Marriage a Moral Issue?

262

(1)

Potential Drawbacks to Marriage

263

(4)

Outside Control

263

(1)

Psychological Constriction

264

(2)

Sexual Confinement

266

(1)

Extramarital Affairs: Two Cases

267

(1)

Taylor's Defense of Extramarital Affairs

268

(2)

Jealousy

270

(2)

Discussion Topics

272

(1)

Suggested Readings

273

(1)

PART SIX Community and Wealth

274

(51)

Money

275

(16)

The Cheating Culture

275

(1)

Money Madness and Consumer Compulsion

276

(3)

Gambling

279

(3)

Money and Happiness

282

(1)

American Dreams

283

(2)

Economic Justice

285

(3)

Discussion Topics

288

(1)

Suggested Readings

289

(2)

Meaningful Work

291

(12)

Alienation and Anxiety

292

(1)

Work Ethic

293

(1)

Professions and Professionalism

294

(1)

Confidentiality

295

(1)

Integrity and Professional Distance

296

(1)

Whistleblowing and Loyalty

297

(2)

Discussion Topics

299

(2)

Suggested Readings

301

(2)

Computers and Community

303

(9)

Privacy and Safety

303

(2)

Free and Responsible Speech

305

(1)

Property and Piracy

306

(1)

Computer Abuse and Hackers

307

(1)

Autonomy and Technology

308

(1)

Discussion Topics

309

(1)

Suggested Readings

310

(2)

Community Service

312

(13)

Compassionate Caring

312

(3)

Sense of Gratitude

315

(1)

Passion for Justice

316

(1)

Generosity and Supererogation

317

(1)

Obligations to Help

318

(2)

Conscription

320

(1)

Discussion Topics

321

(1)

Suggested Readings

322

(3)

Notes

325

(25)

Index

350

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Everyday Morality An Introduction to Applied Ethics

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials