Failures and the Law: Structural Failure,

The interaction between engineering and the law is undergoing dramatic changes. Product liability, laws have been introduced in Japan, patent claims over living organisms have been made in bioengineering and the differing national laws of copyright protection and liability are in the process of harmonisation, especially in the European Union. The pace and complexity of these changes make it essential for technologists, lawyers, engineers and insurance experts to establish a common basis for understanding, co-operation and exchange of expertise. The recently founded International Society for Technology, Law and Insurance aims to foster such co-operation. This volume features 46 selected contributions which address various topical issues and the law. The most important issues relate to engineering risks, quality assurance and assessment and legal implications assiciated with them. Recent failure cases are explained and the technical, legal and insurance-related issues discussed in detail.

Preface
Introduction	p. 1
Prevention of Human Failure	p. 5
The Ambiguous Nature of the Terms Hazard, Risk and Danger as they are Used by the Lay Public, Technologists and Attorneys	p. 23
Adequacy of Consumer Product Warnings: A Legal Review and Recommendations	p. 39
Language and Font Sizes of Warnings: A Review and Implications	p. 45
The Product Liability Law in Japan	p. 51
Activity of JSME PL Committee	p. 65
Reliability, Risk and Insurance: Three Sides of a Special Coin	p. 71
The Forensic Engineering Study of Catastrophic Failures in the United States	p. 79
Improved Design Through Failure Analysis	p. 93
Using Failure Mode and Effects Analysis to Improve Product Safety	p. 97
Quality Assurance Contracts: Necessary Details and Limits of Responsibility	p. 115
Can Patenting Prevent Failure?	p. 129
Multiple Fatalities Caused by Loss of a Tractor-Trailer's Load	p. 143
Fatigue in Tank Vehicles	p. 153
Use of Rigid Body Dynamics Theory to Resolve a Complicated Patent Litigation Claim	p. 161
A Fatal Accident Caused by a Spindle/Knuckle Separation	p. 187
Concrete Deterioration in an Old Oil Refinery in the Arabian Gulf - Case Study	p. 201
Engineering Analysis of the EXXON VALDEZ Trackline Path and Grounding	p. 211
Hydrodynamic Modeling of the EXXON VALDEZ Using Full-Scale Sea Trials	p. 247
Limitation of Operational Forces in Power-operated Doors and Gates	p. 271
Structural Dynamics of Step Ladders: Failure of Defective Wood Step	p. 279
Case Studies in Lifting Equipment	p. 289
Fretting Cracking and its Prevention: Application in Transmission Line Fatigue	p. 301
Analysis of a Polyethylene Plant Explosion	p. 311
Failure Analysis of a Valve and Court Room Consequences	p. 327
Explosion of an Oil Tank at a Thermoelectric Power Plant	p. 347
Statistics of Transmission Pipeline Fractures	p. 353
A Failure of a Material or of Advanced Technical Education - Implications of an Unexpected Material Failure	p. 365
Applications of Automatic Learning of Failure Cases to Optimal Reliability	p. 369
Intelligent System of Failure Analysis	p. 383
Principles of System Synthesis from the Point of View of Reliability and Safety Criteria	p. 389
On Prestressed Concrete Elements - Reflection on Code Requirements and Proposed Supplements	p. 395
Application of Monitoring Technology to Bridge Assessment	p. 413
Coupling Vibration of Turbomachinery Rotor Blades as a Possible Cause of Disk Rim Failure	p. 425
Limitations of a Kinematic Hardening Model for Assessing Ratchetting Failures in Pressurised Pipes	p. 435
Probabilistic Prediction of Fatigue Life in the Short Cracks Range	p. 443
Stochastic Analysis of the Creep Behaviour of Multi-Component Solids	p. 453
Reliability Evaluation of Components Using Fracture Mechanics in Spite of Uncertain Data	p. 467
A Proposal of a Quality Convention Used for Dimensioning of Steel Structures Against Fatigue Failure	p. 475
Quantitative Evaluation of Effects of Small Defects and Nonmetallic Inclusions on Fatigue Strength of Metals and Application to Quality Control of Machine Parts	p. 483
Reproducibility of the Fatigue Crack Growth Resistance of Materials and its Consequences	p. 497
The Advantages of Very Fine Grain Size Steels	p. 505
Determining the Reliability of Transport Facility Elements Using Fatigue Testing Equipment to Service	p. 515
Prediction of Dynamic Load Inputs for Finite Element Models	p. 523
Assessment of Fatigue Failures - Finite Element Analysis of Structural Joints under Vibration Load	p. 533
Measuring Method of Stress Intensity Factor of Orthotropic Material Using SPATE	p. 543
Author Index	p. 557
Subject Index	p. 559
Table of Contents provided by Blackwell. All Rights Reserved.

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Failures and the Law: Structural Failure, Product Liability and Technical Insurance 5

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