Feminist Theory: A Reader

I: What is Feminist Theory? What is Feminism?

Reading Feminist Theory

1. Cheris Kramarae and Paula Treichler, "Feminism" "Feminist" from The Feminist Dictionary (1985)

2. Alice Walker, "Womanist" from In Search of Our Mothers Gardens (1983)

3. Charlotte Bunch, "Not by Degrees: Feminist Theory and Education" (1979)

4. Audre Lorde, "The Master's Tools Will Never Dismantle the Master's House" (1979) from Sister/Outsider: Essays and Speeches (1984)

5. Maria Lugones and Elizabeth Spelman, "Have We Got a Theory for You! Feminist Theory, Cultural Imperialism and the Demand for 'The Woman's Voice'" (1983)

6. Adrienne Rich, “Notes Toward a Politics of Location” (1984)

7. Sara Ruddick, from Maternal Thinking (1985)

8. bell hooks, "Theory as Liberatory Practice" from Teaching to Transgress (1994)

9. Uma Narayan, “Contesting Cultures: ‘Westernization,’ Respect for Cultures, and Third World Feminists” from dislocating cultures: Identities, traditions and Third World Feminisms (1997)

II: 1792 through 1920

Introduction

10. "The Changing Woman" (Navajo Origin Myth)

11. Mary Wollstonecraft, Chapters II, IX, and XIII from A Vindication of the Rights of Woman (1792)

12. Sarah Grimke, from Letters on the Equality of the Sexes and the Condition of Women (1838)

13. Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Seneca Falls "Declaration of Sentiments" from The History of Women's Suffrage (1848)

14. Harriet Taylor, "Enfranchisement of Women" (1851)

15. Sojourner Truth, "Ain't I a Woman" (1851)

16. Sojourner Truth, "Keep the Thing Going While Things Are Stirring" (1867)

17. John Stuart Mill, Chapters 2 & 4 from The Subjection of Women (1870)

18. Josephine Butler, Petition to Parliament Against the Contagious Diseases Acts (1871)

19. Susan B. Anthony, Speech after Arrest for Illegal Voting (1872)

20. Victoria Woodhull, "The Elixir of Life: or, Why Do We Die?" (1873)

21. Frederick Douglass, "Why I Became a Woman's-Rights Man" from The Life and Times of Frederick Douglass, Written by Himself (1882)

22. Friedrich Engels, from The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State (1884)

23. Anna Julia Cooper, "The Status of Woman in America" from A Voice of the South: By a Black Woman of the South (1892)

24. Elizabeth Cady Stanton, "Solitude of Self" (1892)

25. Charlotte Perkins Gilman, Chapters VII and XIV from Women and Economics: A Study of the Economic Relation between Men and Women as a Factor in Social Evolution (1898)

26. Mary Church Terrell, from The Progress of Colored Women (1898)

27. Ida B. Wells, "Lynch Law in America" (1900)

28. Emma Goldman, "The Traffic in Women" from Anarchism and Other Essays (1910)

29. Mother (Mary) Jones, "Girl Slaves of the Milwaukee Breweries" (1910)

30. Alexandra Kollontai, "Working Woman and Mother" (1914)

31. Crystal Eastman, "Now We Can Begin" from On Women and Revolution (1919)

III: 1920 through 1963

Introduction

32. Margaret Sanger, "Birth Control--A Parent's Problem or Woman's?" from Women and the New Race (1920)

33. Joan Riviere, "Womanliness as Masquerade" (1929)

34. Virginia Woolf, Chapters 2, 5, and 6 from A Room of One's Own (1929)

35. Karen Horney, "The Dread of Woman: Observations on a Specific Difference in the Dread Felt by Men and by Women Respectively for the Opposition Sex" (1932)

36. Margaret Mead, "Sex and Temperament" from Sex and Temperament in Three Primitive Societies (1935)

37. Simone de Beauvoir, "Introduction" and Chapter 12 from The Second Sex (1949)

IV: 1963-1975

Introduction

38. Betty Friedan, "The Problem That Has No Name" from The Feminine Mystique (1963)

39. Mary Douglas, "The System at War with Itself" from Purity and Danger (1966)

40. National Organization for Women, Statement of Purpose (1966)

41. Valerie Solanas, from SCUM Manifesto (1967)

42. Kate Millet, "Theory of Sexual Politics" from Sexual Politics (1969)

43. Redstockings Manifesto (1969)

44. Mary Ann Weathers, "An Argument for Black Women's Liberation as a Revolutionary Force" (1969)

45. Shulamith Firestone, from The Dialectic of Sex (1970)

46. Ann Koedt, “The Myth of the Vaginal Orgasm” (1970)

47. Pauli Murray, "The Liberation of Black Women" from Voice of the New Feminism (1970)

48. Radicalesbians, "The Woman-Identified Woman" (1970)

49. Older Women's League, "Why OWL (Older Women's League)?" (1970)

50. Sherry Ortner, "Is Female to Male as Nature is to Culture?" (1974)

51. Charlotte Bunch, "Not for Lesbians Only" (1975)

52. Helene Cixous, "The Laugh of Medusa" (1975)

53. Fatima Mernissi, "Conclusion: Women's Liberation in Muslim Countries" from Beyond the Veil: Male-Female Dynamics in Modern Muslim Society (1975)

V: 1975 through 1985

Introduction

54. Gayle Rubin, "The Traffic in Women: Notes on the 'Political Economy' of Sex" (1975)

55. Laura Mulvey, “Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema” (1975)

56. Anna NietoGomez, "Chicana Feminism" (1976)

57. Elaine H. Pagels, "What Became of God the Mother? Conflicting Images of God in Early Christianity" (1976)

58. Combahee River Collective, "A Black Feminist Statement" (1977)

59. Luce Irigaray, from "This Sex Which is Not One" from This Sex Which Is Not One (1977)

60. Nancy Chorodow, "The Sexual Sociology of Adult Life" from The Reproduction of Mothering: Psychoanalysis and the Sociology of Gender (1978)

61. Mary Daly, "The Metapatriarchal Journey of Exorcism and Ecstasy" from Gyn/Ecology: The Metaethics of Radical Feminism (1978)

62. Audre Lorde, "Age, Race, Class and Sex: Women Redefining Difference" (1978) reported in Sister/Outsider: Essays and Speeches (1984)

63. Monique Wittig, "The Straight Mind" from The Straight Mind and Other Essays (1978)

64. Adrienne Rich, "Compulsory Heterosexuality and Lesbian Existence" (1980)

65. Heidi I. Hartmann, "The Unhappy Marriage of Marxism and Feminism: Towards a More Progressive Union" (1981)

66. Mitsuye Yamada, "Asian Pacific Women and Feminism" (1981)

67. Toni Cade Bambara, "Foreword" to the First Edition, This Bridge Called My Back: Writings by Radical Women of Color (1981)

68. Carol Gilligan, "Images of Relationship" from In a Different Voice (1982)

69. Chandra Mohanty, "Under Western Eyes: Feminist Scholarship and Colonial Discourses." (1984/1991)

70. Carol S. Vance, "Pleasure and Danger: Toward a Politics of Sexuality" (1984)

VI: 1985 through 1995

Introduction

71. Donna Haraway, "A Cyborg Manifesto: Science, Technology and Socialist-Feminism in the Late Twentieth Century" (1985)

72. Sandra Harding, "The Woman Question in Science to the Science Question in Feminism" from The Science Question in Feminism (1986)

73. Judith Plaskow, "Jewish Memory from a Feminist Perspective" from Tikkun 1:2 (1986)

74. Gloria Anzaldua, "La Consciencia de la mestiza: Towards a New Consciousness" (1987)

75. Linda Alcoff, "Cultural Feminism versus Post-Structuralism: The Identity Crisis in Feminist Theory" (1988)

76. Denise Riley, "Does a Sex Have a History?" from "Am I that Name?" Feminism and the Category of "Woman" in History (1988)

77. Joan W. Scott, "Deconstructing Equality-versus-Difference, or the Uses of Poststructuralist Theory for Feminism" (1988)

78. Vandana Shiva, "Development, Ecology and Women," from Staying Alive (1989)

79. Ynestra King, "The Ecology of Feminism and the Feminism of Ecology" (1989)

80. Catherine A. Mackinnon, "Sexuality" from Toward a Feminist Theory of the State (1989)

81. Norma Alarcon, "The Theoretical Subject(s) of This Bridge Called My Back and Anglo-American Feminism" (1990)

82. Judith Butler, from Gender Trouble: Feminism and the Subversion of Identity (1990)

83. Patricia Hill Collins, from Black Feminist Thought (1990)

84. Carol Adams, “Destabilizing Patriarchal Consumption,” from The Sexual Politics of Meat (1990)

85. Angela Y. Davis, "Outcast Mothers and Surrogates: Racism and Reproductive Politics in the Nineties" (1991)

86. Rebecca Walker, “Becoming the Third Wave” (1992)

87. Susan Bordo, "The Body and the Reproduction of Femininity" from Unbearable Weight: Feminism, Western Culture, and the Body (1994)

88. United Nation, Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action, (1995)

89. Winona LaDuke, "Mothers of Our Nations: Indigenous Women Address the World" (1995)

VII: 1995-2010

Introduction

90. Bikini Kill, "Riot Grrl Philosophy" (1995)

91. Jeanine DeLombard, "Femmenism" from to be real: Telling the Truth and Changing the Face of Feminism (1995)

92. Kimberle Crenshaw, "Intersectionality and Identity Politics: Learning from Violence against Women of Color" (1997)

93. Judith Halberstam, "An Introduction to Female Masculinity" from Female Masculinity (1998)

94. Cynthia Enloe, "When Soldiers Rape" from Maneuvers: The International Politics of Militarizing Women's Lives (2000)

95. Anne Fausto Sterling, "Should There Be Only Two Sexes?" from Sexing the Body: Gender Politics and the Construction of Sexuality (2000)

96. Jennifer Baumgardner and Amy Richards, "Third Wave Manifesta" from Manifesta (2000)

97. Rosemarie Garland-Thomson, "Integrating Disability, Transforming Feminist Theory" (2001)

98. Judith Butler, "Beside Oneself: On the Limits of Sexual Autonomy" from Undoing Gender (2004)

99. Saba Mahmood, "The Subject of Freedom" from The Politics of Piety (2005)

100. Andrea Smith, “Native American Feminism, Sovereignty, and Social Change” (2005)

101. Julia Serano, “Hot Tranny Action Manifesto” (2005)

102. Donna Haraway, “When Species Meet: Introductions” from When Species Meet (2008)

103. Nancy Fraser, “Feminism, Capitalism, and the Cunning of History” (2009)

104. Jacqui Alexander and Chandra Talpade Mohanty, “Cartographies of Knowledge and Power: Transnational Feminism as Radical Praxis” (2010)

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