Foundations of Clinical And Counseling Psychology

, by Todd, Judith; Bohart, Arthur C.

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ISBN: 9781577664109 | 1577664108
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Copyright: 12/23/2005

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Preface

Part I IN THE BEGINNING

(42)

Professional Psychology in Context

(18)

The Mental Health Professions

(11)

Clinical Psychology

(3)

Counseling Psychology

(1)

Clinical Neuropsychology

(1)

Educational Psychology

(1)

School Psychology

(1)

Other Fields in Professional Psychology

(2)

Psychiatry

(1)

Psychoanalysis

(1)

Social Work

(1)

Marriage and Family Therapy

(1)

Other Mental Health Professions

(1)

Professional Psychology in Practice

(3)

Psychotherapy and Counseling

(1)

Assessment

(1)

Teaching and Research

(1)

Consultation

(1)

Administration

(1)

Psychology in the Public Forum

(1)

Psychotherapy Integration

(1)

In Conclusion

(1)

Historical Development of Professional Psychology

(22)

Academic Psychology

(2)

Society's Treatment of Its Deviant Members

(2)

From the Supernatural to the Medical Model

(3)

Demonology

(1)

Nineteenth-Century Reform

(1)

The Medical Model

(1)

From the Medical to the Psychological Model: Sigmund Freud

(1)

The Psychological Model in the United States

(3)

Early Developments in Clinical Psychology

(1)

Early Developments in Counseling Psychology

(1)

Professional Psychology in the Twentieth Century

(9)

Assessment

(3)

Treatment and Interventions

(3)

Professional Organizations

(3)

In Conclusion

(1)

Part II ASSESSMENT AND MEASUREMENT

(92)

Issues in Psychological Assessment and Measurement

(22)

A Review of Psychological Measurement

(3)

Scales of Measurement

(1)

Norms and Standardization

(1)

Reliability and Validity

(2)

Measurement and Assessment in Research

(1)

Clinical Psychological Assessment

(8)

The Clinical Assessment Process

(2)

Controversial Issues in Psychological Assessment

(4)

Criticisms of Clinical Psychological Assessment

(1)

Diagnosis

(6)

Reliability and Validity of Diagnosis

(1)

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual

(4)

Criticisms of Diagnosis

(1)

Program Evaluation and Accountability

(2)

In Conclusion

(1)

Methods of Clinical Assessment

(38)

The Interview

(2)

The Intake Interview

(1)

The Mental Status Exam

(1)

The Case History Interview

(1)

Pretest and Posttest Interviews

(1)

Reliability and Validity of Interviews

(1)

Clinical Uses of Interviews

(1)

Intellectual and Cognitive Assessment

(6)

The Stanford-Binet

(1)

The Wechsler Tests

(1)

Other Intellectual and Cognitive Tests

(1)

Reliability and Validity of Cognitive Ability Tests

(1)

Clinical Uses of Intelligence Tests

(1)

Neuropsychological Assessment

(5)

Single Neuropsychological Tests

(1)

The Halstead-Reitan Neurological Test Battery

(1)

The Boston Process Approach

(1)

Reliability and Validity of Neuropsychological Tests

(1)

Clinical Uses of Neuropsychological Assessment

(1)

Projective Personality Tests

(6)

The Rorschach

(1)

The Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)

(1)

Drawing Tests

(1)

Sentence Completion Tests

(1)

Reliability and Validity of Projective Tests

(1)

Clinical Uses of Projective Tests

(2)

Objective Personality Tests

(6)

MMPI and MMPI-2: An Example of the Empirical Approach

(3)

The Million Tests: Another Example of the Empirical Approach

(1)

The NEO Personality Inventory---Revised (NEO-PI-R): An Example of the Inductive Approach

(1)

The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI): An Example of the Deductive Approach

(1)

Reliability and Validity of Objective Tests

(1)

Clinical Uses of Objective Tests

(1)

Behavioral Assessment

(4)

Behavioral Assessment Interviews

(1)

Naturalistic Observation

(1)

Analogue Observation

(1)

Participant Observation

(1)

Self-Monitoring

(1)

Psychophysiological Measures

(1)

Behavioral Questionnaires and Checklists

(1)

Product-of-Behavior Measures

(1)

Radical Behavioral Assessment

(1)

Reliability and Validity of Behavioral Assessment

(1)

Clinical Uses of Behavioral Assessment

(1)

Vocational, Aptitude, and Interest Tests

(2)

Strong Interest Inventory

(1)

Kuder Occupation Interest Survey

(1)

Other Tests of Talents

(1)

Reliability and Validity of Vocational and Interest Tests

(1)

Clinical Uses of Vocational and Interest Tests

(1)

Psychological Tests on the Internet

(1)

In Conclusion

100

(5)

Research in Psychotherapy

105

(30)

Why We Need to Study Psychotherapy Empirically

106

(4)

Methods in Psychotherapy Research

110

(8)

Quantitative Research Methods

110

(5)

Qualitative Research Methods

115

(2)

Other Problems in Psychotherapy Research

117

(1)

The Effectiveness of Psychotherapy

118

(4)

Is Psychotherapy Effective?

119

(1)

Is One Approach to Therapy Superior to Another?

119

(2)

Other Research Findings

121

(1)

Making Sense of the Dodo Bird Verdict

122

(3)

The Therapeutic Alliance as a Common Factor

122

(1)

Differential Treatments for Different Problems

123

(1)

Understanding the Process of Change

124

(1)

Evidence-Based Practice

125

(8)

What Is Evidence-Based Practice?

126

(1)

Treatment Guidelines and the APA Template

127

(1)

Evidence-Based Practice and Empirically Supported Treatments

128

(1)

Controversy over Empirically Supported Treatments

129

(2)

Are There Multiple Ways to Be Evidence-Based?

131

(1)

Measuring Outcome in Clinical Practice

132

(1)

In Conclusion

133

(2)

Part III PSYCHOTHERAPEUTIC APPROACHES

135

(230)

Sigmund Freud and Psychoanalysis

137

(28)

Theory of Personality

138

(9)

Hidden Meaning and the Concept of Repression

138

(2)

Metapsychology

140

(2)

Defense Mechanisms

142

(2)

Psychopathology and Anxiety

144

(1)

Developmental Stages and Id, Ego, and Superego

144

(3)

Psychotherapy

147

(8)

Free Association

148

(1)

Therapist Interventions

149

(2)

Therapeutic Conditions of Change

151

(1)

Dreams and Resistance

152

(1)

The Therapeutic Alliance and Transference

153

(2)

Mechanics of Psychoanalysis

155

(1)

Recent Issues in Psychoanalysis

155

(3)

Historical Truth versus Narrative Truth

155

(2)

Child Abuse and the Seduction Theory

157

(1)

Research Evaluation of Psychoanalytic Theory and Therapy

158

(5)

Effectiveness of Psychoanalysis

158

(1)

Psychoanalytic Personality Theory

159

(4)

In Conclusion

163

(2)

Relational Approaches to Psychoanalysis

165

(28)

The Neo-Freudians

165

(4)

Adler

166

(1)

Jung

167

(1)

Other Neo-Freudians

168

(1)

Contemporary Perspectives

169

(12)

Object Relations Theory

169

(7)

Bowlby and Attachment Theory

176

(1)

Kohut and Self Psychology

176

(4)

Relational Concepts

180

(1)

Approaches to Psychotherapy

181

(5)

Self Psychology and Object Relations Theory

181

(3)

Brief Forms of Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy

184

(2)

Summing Up Recent Approaches

186

(1)

Evaluation of Relational Psychoanalytic Approaches

186

(5)

Research on Psychotherapy

186

(1)

Research on Child Development

187

(4)

In Conclusion

191

(2)

Client- and Person-Centered Therapies

193

(26)

Client-Centered Therapy: Model of the Person

194

(8)

Multiple Realities

195

(1)

The Meaning of Acceptance

195

(2)

Personal Constructs and Values

197

(1)

Process Orientation

197

(1)

Internality, Authority, and Individualism

198

(1)

Experiencing

199

(1)

Experiential Knowing

200

(2)

Psychopathology

202

(1)

Psychotherapy

203

(8)

Therapeutic Process

203

(2)

Role of the Therapist

205

(6)

From Client-Centered to Person-Centered

211

(1)

Evaluation of Client- and Person-Centered Therapies

212

(4)

Research

212

(2)

Theory

214

(2)

In Conclusion

216

(3)

Experiential and Existential Psychotherapies

219

(24)

The Concept of the River

219

(1)

Experiential Psychotherapy

220

(13)

Gestalt Therapy

221

(8)

Gendlin's Focusing-Oriented Psychotherapy

229

(1)

Emotion-Focused Psychotherapy

230

(2)

Mahrer's Experiential Psychotherapy

232

(1)

Existential Therapy

233

(6)

Philosophical Background

233

(1)

Theory of Personality and Psychopathology

234

(3)

Psychotherapy

237

(2)

Evaluation of Experiential and Existential Approaches

239

(2)

Effectiveness of Therapy

239

(1)

Theoretical Evaluation

240

(1)

In Conclusion

241

(2)

Behavioral Approaches to Therapy

243

(32)

Foundations of Behavior Therapy

244

(8)

A Brief History of Behavior Therapy

246

(1)

Principles of Learning

247

(3)

The Development of Abnormal or Unwanted Behavior

250

(2)

Behavior Therapy

252

(14)

Exposure-Based Treatments (Classical Conditioning Methods)

253

(4)

Skills Training (Operant Conditioning Methods)

257

(8)

Social Learning Methods

265

(1)

Broad Spectrum Behavior Therapy

266

(1)

Postmodern Behavior Therapy

266

(6)

Functional Analytic Psychotherapy (FAP)

268

(1)

Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)

269

(1)

Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT)

270

(2)

Evaluation of Behavior Therapy

272

(2)

Criticisms of Behavior Therapy

272

(2)

Strengths of Behavior Therapy

274

(1)

In Conclusion

274

(1)

Cognitive and Cognitive-Behavioral Approaches to Psychotherapy

275

(28)

Transition from Behavior Therapy to Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy

277

(5)

Albert Bandura

277

(4)

Donald Meichenbaum

281

(1)

Recent Cognitive-Behavioral Approaches

281

(1)

Specific Cognitive-Behavioral Treatments for Specific Disorders

281

(1)

Cognitive Psychotherapy

282

(16)

Kelly's Construct Theory

283

(2)

Beck's Cognitive Therapy

285

(8)

Ellis's Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy

293

(5)

Comparison of Ellis and Beck

298

(1)

Theoretical Advances

298

(1)

Evaluation of Cognitive Approaches

299

(3)

Effectiveness of Psychotherapy

299

(1)

Theoretical Evaluation

300

(2)

In Conclusion

302

(1)

Behavior and Biology

303

(26)

Health Psychology

304

(7)

Theoretical Basis for Health Psychology

305

(1)

Interventions in Health Psychology

306

(5)

Biofeedback

311

(4)

Theoretical and Empirical Basis of Biofeedback

312

(1)

Interventions Utilizing Biofeedback

312

(3)

Hypnosis

315

(8)

Theoretical Explanations of Hypnosis

317

(2)

The Cognitive-Behavioral View of Nicholas Spanos

319

(1)

Hypnosis Interventions

320

(3)

Psychopharmacology

323

(2)

Evaluation of Biopsychosocial Interventions

325

(2)

In Conclusion

327

(2)

Marriage, Family, and Child Therapy

329

(36)

Psychological Interventions with Children

330

(5)

Psychoanalytically Oriented Therapy

330

(1)

Client-Centered Therapy

331

(1)

Play Therapy

331

(1)

Behavior Therapy

332

(1)

Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy

333

(1)

Health Psychology

333

(1)

Family Therapy

334

(1)

Group Therapy

334

(1)

Marital and Couples Therapy

335

(5)

Psychodynamic Couples Therapies

336

(1)

Behavioral and Cognitive Therapies for Couples

337

(2)

Experiential-Humanistic Approaches

339

(1)

Family Therapy

340

(18)

Murray Bowen and Personal Differentiation

341

(2)

Virginia Satir and Dysfunctional Communication

343

(1)

Minuchin and the Structural Approach

344

(1)

Strategic and Solution-Focused Approaches

345

(12)

More-Recent Approaches to Family Therapy

357

(1)

Evaluation of Marriage, Family, and Child Therapy

358

(5)

Effectiveness of Marriage and Family Therapy

358

(1)

Effectiveness of Child and Adolescent Therapy

359

(1)

Theoretical Evaluation

360

(3)

In Conclusion

363

(2)

Part IV CONTEMPORARY ISSUES

365

(90)

Psychotherapy Integration: Convergence in Psychotherapy

367

(30)

Types of Psychotherapy Integration

368

(8)

Technical Eclecticism

368

(2)

Common Factors

370

(2)

Theoretical Integration

372

(3)

Assimilative Integration

375

(1)

The Basis of All Therapies: The Problem of Access

376

(13)

Strategies for Facilitating Access

377

(11)

Theoretical Reasons for the Access Problem

388

(1)

Other Commonalities in Psychotherapy

389

(7)

The Importance of Self-Acceptance

389

(1)

Rigid Schemas as a Major Cause of Psychopathology

390

(1)

Common Therapeutic Goals

391

(2)

The Interpersonal Nature of the Human Being

393

(1)

A Focus on Strength

394

(2)

In Conclusion

396

(1)

Postmodernism, Diversity, and Contemporary Therapy Approaches

397

(34)

Postmodernism

398

(2)

Constructivism

399

(1)

Narrative Psychotherapies

399

(1)

The Challenge of Diversity

400

(15)

The Self

401

(2)

Multicultural Counseling

403

(3)

Afrocentric Psychotherapy

406

(1)

Feminist Therapy

407

(4)

Therapy with Lesbians, Gay Men, and Bisexual People

411

(1)

Religion and Psychotherapy

412

(3)

Contemporary Treatment Modalities: Faster and Cheaper

415

(15)

Brief Therapy

415

(4)

Group Therapy

419

(6)

Self-Help and Mutual Support Groups

425

(1)

Technology-Mediated Methods

426

(4)

In Conclusion

430

(1)

Professional, Ethical, Legal, and Social Issues

431

(24)

Professional Issues

431

(7)

Competition with Medicine

432

(2)

Professional Competence

434

(1)

Hospital Privileges

434

(1)

Prescription Privileges

434

(1)

Corporate Control of the Health Care System

435

(2)

Treatment Manuals and Empirically Supported Treatments

437

(1)

Ethical Issues

438

(3)

Confidentiality and Privilege

439

(2)

Informed Consent

441

(1)

Legal Issues

441

(3)

Licensing of Professional Psychologists

442

(1)

Health Care Regulation

442

(2)

Malpractice

444

(1)

Social Issues and Psychology

444

(3)

Change versus Adjustment

445

(1)

Misuses of Mental Health Concepts

445

(1)

Psychological Intervention in Social Problems

446

(1)

The Future

447

(5)

Changes in Professional Practice

448

(1)

Future Roles for Professional Psychologists

449

(1)

Employment Prospects in Psychology

450

(2)

In Conclusion

452

(3)

Glossary

455

(10)

References

465

(30)

Index

495

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