From WPANs to Personal Networks :

This one-stop resource offers you complete, state-of-the-art coverage of wireless personal area networks, including critical discussions on current standards, important research, and applications in the field. The book gives you a solid overview of Bluetooth and IEEE 802.15, the foundations of WPAN technology, and explains how the Personal Operating Space (POS) concept is ushering in the WPAN revolution. It details how invisibility, automatic connection, service discovery, and security form the POS and how the POS is the universal interface in WPANs.

Luc Deneire is a professor at the I3S Laboratory, University of Nice.

Preface

xv

1 Introduction

1

(12)

1.1 Possible Devices

3

(1)

1.2 PAN Challenges and Open Issues

4

(1)

1.3 WLANs Versus PANs

5

(1)

1.4 Personal Networks Concept

6

(3)

1.5 Fourth Generation

9

(1)

1.6 Review of the Book

10

(1)

References

11

(2)

Part 1 Tales of Ancient Times

13

(102)

2 WLANs

15

(34)

2.1 Introduction

15

(9)

2.1.1 WLANs in a Nutshell

16

(4)

2.1.2 IEEE 802.11, HIPERLAN/2, and MMAC Wireless LAN Standards

20

(4)

2.2 MAC IN WLAN Standards

24

(6)

2.2.1 IEEE 802.11

24

(5)

2.2.2 HIPERLAN/2

29

(1)

2.3 QoS Over Wireless LANS

30

(4)

2.3.1 IEEE 802.11e

31

(2)

2.3.2 Interframe Spacing

33

(1)

2.3.3 Other QoS-Related Developments

34

(1)

2.4 Security in IEEE 802.11

34

(9)

2.4.1 Current IEEE 802.11 Resources

35

(3)

2.4.2 IEEE 802.11i

38

(3)

2.4.3 IEEE 802.11f

41

(2)

References

43

(3)

Appendix 2A: ISM Bands

46

(1)

Appendix 2B: Comparison of WLAN and WPAN Standards

47

(2)

3 Bluetooth: First and Second Generations of WPANs

49

(34)

3.1 Introduction

49

(3)

3.2 Technical Overview of Bluetooth 2.0

52

(3)

3.3 Core Specification

55

(17)

3.3.1 The Radio Layer

58

(1)

3.3.2 The Baseband Layer

59

(6)

3.3.3 Host Controller Interface

65

(1)

3.3.4 Logical Link Control and Adaptation Protocol

65

(5)

3.3.5 Higher Layer Protocols

70

(1)

3.3.6 Service Discovery Protocol

71

(1)

3.4 Profiles

72

(3)

3.4.1 Profile Architecture

72

(1)

3.4.2 Generic Access Profile

72

(3)

3.5 Security

75

(5)

3.5.1 General operation

75

(1)

3.5.2 Link Level Enforced Security

76

(2)

3.5.3 Shortcomings and Recommendations

78

(2)

3.5.4 Conclusions on Security

80

(1)

3.6 Future of Bluetooth: Team Up with UWB

80

(1)

References

81

(2)

4 802.15 Overview

83

(32)

4.1 Introduction

83

(2)

4.2 802.15.3: The High Rate WPAN

85

(9)

4.2.1 The High Rate Network

85

(1)

4.2.2 Overview of MAC

86

(5)

4.2.3 The Physical Layer

91

(3)

4.3 TG3A: The (Very) High-Rate WPAN

94

(7)

4.3.1 Ultra-Wideband: An Old Technology for High Rate Communications [11, 12, 17]

94

(1)

4.3.2 Ultra-Wideband: When Shannon Meets Marconi (or Was It Fourier?)

94

(1)

4.3.3 Ultra-Wideband: From Regulatory Acceptance to Standards

95

(2)

4.3.4 The DS-UWB Proposal

97

(2)

4.3.5 The MB-OFDM Proposal

99

(2)

4.3.6 TG3a Conclusion

101

(1)

4.4 802.15.4: The Low Rate WPAN

101

(9)

4.4.1 Network Topologies

102

(1)

4.4.2 The MAC Sublayer

103

(4)

4.4.3 The Physical Layer

107

(2)

4.4.4 TG4b Development

109

(1)

4.4.5 ZigBee

109

(1)

4.5 ZigBee and 802.15.4 Products

110

(1)

4.6 Conclusions

111

(2)

References

113

(2)

Part 2 Trends and Research Topics

115

(120)

5 WPAN Scenarios and Underlying Concepts

117

(14)

5.1 Classical WPAN Scenarios

118

(6)

5.1.1 The Traveling Businesswoman

118

(2)

5.1.2 The Intelligent House

120

(1)

5.1.3 Mobile Health

121

(3)

5.2 The Disappearing Computer

124

(2)

5.2.1 Invisibility and Technology Unawareness

124

(1)

5.2.2 From Context Awareness to Social Awareness

125

(1)

5.3 Security Aspects

126

(1)

References

127

(2)

Selected Bibliography

129

(2)

6 From Pervasive Computing to Personal Networks: A Research Perspective

131

(28)

6.1 Introduction

131

(1)

6.2 Overview of WPAN Projects

132

(13)

6.2.1 The Quest for Low Power: Building a Wireless Sensor

132

(2)

6.2.2 (Ultra) Low Energy Network Nodes: How to Get There

134

(10)

6.2.3 The Quest for Mobile Seamless Access

144

(1)

6.3 Ambient Intelligence: The Oxygen Project

145

(1)

6.4 Ambient Intelligence and WPANS: Basis for Personal Networking

146

(10)

6.4.1 The PACWOMAN Project

147

(7)

6.4.2 The MAGNET Project

154

(2)

6.5 Conclusions

156

(1)

References

156

(2)

Selected Bibliography

158

(1)

7 Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANET)

159

(32)

7.1 Introduction

159

(5)

7.1.1 Why MANET in WPANs?

160

(1)

7.1.2 Historical Overview

160

(1)

7.1.3 Main Features

161

(3)

7.2 Medium Access Control

164

(14)

7.2.1 Common Random Assignment Protocols

165

(1)

7.2.2 Hidden and Exposed Terminal Problems

166

(1)

7.2.3 MACA, MACA-BI, MACAW (for Wireless LANs), and 802.11

167

(2)

7.2.4 Demand Assignment MAC Algorithm

169

(1)

7.2.5 Multichannel MAC Protocols

170

(1)

7.2.6 Use of Multiple Antennas for MANET

170

(8)

7.3 Routing Techniques

178

(7)

7.3.1 Proactive Routing Protocols

179

(2)

7.3.2 Reactive Protocols

181

(3)

7.3.3 A Hybrid Protocol: Zone Routing Protocol

184

(1)

7.4 Power Management

185

(1)

7.4.1 Power-Saving MAC Protocols

185

(1)

7.4.2 Power-Aware Routing

185

(1)

7.5 Cooperation Diversity: The New Revolution

186

(1)

7.6 Conclusions

187

(1)

References

187

(3)

Selected Bibliography

190

(1)

8 Security for Wireless Networks

191

(44)

8.1 Introduction

191

(1)

8.2 Heterogeneous Networks

192

(31)

8.2.1 Satellite Networks

194

(1)

8.2.2 Wireless Wide Area Networks

195

(10)

8.2.3 Fixed Wireless Access

205

(5)

8.2.4 Wireless Local Area Networks

210

(7)

8.2.5 Wireless Personal Area Networks

217

(6)

8.3 Applications and Services

223

(2)

8.3.1 Low Data Rate

223

(1)

8.3.2 Ad Hoc Networking

223

(1)

8.3.3 Mobility

224

(1)

8.4 Security Requirements

225

(1)

8.5 Research Challenges

226

(6)

8.5.1 Adaptive Security for Low Data Rate Networks

227

(2)

8.5.2 Secure Routing for Ad Hoc Networks

229

(2)

8.5.3 Secure Mobility in Heterogeneous Networks

231

(1)

References

232

(3)

Part 3 The Unpredictable Future

235

(42)

9 WPAN as a Part of 4G

237

(18)

9.1 Introduction

237

(1)

9.2 Personal Networks: Definition

238

(3)

9.3 Personal Networks: The Challenges

241

(4)

9.3.1 User Requirements

241

(1)

9.3.2 Networking

242

(2)

9.3.3 Adaptive and Scalable Air Interfaces for PANs

244

(1)

9.3.4 Security

244

(1)

9.4 A Sample Interworking System Architecture

245

(4)

9.5 A Handover Example

249

(3)

9.6 Conclusions

252

(1)

References

253

(2)

10 PN Applications

255

(22)

10.1 Introduction

255

(4)

10.2 Health Care

259

(5)

10.2.1 Diabetic Case

259

(2)

10.2.2 Emergency Case

261

(3)

10.3 Smart Shopping Case

264

(2)

10.4 Student Case

266

(2)

10.4.1 Scenario Description

267

(1)

10.5 Mobile Gaming

268

(2)

10.5.1 Scenario Description

268

(2)

10.6 Distributed Work Cases

270

(4)

10.6.1 Washing Machine Repair Service

270

(1)

10.6.2 Virtual Home Truck

271

(2)

10.6.3 Distributed Work Case for Journalists

273

(1)

10.6.4 Remote Printing Service

273

(1)

10.7 Conclusions

274

(1)

References

275

(2)

List of Acronyms

277

(8)

About the Authors

285

(4)

Index

289

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From WPANs to Personal Networks : Technologies and Applications

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials