Fundamental Skills and Concepts in Patient Care

, by Timby, Barbara Kuhn

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ISBN: 9780397551682 | 0397551681
Cover: Paperback
Copyright: 2/1/1996

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Supplemental Materials

SECTION I Fundamental Nursing Concepts

UNIT I Exploring Contemporary Nursing

Nursing Foundations

(12)

The Nightingale Reformation

(1)

Establishing Nursing in the United States

(1)

Contemporary Nursing

(2)

The Educational Ladder

(4)

Continuing Education

(1)

Unique Nursing Skills

(4)

Nursing Process

(14)

The Nursing Process

(2)

Assessment

(2)

Diagnosis

(2)

Planning

(3)

Implementation

(1)

Evaluation

(1)

Using the Nursing Process

(4)

UNIT II Integrating Basic Concepts

Laws and Ethics

(13)

Laws

(8)

Ethics

(5)

Health and Illness

(10)

Health

(1)

Wellness

(1)

Illness

(1)

Health Care System

(1)

National Health Goals

(1)

Health Care Team

(4)

Continuity of Health Care

(2)

Homeostasis, Adaptation, and Stress

(11)

Homeostasis

(1)

Adaptation

(2)

Stress

(4)

Nursing Implications

(4)

Culture and Ethnicity

(12)

Culture

(1)

Race

(1)

Ethnicity

(1)

Anglo-American Culture

(1)

American Subcultures

(1)

Transcultural Nursing

(1)

Diversity and Nursing Care

(6)

Demonstrating Cultural Sensitivity

(3)

UNIT III Fostering Communication

The Nurse--Patient Relationship

(8)

The Nurse--Patient Relationship

(2)

Communication

(6)

Patient Teaching

(6)

Patient Teaching

(6)

Recording and Reporting

(20)

Medical Records

(3)

Methods of Charting

(3)

Documenting Information

(3)

Written Forms of Communication

(3)

Interpersonal Communication

102

(8)

SECTION II Fundamental Nursing Skills

UNIT IV Performing Assessment and Evaluation

Admission, Discharge, Transfer, and Referrals

110

(19)

The Admission Process

111

(5)

Admitting a Patient

114

(2)

Common Responses to Admission

116

(2)

The Discharge Process

118

(4)

Discharging a Patient

120

(2)

Transferring Patients

122

(1)

Extended Care Facilities

123

(3)

Referring Patients

126

(3)

Vital Signs

129

(41)

Body Temperature

130

(16)

Assessing Body Temperature With a Mercury Thermometer

134

(7)

Assessing Body Temperature With an Electronic Thermometer

141

(2)

Assessing Body Temperature With a Tympanic Thermometer

143

(3)

Pulse

146

(6)

Assessing the Radial Pulse

149

(3)

Respiration

152

(1)

Blood Pressure

153

(12)

Assessing the Respiratory Rate

154

(4)

Assessing Blood Pressure

158

(7)

Documenting Vital Signs

165

(1)

Nursing Implications

166

(4)

Physical Assessment

170

(26)

Purposes for Physical Assessment

171

(1)

Physical Assessment Techniques

171

(1)

Assessment Equipment

172

(1)

Assessment Environment

172

(1)

Performing a Physical Assessment

172

(5)

Performing a Physical Assessment

174

(3)

Data Collection

177

(15)

Nursing Implications

192

(4)

Examinations and Special Tests

196

(30)

General Nursing Responsibilities

197

(4)

Assisting With a Pelvic Examination

201

(1)

Common Diagnostic Examinations and Tests

201

(19)

Assisting With a Pelvic Examination

202

(7)

Assisting With a Sigmoidoscopy

209

(7)

Using a Glucometer

216

(4)

Nursing Implications

220

(6)

UNIT V Assisting With Basic Needs

Nutrition

226

(23)

Eating Habits

227

(1)

Human Nutritional Needs

227

(3)

Nutritional Standards

230

(3)

Vegetarianism

233

(1)

Assessing Nutritional Status

233

(3)

Managing Nutritional Problems

236

(4)

Common Hospital Diets

240

(1)

Serving and Removing Dietary Trays

240

(1)

Feeding Patients

241

(8)

Serving and Removing Dietary Trays

242

(2)

Feeding a Patient

244

(5)

Fluid and Chemical Balance

249

(51)

Water

250

(1)

Electrolytes

250

(1)

Nonelectrolytes

250

(1)

Blood

251

(1)

Fluid and Electrolyte Distribution

251

(2)

Fluid Loss

253

(1)

Fluid Regulation

253

(1)

Fluid Volume Assessment

253

(3)

Common Fluid Imbalances

256

(6)

Recording Intake and Output

257

(5)

Administering Intravenous Fluids

262

(27)

Preparing Intravenous Solutions

268

(6)

Starting an Intravenous Infusion

274

(9)

Changing Intravenous Solution Containers

283

(1)

Changing Intravenous Tubing

284

(2)

Inserting a Medication Lock

286

(3)

Administering Blood

289

(1)

Providing Parenteral Nutrition

290

(5)

Administering Blood

290

(5)

Nursing Implication

295

(5)

Hygiene

300

(31)

The Integumentary System

301

(2)

Hygiene Practices

303

(21)

Providing a Tub Bath or Shower

304

(2)

Administering Perineal Care

306

(5)

Giving a Bed Bath

311

(6)

Giving Oral Care to Unconscious Patients

317

(5)

Shampooing Hair

322

(2)

Visual and Hearing Devices

324

(3)

Nursing Implications

327

(4)

Sleep and Rest

331

(17)

Functions of Sleep

332

(1)

Sleep Phases

332

(1)

Sleep Requirements

332

(1)

Factors Affecting Sleep

332

(5)

Sleep Assessment

337

(1)

Sleep Disorders

338

(1)

Nursing Implications

339

(9)

Giving a Back Massage

341

(7)

Comfort

348

(34)

The Patient Environment

349

(15)

Making an Unoccupied Bed

351

(10)

Making an Occupied Bed

361

(3)

Pain

364

(1)

Types of Pain

365

(1)

Pain Assessment

366

(1)

Pain Management

367

(12)

Preparing a Patient-Controlled Analgesia (PCA) Infuser

371

(4)

Operating a Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) Unit

375

(4)

Nursing Implications

379

(3)

Safety

382

(19)

Age-Related Safety Factors

383

(1)

Environmental Hazards

383

(6)

Restraints

389

(2)

Nursing Implications

391

(10)

Using Physical Restraints

392

(9)

Oxygenation

401

(26)

Oxygenation

402

(1)

Assessing Oxygenation

402

(1)

Promoting Oxygenation

402

(4)

Using a Pulse Oximeter

403

(3)

Oxygen Therapy

406

(9)

Administering Oxygen

411

(4)

Oxygen Hazards

415

(1)

Related Oxygenation Techniques

415

(7)

Maintaining a Water-Seal Drainage System

417

(5)

Nursing Implications

422

(5)

UNIT VI Preventing Infection

Asepsis

427

(23)

Microorganisms

428

(1)

Infectious Process Cycle

428

(1)

Asepsis

429

(18)

Handwashing

431

(12)

Donning Sterile Gloves

443

(4)

Nursing Implications

447

(3)

Infection Control

450

(15)

Infection

451

(1)

Infection Control

451

(2)

Infection Control Measures

453

(6)

Removing Barrier Garments

457

(2)

Psychological Implications

459

(1)

Nursing Implications

460

(5)

UNIT VII Assisting the Inactive Patient

Body Mechanics, Positioning, and Moving

465

(26)

Maintaining Good Posture

466

(1)

Principles of Body Mechanics

467

(1)

Common Positions

467

(2)

Positioning Devices

469

(3)

Protective Bed Devices

472

(1)

Specialty Beds

473

(1)

Dangers of Inactivity

474

(1)

Turning and Moving Patients

475

(1)

Transferring Patients

475

(1)

Nursing Implications

476

(15)

Turning and Moving a Patient

477

(5)

Transferring Patients

482

(9)

Therapeutic Exercise

491

(23)

Assessing Fitness

492

(1)

Types of Exercise

493

(17)

Performing Range-of-Motion (ROM) Exercises

496

(12)

Using a Continuous Passive Motion (CPM) Machine

508

(2)

Nursing Implications

510

(4)

Casts and Traction

514

(16)

Purposes of Immobilization

515

(1)

Splints

515

(1)

Slings

516

(1)

Braces

517

(1)

Casts

517

(8)

Applying an Arm Sling

517

(5)

Assisting With a Cast Application

522

(3)

Traction

525

(3)

Nursing Implications

528

(2)

Ambulatory Aids

530

(16)

Preparing for Ambulation

530

(2)

Assistive Devices

532

(1)

Ambulatory Aids

533

(3)

Nursing Implications

536

(10)

Assisting With Crutch-Walking

536

(10)

UNIT VIII The Surgical Patient

Perioperative Care

546

(18)

Preoperative Period

547

(10)

Applying Antiembolism Stockings

553

(2)

Performing Presurgical Skin Preparation

555

(2)

Intraoperative Period

557

(2)

Postoperative Period

559

(2)

Nursing Implications

561

(3)

Wound Care

564

(28)

Wounds

565

(1)

The Inflammatory Response

565

(1)

Wound Repair

566

(1)

Wound Care

567

(23)

Changing a Gauze Dressing

571

(8)

Irrigating a Wound

579

(6)

Providing a Sitz Bath

585

(5)

Nursing Implications

590

(2)

Gastrointestinal Intubation

592

(40)

Intubation

593

(1)

Types of Tubes

593

(3)

Managing Nasogastric Tubes

596

(8)

Inserting a Nasogastric Tube

598

(6)

Managing Nasointestinal Tubes

604

(7)

Irrigating a Nasogastric Tube

605

(3)

Removing a Nasogastric Tube

608

(3)

Managing Transabdominal Tubes

611

(1)

Tube Feedings

612

(11)

Administering Tube Feedings

614

(9)

Intestinal Decompression

623

(3)

Nursing Implications

626

(6)

UNIT IX Promoting Elimination

Urinary Elimination

632

(35)

Urinary Elimination

633

(1)

Characteristics of Urine

634

(2)

Abnormal Urinary Elimination Patterns

636

(1)

Assisting Patients With Urinary Elimination

636

(1)

Managing Incontinence

637

(5)

Placing and Removing a Bedpan

638

(4)

Catheterization

642

(20)

Applying an External Condom Catheter

644

(4)

Inserting a Foley Catheter in a Female Patient

648

(6)

Inserting a Foley Catheter in a Male Patient

654

(4)

Irrigating a Foley Catheter

658

(4)

Urinary Diversions

662

(3)

Nursing Implications

665

(2)

Bowel Elimination

667

(29)

Bowel Elimination

668

(1)

Assessing Bowel Elimination

668

(1)

Common Alterations in Bowel Elimination

669

(4)

Inserting a Rectal Tube

672

(1)

Promoting Bowel Elimination

673

(9)

Inserting a Rectal Suppository

674

(3)

Administering a Cleansing Enema

677

(5)

Ostomy Care

682

(12)

Changing an Ostomy Appliance

684

(4)

Irrigating a Colostomy

688

(6)

Nursing Implications

694

(2)

UNIT X Medication Administration

Oral Medications

696

(17)

Medications

697

(1)

Medication Orders

697

(2)

Medication Administration Record

699

(1)

Supplying Medications

699

(1)

Medication Administration

699

(11)

Administering Oral Medications

702

(5)

Administering Medications Through an Enteral Tube

707

(3)

Nursing Implications

710

(3)

Topical and Inhalant Medications

713

(13)

Topical Route

714

(7)

Instilling Eye Medications

716

(3)

Administering Nasal Medications

719

(2)

Inhalant Route

721

(2)

Nursing Implications

723

(3)

Parenteral Medications

726

(22)

Parental Route

727

(1)

Parenteral Administration Equipment

727

(1)

Drug Preparation

728

(2)

Injection Routes

730

(15)

Administering Intradermal Injections

732

(2)

Administering Subcutaneous Injections

734

(8)

Administering Intramuscular Injections

742

(3)

Reducing Injection Discomfort

745

(1)

Nursing Implications

745

(3)

Intravenous Medications

748

(26)

Intravenous Route

748

(1)

Intravenous Medication Administration

749

(8)

Administering Intravenous Medication by Continuous Infusion

750

(7)

Central Venous Catheters

757

(11)

Administering an Intermittent Secondary Infusion

757

(5)

Using a Volume-Control Set

762

(6)

Nursing Implications

768

(6)

UNIT XI Intervening in Emergency Situations

Airway Management

774

(19)

The Airway

774

(1)

Airway Management

775

(3)

Artificial Airways

778

(7)

Suctioning the Airway

779

(6)

Nursing Implications

785

(8)

Providing Tracheostomy Care

786

(7)

Resuscitation

793

(17)

Airway Obstruction

793

(6)

Relieving an Airway Obstruction

795

(4)

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

799

(6)

Performing Basic Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

800

(5)

Nursing Implications

805

(5)

UNIT XII Caring for the Terminally III

Death and Dying

810

(15)

Terminal Illness

811

(1)

Stages of Dying

811

(1)

Promoting Acceptance

812

(2)

Providing Terminal Care

814

(1)

Approaching Death

815

(2)

Confirming Death

817

(2)

Performing Postmortem Care

819

(1)

Performing Postmortem Care

819

(1)

Grieving

819

(3)

Nursing Implications

822

(3)

Glossary

825

(3)

Appendix A Common Abbreviations

828

(2)

Appendix B North American Nursing Diagnosis Association (NANDA) Accepted Nursing Diagnoses

830

(3)

Index

833

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Fundamental Skills and Concepts in Patient Care

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