Geomorphology, Human Activity and Global

Demonstrates that the land-based geomorphological evidence of environmental change from late Pleistocene, Holocene, historical and contemporary time periods remain central to a full understanding of global environmental change both at the global and regional scale. * Includes case studies from Europe, North America and Asia

Olav Slaymaker Member of the Order of Canada, is a professor emeritus of geography in the Department of Geography at the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC. He has co-authored over 20 monographs.

List of Contributors

ix

Preface and Acknowledgements

xi

Section A Introduction

1

(20)

Global Environmental Change: The Global Agenda

3

(18)

Olav Slaymaker

The context of environmental change

3

(1)

The geomorphological context

4

(6)

The intellectual context: climate and people as the major forcing functions

10

(8)

The role of the International Association of Geomorphologists

18

(3)

Section B Tectonics, Sea Level and Climate Forcing

21

(68)

Introduction

23

(2)

Glacial Landforms in Taiwan and a Reinterpretation of the Last Glacial Snowline Depression

25

(18)

Margot Bose

Introduction

25

(1)

Previous work

26

(1)

Methods

27

(1)

Study areas

28

(9)

Conclusions

37

(6)

The Effects of Relative Sea Level Changes on the Coastal Morphology of Southern Apulia (Italy) during the Holocene

43

(24)

Michela Dini

Giuseppe Mastronuzzi

Paolo Sanso

Introduction

44

(1)

Geological and morphological setting

45

(1)

Effects of Holocene relative sea level changes along rocky coasts

46

(7)

Effects of Holocene sea level changes along main beaches

53

(5)

Discussion

58

(3)

Conclusions

61

(6)

Estimating Pleistocene Tectonic Uplift Rates in the Southeastern Apennines (Italy) from Erosional Land Surfaces and Marine Terraces

67

(22)

Annalisa Amato

Introduction

67

(2)

The middle to upper Pleistocene marine terraces

69

(10)

The early Pleistocene erosional land surfaces

79

(3)

The tectonic uplift rates

82

(3)

Conclusions

85

(4)

Section C Regional Hydrologic and Lacustrine Impacts of Global Environmental Change

89

(120)

Introduction

91

(4)

Slope--Channel Linkage as a Control on Geomorphic Sensitivity in Alpine Basins, Cascade Mountains, British Columbia

95

(22)

Martin Evans

Introduction

95

(1)

Study site

96

(1)

Holocene climate and vegetation records

96

(5)

Sediment yield records

101

(1)

Stratigraphy

101

(2)

Sediment sourcing

103

(10)

Discussion and conclusions

113

(4)

A Holocene Debris-Flow Chronology for an Alpine Catchment, Colorado Front Range

117

(34)

Brian Menounos

Introduction

117

(3)

Methods

120

(2)

Results

122

(12)

The lacustrine record of debris-flow activity

134

(5)

Correspondence between the lacustrine and terrestrial debris-flow records

139

(1)

Discussion

140

(2)

Climate controls on debris-flow activity

142

(2)

Summary and conclusions

144

(7)

Holocene Paleoenvironments in Central Spain Reconstructed by Sedimentological Investigation of Playa Lake Systems

151

(34)

Brigitta Schutt

Introduction

152

(1)

Methods

153

(1)

Laguna de Gallocanta

153

(10)

Las Planas de Bujarloz

163

(6)

La Mancha

169

(8)

Conclusions

177

(8)

Rainfall Increase, Land Use and Morphodynamic Changes in Northwestern Argentina as Indicators of the Effects of Future Climatic Changes

185

(12)

J.M. Sayago

M. Toledo

Introduction

185

(2)

Characteristics of the area under study

187

(2)

Material and methods

189

(1)

Results

189

(4)

Discussion

193

(1)

Conclusions

194

(3)

Some Considerations Regarding Climatic Change and Specific Erosion in Central Italy

197

(12)

Walter Dragoni

Daniela Valigi

Introduction

197

(2)

Late Holocene climatic variations in central Italy

199

(1)

Climate and soil erosion

200

(2)

Estimate of variations in rain factors as a result of variations in rainfall

202

(4)

Final considerations

206

(3)

Section D Human Activity and Global Environmental Change

209

(92)

Introduction

211

(4)

Sensitivity of Fluvial Systems to Climate Change and Human Impact: A Case Study from Central Europe

215

(20)

Monika Igl

Roland Mausbacher

Heike Schneider

Jussi Baade

Introduction

215

(1)

Aims and objectives

216

(1)

Investigation area

216

(2)

Methods

218

(1)

Results

218

(11)

Discussion

229

(2)

Conclusions

231

(4)

Geomorphological Change on the Tsengwen Coastal Plain in Southwestern Taiwan

235

(14)

Jui-Chin Chang

Introduction

235

(1)

The change of coastline

236

(4)

Change in sand dunes

240

(1)

Change in river channel

241

(2)

The evolution of Taichiang Lagoon

243

(1)

The impact of geomorphological change on human activity

244

(1)

Conclusions

245

(4)

Environmental Impact of Land Use Change in the Inner Alentejo (Portugal) in the 20th century

249

(20)

Denise de Brum Ferreira

Introduction

249

(2)

Study area and procedures

251

(3)

The socio-economic and climatic context of soil degradation in the montado landscape

254

(4)

Land use change and soil erosion in the S. Pedro River and the Toutalga River watershed

258

(6)

Final remarks

264

(5)

Classification of Spatial and Temporal Changes to a Developed Barrier Island, Seven Mile Beach, New Jersey, USA

269

(16)

Nancy L. Jackson

Karl F. Nordstrom

Michael S. Bruno

Valerie L. Spalding

Introduction

270

(1)

Study area

271

(3)

Methods

274

(2)

Results

276

(5)

Discussion and conclusions

281

(4)

Impact of Human Activities on Geomorphic Processes in the Almora Region, Central Himalaya, India

285

(16)

J.S. Rawat

Geeta Rawat

S.P. Rai

Introduction

286

(1)

Study area

287

(1)

Methodology

287

(4)

Results

291

(5)

Discussion

296

(1)

Conclusions/recommendations

297

(4)

Section E Conclusion

301

(10)

Reflections on the Actual and Potential Role of Geomorphology in Global Environmental Change Research

303

(8)

Olav Slaymaker

What in the influence of climate on geomorphic systems?

303

(4)

What is the influence of human activity on geomorphic systems?

307

(4)

What is the relative contribution of cumulative processes compared with systemic processes in global environmental change and how do these conclusions influence the role of geomorphology in the global environmental change problematique?

Index

311

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Geomorphology, Human Activity and Global Environmental Change

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials