Global Geographies of Post-Socialist Transition: Geographies, societies, policies

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ISBN: 9780415321495 | 0415321492
Cover: Hardcover
Copyright: 2/20/2007

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Since the formal end of the Iron Curtain, there has been much interest in Post-Socialism and the process of Post-Socialist transition.Global Geographies of Post-Socialist Transitionprovides a systematic review and analysis of process of 'transition'. Part 1 explores recent theories, concepts and debates on post-socialism and the notion of transition. Part 2 contains a systematic, topical account of post-socialist transitions around the world, as evidence by social, economic, and political processes. Part 3 examines case studies of post-socialist transition in east and Central Europe, the former Soviet Union, Asia and South-East Asia, and Africa and Latin America. Part 4 brings together theoretical and practical aspects by examining what lessons can be learned from recent experiences. Global Geographies ofPost-Socialist Transitionprovides a truly global comparative account of the meaning and processes of post-socialist transition and will be an invaluable resource for allthose interested in this area.

List of figures and tables	p. xi
Preface	p. xiii
Introduction: variability, legacies, outcomes of post-communist transitions	p. 1
Socialism, communism and after	p. 17
Types of communism/socialism	p. 27
The nature of 'post-communism' and 'post-socialism'	p. 30
Geography of post-socialist transition: where is it happening?	p. 33
Global regions of post-communism: beyond Soviet-centric and China-centric regions of post-communist transition	p. 36
The paradoxes of Central and Eastern Europe: post-communism or post-socialism? Post-colonialism or post-imperialism?	p. 38
The meaning of post-communist 'transition': post-authoritarianism, democratisation and liberalisation	p. 45
Introduction: the meaning of transition and 'transitology', and the relationship between state, society and economy	p. 45
The economy-centred perspective of 'transition': 'shock therapy' or 'gradualism'?	p. 47
Society-focused arguments	p. 50
Post-communist transition and post-authoritarianism	p. 52
Democratisation as automatic outcome?	p. 53
State, society and post-socialism	p. 54
Not one, but many post-communist transitions, and more ...	p. 57
Transformation as a dynamic process	p. 58
Process of change and outcome: transition as a disruptive, destructive or constructive process - transformational recession or transformational growth	p. 62
The Washington Consensus paradigm and the complexities of post-communist developments	p. 63
Alternative models to the Washington Consensus: growth-led versus recession-led marketisation	p. 71
Conclusion	p. 73
Marketisation, democratisation and inequality in Central and Eastern Europe	p. 75
Introduction	p. 75
The fall of communism in Central and Eastern Europe	p. 77
The 'Washington Consensus' and discourses of post-communist change in Central and Eastern Europe	p. 80
The 'Europeanisation' of Central and Eastern Europe	p. 81
The fragmentation of economic space in post-communist Central and Eastern Europe	p. 85
Post-communist democratisation in Central and Eastern Europe	p. 92
Conclusion	p. 95
The Soviet Union and after: 'incidental transition towards a formal democracy'	p. 98
Introduction: why distinguish between post-communist transition in Central and Eastern Europe and in the former Soviet Union?	p. 98
Difference and similarity between Eastern European and post-Soviet transition	p. 99
Economic transformation and inequality	p. 102
Transition in Central and Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union	p. 105
The legacy of Soviet Communism	p. 106
Inequality and divisions of Marxist-Leninist modernisation	p. 111
Protracted transformation in post-communist Russia	p. 112
Russia's own transition as half-finished democratisation and continued elitist rule in a 'formal democracy'	p. 115
Competing post-Soviet identities of Russia	p. 121
New administrative-political divisions	p. 123
Economic divisions as legacies of a colonial-style space economy	p. 125
New divisions and diversities at the local (urban) scale	p. 133
Post-communist transition under post-Soviet conditions: some concluding comments	p. 135
'Dual track' transformation in China: gradual marketisation and political status quo	p. 139
Introduction: Maoism and market	p. 139
China's 'post-communist' economy: combining 'conventional' development policy and Mao Zedong Thought	p. 140
The particular communist legacy of Maoism: a rurally based communist development model	p. 143
Transition Chinese-style: marketisation without democratisation - the strategy of 'market authoritarianism'	p. 144
Special feature of China's transition	p. 146
The outcomes of reforms: curse and blessings of a two-speed economic miracle	p. 148
Social change: social stratification - the emergence of a new entrepreneurial middle class	p. 150
China's post-communist reform: for the cities only?	p. 152
The coastal city regions as designated 'capitalist playgrounds' and test beds for reform	p. 154
The Pearl River Delta as 'virtual region' of urban-centred economic transformation	p. 155
China as a two-track developmental state between market realities and authoritarianism in socialist guise: some concluding remarks	p. 158
Africanism, Marxism, post-colonialism: pragmatic use of communism and post-communism as a label	p. 162
The ideological dimension of Marxism-Leninism as a post-colonial development strategy of convenience	p. 163
External influences in the shaping of African communism	p. 164
Pragmatism and the socialist/communist label for national politics	p. 165
African socialism or Africanised Marxism-Leninism?	p. 166
African socialism as programmatic 'Africanist' development strategy	p. 168
The effects of external pressures	p. 170
The legacy of African socialism and Afro-communism for 'African post-communist development'	p. 172
The end of African communism - and choices in development?	p. 174
Examples of post-socialist development: authoritarianism, socialism and communism	p. 178
Communism, urban development and after ...	p. 182
Summary and conclusions: African communism, pragmatism and after	p. 185
Latin tradition, European Marxist doctrine and market forces: communism and after in Cuba	p. 187
Introduction: towards a 'revolutionary socialism'	p. 187
Dual legacy: Latin post-colonialism and European Sovietism	p. 189
Making 'Castroism'	p. 190
Responses to the changing geopolitical environment: inequality, selective marketisation and 'dollar apartheid'	p. 193
Post-Soviet socialism and the imagineering of a 'neo-revolutionist' Cuba	p. 201
Conclusions: Cuba, the Third World and 'socialism'	p. 205
Identity under communism and post-communism	p. 209
Introduction	p. 209
The reconfiguration of national identities	p. 210
Religion	p. 215
Ethnic exclusion	p. 217
The transformation of work and of micro-social relations	p. 220
Changing practices of consumption and identity	p. 222
Conclusion: post-communist identities - hybrid of 'old' and 'new'	p. 224
Summary and conclusions. From communisms to post-communisms: global patterns of transformation	p. 226
Bibliography	p. 239
Index	p. 263
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Global Geographies of Post-Socialist Transition: Geographies, societies, policies

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