God and Design: The Teleological Argument and Modern Science

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ISBN: 9780415263443 | 0415263441
Cover: Nonspecific Binding
Copyright: 3/21/2003

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Recent discoveries in physics, cosmology and biochemistry have captured the public imagination and made the Design Argument - the theory that God created the world according to a specific plan - the object of renewed scientific and philosophical interest. This accessible but serious introduction to the design problem brings together new perspectives from prominent scientists and philosophers including Paul Davies, Richard Swinburne, Sir Martin Rees, Michael Behe, Elliot Sober and Peter van Inwagen.

List of illustrations

Notes on contributors

xii

Preface

Introduction

(24)

NEIL A. MANSON

Classifying the design argument

(1)

The resurgence of the design argument in the late twentieth century

(3)

The logic of the design argument

(6)

Specifying for what the Universe is designed

(3)

What should we expect from a supernatural designer?

(3)

The much-maligned multiverse

(8)

PART I

General considerations

(2)

1 The design argument

(28)

ELLIOTT SOBER

What is the design argument?

(1)

Clarifications

(4)

Other formulations of the design argument, and their defects

(3)

Three objections to the likelihood argument

(6)

The relationship of the orgasmic design argument to Darwinism

(1)

Anthropic reasoning and cosmic design arguments

(6)

A prediction

(6)

2 The meaning of design

(11)

JOHN LESLIE

The miraculous and the natural

(4)

The place of evil in a designed universe

(2)

Explaining God: the Platonic approach

(3)

3 The design inference: old wine in new wineskins

(22)

ROBERT O'CONNOR

Introduction

(2)

The distinctive strengths of LDA

(1)

Empirical evidence for design

(8)

The philosophic assumptions of intelligent design

(5)

Conclusion

(6)

4 God by design?

(17)

JAN NARVESON

"Natural" theology and the design argument

(1)

The cosmological argument

(2)

Arguments from design: telling creation from non-creation

(2)

Clarifying "design"

(1)

The argument from design: mechanisms

(1)

Design and cosmic purpose

(3)

Three examples

(3)

The goodness of God and the badness of theological explanations

100

(3)

A note on religion as a social phenomenon

103

(2)

5 The argument to God from fine-tuning reassessed

105

(19)

RICHARD SWINBURNE

Why a world with human bodies is likely if God exists

107

(8)

Why a world with human bodies is unlikely if there is no God

115

(9)

6 Perceiving design

124

(21)

DEL RATZSCH

Background: Reid

125

(2)

Reid and design

127

(4)

Assessment

131

(5)

Implications

136

(1)

Some prospects

137

(8)

PART II

Physical cosmology

145

(2)

7 The appearance of design in physics and cosmology

147

(8)

PAUL DAVIES

8 Design and the anthropic fine-tuning of the Universe

155

(23)

WILLIAM LANE CRAIG

Introduction

155

(1)

Examples of wider teleology

155

(6)

The inference to design

161

(4)

The design argument examined

165

(10)

Conclusion

175

(3)

9 Evidence for fine-tuning

178

(22)

ROBIN COLLINS

Introduction

178

(1)

Definition of and criteria for fine-tuning

179

(1)

Six solid cases of fine-tuning

180

(10)

Conclusion

190

(1)

Appendix: seriously problematic claims in the literature

191

(9)

10 Probabilities and the fine-tuning argument: a skeptical view

200

(9)

TIMOTHY MCGREW, LYDIA MCGREW, AND ERIC VESTRUP

The structure of the argument

201

(2)

The normalizability problem

203

(1)

Rescues and replies

204

(5)

PART III

Multiple universes

209

(2)

11 Other universes: a scientific perspective

211

(10)

MARTIN REIS

Many "universes"?

211

(1)

A special recipe'

212

(1)

Three interpretations of the apparent "tuning"

212

(2)

Are questions about other universes part of science?

214

(2)

Scenarios for a multiverse

216

(2)

Universal laws, or mere bylaws?

218

(1)

Testing multiverse theories here and now

218

(3)

12 Too many universes

221

(8)

D.H. MELLOR

Universes and the multiverse

221

(1)

Existence, location, and ultimate explanations

222

(1)

Explanations and probabilities

223

(2)

A prerequisite of chances

225

(1)

An improbable argument

225

(1)

Facing the firing squad

226

(3)

13 Fine-tuning and multiple universes

229

(22)

ROGER WHITE

Introduction

229

(1)

Probabilistic confirmation

230

(3)

Our universe versus some universe

233

(1)

Carter's hypothesis

234

(1)

The observational selection effect

235

(3)

Improbable and surprising events

238

(2)

Leslie's shooting analogy

240

(3)

Conclusion

243

(1)

Postscript

243

(8)

14 The chance of the gaps

251

(24)

WILLIAM DEMBSKI

Probabilistic resources

251

(2)

Universal probability bounds

253

(2)

The inflationary fallacy

255

(2)

Four widely discussed inflations

257

(3)

Explanatory power and independent evidence

260

(3)

Arthur Rubinstein - consummate pianist or lucky poseur?

263

(2)

Independent evidence for a designer

265

(2)

Closing off quantum loopholes

267

(8)

PART IV

Biology

275

(2)

15 The modern intelligent design hypothesis: breaking rules

277

(18)

MICHAEL BELIE

Differences from Paley 277

Darwinism and design

279

(3)

An "evolved" operon

282

(4)

Blood clotting

286

(2)

Falsifiability

288

(7)

16 Answering the biochemical argument from design 292

KENNETH R. MILLER

An exceptional claim 293

Mr Darwin's workshop

295

(3)

Getting to the heart of the matter

298

(1)

Whips and syringes

299

(1)

Disproving design

300

(3)

Caught in the mousetrap

303

(1)

Breaking the chain

304

(1)

Paley's ghost

305

(4)

17 Modern biologists and the argument from design 308

MICHAEL RUSE

Intelligent design

309

(2)

The explanatory filter

311

(4)

Intelligent design criticized

315

(3)

Explanatory filters

318

(1)

The blind watchmaker

319

(2)

Pain

321

(4)

Redundancy?

325

(1)

Conclusion

326

(3)

18 The paradoxes of evolution: inevitable humans in a lonely universe?

329

(19)

SIMON CONWAY MORRIS

What is best?

330

(2)

Hallmarks of creation?

332

(4)

Focusing on convergence

336

(2)

Converging brains?

338

(2)

Rare Earth?

340

(3)

Inevitably lonely?

343

(5)

19 The compatibility of Darwinism and design

348

(16)

PETER VAN INWAGEN

Index

364

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God and Design: The Teleological Argument and Modern Science

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