Haematology From the Image to the Diagnosis

Diagnostic haematology requires the assessment of clinical and laboratory data together with a careful morphological assessment of cells in blood, bone marrow and tissue ­fluids. Subsequent investigations including flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, cytogenetics and molecular studies are guided by the original morphological findings. These targeted investigations help generate a prompt unifying diagnosis. Haematology: From the Image to the Diagnosis presents a series of cases illustrating how skills in morphology can guide the investigative process. In this book, the authors capture a series of images to illustrate key features to recognize when undertaking a morphological review and show how they can be integrated with supplementary information to reach a final diagnosis.

Using a novel format of visual case studies, this text mimics ‘real life’ for the practising diagnostic haematologist – using brief clinical details and initial microscopic morphological triage to formulate a differential diagnosis and a plan for efficient and economical confirmatory investigation to deduce the correct final diagnosis. The carefully selected, high-quality photomicrographs and the clear, succinct descriptions of key features, investigations and results will help haematologists, clinical scientists, haematology trainees and haematopathologists to make accurate diagnoses in their day-to-day work.

Covering a wide range of topics, and including paediatric as well as adult cases, Haematology: From the Image to the Diagnosis is a succinct visual guide which will be welcomed by consultants, trainees and scientists alike.

About the Authors

Mike Leach, MB ChB, FRCP, FRCPath, is Consultant Haematologist and Honorary Senior Lecturer at the Haematology Laboratories and West of Scotland Cancer Centre in Gartnavel General Hospital, Glasgow, UK.

Barbara J. Bain, MB BS, FRACP, FRCPath, is Professor of Diagnostic Haematology at St Mary’s Hospital Campus, Imperial College London, and Consultant Haematologist at St Mary’s Hospital, London, UK.

Preface

Abbreviations

1. Haemophagocytic syndrome secondary to anaplastic large cell lymphoma

2. Bone marrow AL amyloidosis

3. Cup-like blast morphology in acute myeloid leukaemia

4. Neutrophil morphology

5. Primary myelofibrosis

6. Sarcoidosis

7. Leishmaniasis

8. Gelatinous transformation of the bone marrow

9. Acanthocytic red cell disorders

10. Large granular lymphocytic leukaemia

11. Pure erythroid leukaemia

12. Reactive mesothelial cells

13. Plasmablastic myeloma

14. Septicaemia

15. Unstable haemoglobin (haemoglobin Köln) and a myeloproliferative neoplasm

16. Sickle cell anaemia in crisis

17. Acute myeloid leukaemia with t(8;21)(q22;q22.1)

18. Chronic neutrophilic leukaemia

19. Essential thrombocythaemia

20. Hairy cell leukaemia

21. Mantle cell lymphoma in leukaemic phase

22. Infantile osteopetrosis

23. Reactive eosinophilia

24. Stomatocytic red cell disorders

25. Reactive lymphocytosis due to viral infection

26. Therapy-related acute myeloid leukaemia with eosinophilia

27. Red cell fragmentation syndromes

28. NK/T-cell lymphoma in leukaemic phase

29. Myelodysplastic syndrome with del(5q)

30. Classical Hodgkin lymphoma

31. Cryoglobulinaemia

32. Congenital dyserythropoietic anaemia

33. Acute monoblastic leukaemia with t(9;11)(p21.3;q23.3)

34. Chronic myeloid leukaemia presenting with myeloid sarcoma and extreme thrombocytosis

35. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency

36. Leukaemic presentation of hepatosplenic gamma-delta T-cell lymphoma

37. Myelodysplastic syndromes

38. Pelger–Huët anomaly

39. Russell bodies in lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma

40. T-cell prolymphocytic leukaemia

41. Myeloid maturation arrest

42. MDS/MPN with ring sideroblasts and thrombocytosis

43. Acute myeloid leukaemia with inv(16)(p13.1q22)

44. Babesiosis

45. Haemoglobin E disorders

46. Juvenile myelomonocytic leukaemia

47. Non-haemopoietic tumours

48. Richter transformation of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia

49. Sickle cell-haemoglobin C disease

50. T cell/histiocyte-rich B-cell lymphoma

51. Miliary tuberculosis

52. Pure red cell aplasia

53. Lymphoblastic transformation of follicular lymphoma

54. Primary hyperparathyroidism

55. Gamma heavy chain disease

56. Acute promyelocytic leukaemia with t(15;17)(q24.1;q21.2)

57. AA amyloidosis

58. Acquired sideroblastic anaemia

59. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

60. Hickman line infection

61. Monocytes and their precursors

62. Paroxysmal cold haemoglobinuria

63. Transient abnormal myelopoiesis

64. Systemic lupus erythematosus

65. Granular blast cells in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia

66. Chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia

67. Burkitt lymphoma/leukaemia

68. Gaucher’s disease

69. Myelodysplastic syndrome with haemophagocytosis

70. Primary oxalosis

71. Acute myeloid leukaemia with inv(3)(q21.3q26.2)

72. Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia

73. Chronic eosinophilic leukaemia due to FIP1L1-PDGFRA fusion gene

74. Leukaemic phase of follicular lymphoma

75. Megaloblastic anaemia

76. Reactive bone marrow and an abnormal PET scan

77. Acute megakaryoblastic leukaemia

78. Erythrophagocytosis and haemophagocytosis

79. Hyposplenism

80. Acquired haemoglobin H disease

81. Cystinosis

82. Familial platelet disorder with a predisposition to AML

83. Nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma

84. Acute monocytic leukaemia with NPM1 mutation

85. Adult T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma

86. Hereditary elliptocytosis and pyropoikilocytosis

87. Sézary syndrome

88. Spherocytic red cell disorders

89. Acute myeloid leukaemia and metastatic carcinoma

90. Chédiak-Higashi syndrome

91. Cortical T-lymphoblastic leukaemia/lymphoma

92. Trypanosomiasis

93. Acute myeloid leukaemia with myelodysplasia-related changes

94. Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm

95. Inherited macrothrombocytopenias

96. Persistent polyclonal B-cell lymphocytosis

97. Acute myeloid leukaemia with t(6;9)(p23;q34.1)

98. B-cell prolymphocytic leukaemia

99. Various red cell enzyme disorders

100. Sea blue histiocytosis in multiple myeloma

101. Enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma

Answers to multiple choice questions and further reflections on the theme

Index

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