The Handbook of Historical Linguistics

The Handbook of Historical Linguistics provides a detailed account of the numerous issues, methods, and results that characterize current work in historical linguistics, the area of linguistics most directly concerned with language change as well as past language states. Contains an extensive introduction that places the study of historical linguistics in its proper context within linguistics and the historical sciences in general Covers the methodology of historical linguistics and presents sophisticated overviews of the principles governing phonological, morphological, syntactic, and semantic change Includes contributions from the leading specialists in the field

Brian D. Joseph is Professor of Linguistics and Kenneth E. Naylor Professor of South Slavic Linguistics at The Ohio State University. Within historical linguistics, his research focuses mainly on Indo-European languages. He has written and edited numerous books – including Language History, Language Change, and Language Relationship (with Hans H. Hock, 1996) and The Synchrony and Diachrony of the Balkan Infinitive (1983) – and has published over 160 articles. He became editor of the journal Language in 2002.

Richard D. Janda is Senior Lecturer and Coordinator for Undergraduate Education in the Department of Linguistics at The Ohio State University. A specialist in both Germanic and Romance linguistics, he has written widely not only on diachronic but also on synchronic issues in phonology, morphology, and morphosyntax, as well as on historical linguistics in general. His more than 70 publications focus on drawing broader implications from the application of theory to specific problems of structure, function, variation, and change in individual languages.

List of Contributors

ix

Preface

xi

Part I Introduction 1

On Language, Change, and Language Change - Or, Of History, Linguistics, and Historical Linguistics

3

(178)

RICHARD D. JANDA AND BRIAN D. JOSEPH

Part II Methods for Studying Language Change

181

(130)

1 The Comparative Method

183

(30)

ROBERT L. RANKIN

2 On the Limits of the Comparative Method

213

(31)

S. P. HARRISON

3 Internal Reconstruction

244

(18)

DON RINGE

4 How to Show Languages are Related: Methods for Distant Genetic Relationship

262

(21)

LYLE CAMPBELL

5 Diversity and Stability in Language

283

(28)

JOHANNA NICHOLS

Part III Phonological Change

311

(112)

6 The Phonological Basis of Sound Change

313

(30)

PAUL KIPARSKY

7 Neogrammarian Sound Change

343

(26)

MARK HALE

8 Variationist Approaches to Phonological Change

369

(32)

GREGORY R. Guy

9 "Phonologization " as the Start of Dephoneticization - Or, On Sound Change and its Aftermath: Of Extension,Generalization, Lexicalization, and Morphologization

401

(22)

RICHARD D. JANDA

Part IV Morphological and Lexical Change

423

(70)

10 Analogy: The Warp and Woof of Cognition

425

(16)

RAIMO ANTTILA

11 Analogical Change

441

(20)

HANS HENRICH HOCK

12 Naturalness and Morphological Change

461

(11)

WOLFGANG U. DRESSLER

13 Morphologization from Syntax

472

(21)

BRIAN D. JOSEPH

Part V Syntactic Change

493

(80)

14 Grammatical Approaches to Syntactic Change

495

(14)

DAVID LIGHTFOOT

15 Variationist Approaches to Syntactic Change

509

(20)

SUSAN PINTZUK

16 Cross-Linguistic Perspectives on Syntactic Change

529

(23)

ALICE C. HARRIS

17 Functional Perspectives on Syntactic Change

552

(21)

MARIANNE MITHUN

Part VI Pragmatico-Semantic Change

573

(94)

18 Grammaticalization

575

(27)

BERND HEINE

19 Mechanisms of Change in Grammaticization: The Role of Frequency

602

(22)

JOAN BYBEE

20 Constructions in Grammaticalization

624

(24)

ELIZABETH CLOSS TRAUGOTT

21 An Approach to Semantic Change

648

(19)

BENJAMIN W. FORTSON IV

Part VII Explaining Linguistic Change

667

(77)

22 Phonetics and Historical Phonology

669

(18)

JOHN J. OHALA

23 Contact as a Source of Language Change

687

(26)

SARAH GREY THOMASON

24 Dialectology and Linguistic Diffusion

713

(23)

WALT WOLFRAM AND NATALIE SCHILLING-ESTES

25 Psycholinguistic Perspectives on Language Change

736

(8)

JEAN AITCHISON

Bibliography

744

(99)

Subject Index

843

(13)

Name Index

856

(23)

Language Index

879

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The Handbook of Historical Linguistics

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials