Immaterial Facts: Freud's Discovery of

Shows how Melanie Klien's studies of sexuality aggression, unconscious fantasy and identification in children extended and corrected Freud's theories of the development of the superego and early stages of the Oedipus complex.

Dr. Robert Caper is a training and supervising psychoanalyst at the Psychoanalytic Centre of California.

Acknowledgments

ix

Preface

xi

Foreword

xiii

Hanna Segal

PART I Freud's Discovery of Psychic Reality

1

(70)

Immaterial Facts

3

(8)

Freud's Early Model of the Mind

5

(1)

Psychic Reality

6

(2)

Psychoanalysis of Children

8

(3)

Psychology without a Psyche

11

(6)

The Seduction Theory

13

(2)

A Scientific Fairy Tale

15

(2)

The Discovery of Unconscious Fantasy

17

(8)

Infantile Sexuality

22

(1)

The Oedipus Complex

23

(1)

The Dynamic Unconscious

24

(1)

The Structure of Dreams and Neurosis

25

(7)

The Meaning of Dreams

26

(3)

Dreams and Neurosis

29

(1)

Repression

29

(3)

Transference and the Crystallization of the Psychoanalytic Method

32

(11)

The Role of Transference in Psychoanalysis

32

(6)

The Crystallization of the Psychoanalytic Method

38

(1)

Free Association

38

(4)

Free-Floating Attention

42

(1)

Gravitational Confinement

43

(4)

The Persistence of Freud's Original Model

44

(1)

The Theory of Libido

45

(2)

A Specimen Case: Little Hans

47

(9)

Case History

47

(6)

Freud at the Midpoint of His Development

53

(3)

Identification and the Structure of the Inner World

56

(5)

Identification

56

(3)

The Structure of the Inner World

59

(2)

Anxiety and the Structure of the Inner World

61

(6)

Abandoning the Libido Theory of Anxiety

61

(2)

A Psychological Theory of Anxiety

63

(4)

Beyond Eros

67

(4)

The Destructive Instinct

67

(4)

PART II Melanie Klein's Development of Freud's Work

71

(82)

Melanie Klein's Place in Psychoanalysis

73

(6)

Freud's Comments on Klein

75

(2)

Opposition and Acceptance

77

(2)

The Method of Child Psychoanalysis

79

(8)

Klein's Approach to the Psychoanalysis of Children

82

(1)

Klein's Technique of Child Analysis

83

(1)

Transference in Children

84

(3)

The Child's Construction of Experience

87

(7)

External Repression

88

(2)

The Child's Internal World

90

(4)

Instinct, Fantasy, and Early Psychic Processes

94

(6)

Fantasy and Instinct

94

(2)

Unconscious Fantasy and External Reality

96

(1)

Fantasy and Psychological Structure

97

(3)

Projective Identification and the Formation of the Inner World

100

(11)

The Formation of the Superego

100

(3)

Splitting and the Early Development of the Internal Object World

103

(2)

The Paranoid-Schizoid Position

105

(1)

Projective Identification

105

(3)

Projective Identification and the Psychoanalysis of Schizophrenia

108

(3)

The Transformation of the Superego: Psychological Integration and Growth

111

(12)

The Depressive Position and the Sense of Reality

115

(2)

Reparation

117

(1)

Manic Defenses and Depressive Illness

117

(4)

Reparation, Creativity, and Normal Psychological Development

121

(2)

The Early Stages of the Oedipus Complex

123

(11)

Oedipal Development of the Boy

127

(2)

Oedipal Development of the Girl

129

(1)

The Kleinian Revision of the Oedipus Complex

130

(4)

Envy and Gratitude, Splitting and Integration

134

(7)

Unconscious Envy and Splitting

136

(3)

Unconscious Gratitude and Integration

139

(2)

Psychoanalytic Knowledge

141

(5)

Therapeutic Knowledge

141

(2)

Theoretical Knowledge

143

(3)

Freud and Klein: A Summary

146

(7)

References

153

(4)

Index

157

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Immaterial Facts: Freud's Discovery of Psychic Reality and Klein's Development of His Work

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials