Industrial Scale Suspension Culture of Living Cells

The submersed cultivation of organisms in sterile containments or fermenters has become the standard manufacturing procedure, and will remain the gold standard for some time to come. This book thus addresses submersed cell culture and fermentation and its importance for the manufacturing industry. It goes beyond expression systems and integrally investigates all those factors relevant for manufacturing using suspension cultures. In so doing, the contributions cover all industrial cultivation methods in a comprehensive and comparative manner, with most of the authors coming from the industry itself. Depending on the maturity of the technology, the chapters address in turn the expression system, basic process design, key factors affecting process economics, plant and bioreactor design, and regulatory aspects.

The holder of a PhD in microbiology from the University of Fribourg, Switzerland, Hans-Peter Meyer served as VP Strategic Projects Biotechnology at Lonza until his retirement in early 2014. Following three years of postdoctoral studies in Stockholm, at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and Lehigh University, Bethlehem, USA, in 1982 he joined Prof. Armin Fiechter's team as group leader at the ETH in Zurich before starting at Lonza in Visp, Switzerland in 1986, where he held a number of positions in R&D, manufacturing, and sales & marketing. He recently joined the faculty of the University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Western Switzerland, and also remains an expert at the Commission for Technology & Innovation (CTI) of the Swiss Federal Confederation.

Diego R. Schmidhalter is head of R&T within the pharma and biotechnology custom manufacturing division at Lonza Switzerland. He holds a PhD in microbiology from the University of Fribourg, Switzerland, and carried out two years of postdoctoral studies at Genencor International, California, USA. He has held various management positions at Lonza, including head of microbial anufacturing, head of the Biopharma R&D Services business, and as head of Microbial Manufacturing Science and Technology, as well as being a member of the Biopharmaceuticals business team. Dr. Schmidhalter has over 20 years of experience in the biotechnology industry in biopharmaceuticals and biochemicals process development and manufacturing, technology transfer, scaling-up fermentations right up to the 50,000-liter scale, and within the biopharmaceuticals related regulatory environment.

The History and Economic Relevance of Industrial Scale Suspension Culture of Living Cells (Hans-Peter Meyer, Diego R. Schmidhalter)

PART I: SUSPENSION CULTURE OF BACTERIA, YEASTS, AND FILAMENTOUS FUNGI
Bacterial Suspension Cultures (Patrick Sagmeister, Mohammad Jazini, Joachim Klein, and Christoph Herwig)
Yeast Suspension Culture (Diethard Mattanovich, Carmen Jungo, Jana Wenger, Michal Dabros, and Michael Maurer)
Filamentous Fungi Fermentation (Anders Norregaard, Stuart M. Stocks, Mads O. Albaek, John M. Woodley, and Krist V. Gernaey)

PART II: SUSPENSION CULTURE OF ALGAE AND PLANT CELLS
Microalgae Grown Under Heterotrophic and Mixotrophic Conditions (Karin Kovar, Pavel Pribyl, and Markus Wyss)
Recombinant Protein Production with Microalgae (Alexandre Lejeune, Remy Michel, and Aude Carlier)
Suspension Culture of Microorganisms (Algae and Cyanobacteria)under Phototrophic Conditions (Peter Bergmann, Astrid Nissen, Lars Beyer, Peter Ripplinger, Walter Trosch)
Suspension Culture of Plant Cells under Heterotrophic Conditions (Nicole Imseng, Stefan Schillberg, Cornelia Schurch, Daniel Schmid, Kai Schutte, Gilbert Gorr, Dieter Eibl, and Regine Eibl)
Suspension Culture of Plant Cells under Phototrophic Conditions (Holger Niederkruger, Paulina Dabrowska-Schlepp, and Andreas Schaaf)

PART III: SUSPENSION CULTURE OF PROTOZOA, INSECT CELLS, AVIAN CELLS, AND MAMMALIAN CELLS
Suspension Culture of Protozoan Organisms (M.W.W. Hartmann and R. Breitling)
Industrial Large Scale of Suspension Culture of Insect Cells (Antonio Rold?o, Manon Cox, Paula Alves, Manuel Carrondo, and Tiago Vicente)
Avian Suspension Culture Cell Lines for Production of Vaccines and Other Biologicals (Manfred Reiter, Daniel Portsmouth, and P. Noel Barrett)
Large Scale Suspension Culture of Mammalian Cells (Richard M Alldread, John R. Birch, Hilary K Metcalfe, Suzanne Farid, Andrew J. Racher, Robert J. Young, and Mohsan Khan)

PART IV: SUSPENSION CULTURE FOR SPECIAL PRODUCTS
Pillars of Regenerative Medicine: Therapeutic Human Cells and Their Manufacture
(Christian van den Bos, Robert Keefe, Carmen Schirmaier, and Michael McCaman)
Virus Production Under Suspension Conditions (O.-W. Merten, W.A.M. Bakker, J. Vorlop, M. Reiter, G. Visnovsky, V. Jager, M. Merabishvili, and U. Reichl)
Cultivable Marine Organisms as a Source of New Products (Jean-Michel Kornprobst)