Integrated Inductors and Transformers:

With the ability to improve performance, reduce fabrication costs, and increase integration levels of both RX and TX sections of the RF/mm-wave front-end, passive inductive components have experienced extraordinary growth in ICs. Therefore, a fundamental understanding of monolithic inductors and transformers has become essential for all process engineers and circuit designers.Supplying balanced coverage of the technology and applications, Integrated Inductors and Transformers: Characterization, Design and Modeling for RF and mm-Wave Applications provides a complete overview of the design, fabrication, and modeling of monolithic inductors and transformers. It considers the underlying physics and theoretical background of inductive components fabricated on a semiconductor substrate.Deals with both inductors and transformers and their application in RF/mm-wave ICs Focuses on silicon-based inductive components and their performance optimization in RF/mm-wave ICs Provides insight into lumped scalable modeling of both inductors and transformers Covers concepts of system calibration, test pattern parasitics, and de-embedding for on-wafer measurements of passive devices Illustrates practical applications of theoretical concepts by means of meaningful circuit design examplesHighlighting the pressing requirements of the wireless market and evolving communication standards, the text provides a comprehensive review of recently developed modeling techniques and applications. It also includes helpful rule-of-thumb design guidelines and commonly employed optimization strategies to help kick-start your design, fabrication, and modeling efforts.

List of Figures	p. ix
List of Tables	p. xvii
Introduction	p. 1
Organization	p. 5
References	p. 8
Basic Concepts	p. 9
Basic Definitions and Loss Mechanisms	p. 9
Layout Fundamentals	p. 14
Passive Device Measurements	p. 16
Calibration Accuracy and Residual Error	p. 17
De-Embedding Techniques	p. 20
Fabrication and Modeling: The State of the Art	p. 25
Fabrication Technology and Advanced Layout Techniques	p. 25
Numerical and Circuit Modeling	p. 27
References	p. 30
Monolithic Inductors on Silicon	p. 33
Overview on Silicon Technology	p. 34
Silicon Technologies	p. 34
Fabrication Technology	p. 35
Substrate Optimization for Inductor on Silicon	p. 36
Comparative Analysis	p. 37
Benefits of Buried Layer PGS	p. 38
Fabricated Inductors	p. 39
Integrated Inductors for Single-Ended Applications	p. 40
Symmetric Integrated Inductors	p. 41
Inductance Calculation	p. 44
State-of-the-Art Inductance Equations	p. 45
Modified Current Sheet Expression for Sub-nH Inductors	p. 48
Inductance Modeling of Thick-Metal Inductors	p. 51
Modeling of Monolithic Inductors	p. 53
Lumped Scalable Model	p. 54
Model Validation	p. 58
References	p. 63
Analysis and Modeling of Silicon-Integrated Transformers	p. 65
Substrate Optimization of Transformer on Silicon	p. 67
Transformer Characterization and Analysis	p. 68
Modeling of Stacked Transformers	p. 72
Lumped Scalable Model	p. 73
Model Validation	p. 76
References	p. 80
Design Guidelines and Circuit Design Examples for Inductors and Transformers	p. 83
Application of Inductive Components in RF/mm-Wave ICs	p. 83
Inductor Design Guidelines and Optimization Procedures	p. 86
Transformer Design Guidelines and Optimization Procedures	p. 94
Circuit Design Examples	p. 101
An Image-Reject Receiver Front-End for 5-GHz WLANs	p. 102
A 17-GHz Voltage-Controlled Oscillator with Transformer-Based Resonator	p. 106
A 24-GHz UWB Transmitter for Automotive Short-Range Radar	p. 110
References	p. 115
Inductive Components on Dieletric Substrates	p. 121
IPD Technology	p. 122
Inductive Components on Glass Substrate	p. 124
5-GHz WLAN Module Architecture	p. 124
IRFs and TX Filters in IPD Technology	p. 126
Inductive Components on Plastic Substrate	p. 130
References	p. 135
Glossary	p. 137
Index	p. 141
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.

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Integrated Inductors and Transformers: Characterization, Design and Modeling for RF and MM-Wave Applications

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