An Introduction to Biblical Aramaic

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ISBN: 9780664234249 | 0664234240
Cover: Paperback
Copyright: 9/3/2012

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The study of biblical Aramaic, an ancient Semitic language from which the Hebrew alphabet was derived, is necessary for understanding texts written during certain periods of early Jewish and Christian history and is especially important for the study of the books of Daniel and Ezra. This new textbook is a thorough guide to learning to read and translate biblical Aramaic and includes an introduction to the language, examples of texts for practice translations, and helpful comparison charts.

About this Book	p. ix
Abbreviations	p. xi
What is "Biblical Aramaic"?	p. 1
From The Phoenician to the Aramaic Writing System	p. 3
Consonants and Syllables	p. 3
The Development of Specific Phonemes in Aramaic and Hebrew	p. 5
Masoretic Vowel Signs	p. 10
Vowels and Vowel Signs	p. 11
Syllabic Structure of BA Words	p. 14
Differences between Aramaic and Hebrew Vowels	p. 15
Aramaic and Hebrew Word Comparisons	p. 17
Ketib and Qere	p. 17
The Noun	p. 19
Gender	p. 19
Absolute and Construct States	p. 20
The Determinate (Emphatic) State	p. 21
Basic noun parsings	p. 22
Particular Groups of Nouns	p. 22
Nouns Ending in &cgpK;- (-û) and &cgpL;- (-î)	p. 22
Nouns Ending in &cgpA;-	p. 24
Important Individual Nouns	p. 24
&cgpB;&cgpIbbar; "father"	p. 24
&cgpD;&cgpBcdotbbarfn; "son"	p. 24
&cgpH;&cgpJbT;&cgpEEcddot; "associate, partner"	p. 24
&cgpA;&cgpNcdotvtwodot;&cgpSbdot; "word, matter"	p. 24
&cgpC;&cgpRbdiahellip; "name"	p. 25
Nouns with Suffixes	p. 25
Nouns with suffixes	p. 27
Adjectives	p. 27
Numerals	p. 28
Ordinal Numbers	p. 28
Cardinal Numbers	p. 29
Gentilics	p. 30
Prepositions	p. 30
Pronouns	p. 32
Personal Pronouns	p. 32
Demonstrative Pronouns ("This," "These/Those")	p. 33
The Verb	p. 35
The Perfect	p. 35
Perfect forms (base conjugation)	p. 36
The Imperfect	p. 37
Imperfect forms (base conjugation)	p. 38
The Imperative	p. 33
Imperative forms (base conjugation)	p. 39
The Jussive	p. 39
The Conjugations	p. 40
Basic Verbal Patterns	p. 41
Perfect forms in various conjugations	p. 46
Imperfect forms in various conjugations	p. 46
The Participle	p. 47
Participle forms in various conjugations	p. 49
The Infinitive	p. 50
Infinitive forms in various conjugations	p. 51
Mixed forms	p. 51
Verbs with Suffixes	p. 52
Imperfect Forms with Suffixes and Energic Nun (-inn/-in)	p. 53
Verbs with suffixes	p. 54
Weak Verbs	p. 54
Roots Beginning with &cgpJ; (I n)	p. 55
Roots Beginning with &cgpL; (I y/w)	p. 55
Roots Beginning with &cgpI; (I&rhookipa;)	p. 55
Roots with a Long Vowel in Middle Position (Hollow Roots; II î/û)	p. 56
Roots Ending in &cgpA; (III y)	p. 56
&cgpA;&cgpH;&cgpI;/&cgpIbT;&cgpH;&cgpI;	p. 57
Roots with Identical Second and Third Consonants (Geminate Roots; II=III)	p. 57
Verbs with &cgpH;, &cgpM;, or &cgpD;	p. 58
Weak verbs	p. 58
Special Verbs	p. 59
&cgpT;&cgpN;&cgpA; "go"	p. 59
&cgpF;&cgpN;&cgpA; "go up"	p. 59
&cgpM;&cgpE;&cgpL; "know"	p. 60
&cgpA;&cgpK;&cgpA; "be"	p. 60
&cgpD;&cgpB;&cgpI; "perish"	p. 60
Weak verbs/special verbs with suffixes	p. 61
Mixed forms (II)	p. 61
Syntax	p. 63
Morphosyntax	p. 63
Genitive Chains	p. 63
Genitive chains	p. 64
The Particle of Existence &cgpL;&cgpHbbar;&cgpIbtwodot; / &cgpL;&cgpHbbar; &cgpL;&cgpIbtwodot;	p. 65
The Accusative Particle &cgpH;&cgpL;	p. 66
&cgpN; as Accusative Particle	p. 66
The Interrogative Particle &cgpA;	p. 66
The Particles &cgpA;&cgpSbtwodot; and &cgpY;&cgpSbbar;	p. 67
Tenses and Aspects	p. 67
The Perfect	p. 68
The Participle	p. 68
Participle and Perfect as a Combined Tense	p. 69
The Phrase &cgpD;&cgpS;&cgpI;&cgpK; &cgpA;&cgpJ;&cgpM;	p. 70
Participle and Imperative as a Combined Tense	p. 70
The Imperfect	p. 70
Impersonal Speech	p. 71
Impersonal speech	p. 72
Word Order	p. 72
Word order	p. 74
Narrative Syntax	p. 74
Perfect and Participle as Narrative Tenses	p. 75
Circumstantial Clauses	p. 76
Changing Word Order between Predicate and Subject	p. 76
Analytic and Synthetic Syntax	p. 77
Analytic Elements	p. 78
The Particle &cgpL;&cgpEcdotbdot;	p. 78
The Use of &cgpL;&cgpEcdotbdot;	p. 79
&cgpL;&cgpEcdotbdot; Compound Conjunctions	p. 79
Other Conjunctions	p. 80
Conjunctions	p. 81
Synthetic Syntax	p. 82
Implicit Subjugation	p. 82
Implicit Attributive Clauses	p. 83
Word List	p. 84
Persian and Greek Loanwords	p. 91
Comparative Word List (Aramaic/Hebrew)	p. 93
Idiomatic Expressions	p. 95
The Zakkur Inscription	p. 98
Aramaic Samples from Qumran	p. 101
Abram's Prayer for God's Help	p. 101
Levi's Farewell Speech: A Praise of Wisdom	p. 102
King Nabonidus's Prayer	p. 103
Two Sayings from the Wisdom of Ahiqar	p. 105
Answers to Exercises	p. 107
Paradigms	p. 120
The Perfect	p. 120
The Imperfect	p. 129
The Imperative	p. 135
The Jussive	p. 137
The Participle	p. 139
The Infinitive	p. 144
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An Introduction to Biblical Aramaic

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Table of Contents

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