An Introduction to Database Systems

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ISBN: 9780201543292 | 020154329X
Cover: Hardcover
Copyright: 8/1/1994

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A classic book, revised--the best, most comprehensive, and most up-to-date treatment of database concepts and technology available. Contains greatly expanded treatment of object-oriented database system, including a proposal for rapprochement between OO and relational technologies. Includes important new chapters on functional dependencies, views, domains, and missing information.

(All chapters begin with an Introduction end with a Summary, Exercises, and Reference and Bibliography)
Preliminaries
An Overview of Database Management
What is a database system?
What is a database?
Why database?
Data independence
Relational systems and others
Database System Architecture
The three levels of the architecture
The external level
The conceptual level
The internal level
Mappings
The database administrator
The database management system
Data communications
Client/server architecture
Utilities
Distributed processing
An Introduction to Relational Databases
An informal look at the relational model
Relations and relvars
What relations mean
Optimization
The catalog
Base relvars and views
Transactions
The suppliers-and-parts database
An Introduction to SQL
Overview
The catalog
Views
Transactions
Embedded SQL
Dynamic SQL and SQL/CLI
SQL is not perfect
The Relational Model
Types
Values v Variables
Types v Representations
Type Definition
Operators
Type generators
SQL facilities
Relations
Tuples
Relation types
Relation values
Relation variables
SQL facilities
Relational Algebra
Closure revisited
The original algebra: Syntax
The original algebra: Semantics
Examples
What is the algebra for?
Further points
Additional operators
Grouping and ungrouping
Relational Calculus
Tuple calculus
Examples
Calculus vs. algebra
Computational capabilities
SQL facilities
Domain calculus
Query-By-Example
Integrity
A closer look
Predicates and propositions
Relvar predicates and database predicates
Checking the constraints
Internal v external constraints
Correctness v consistency
Integrity and views
A constraint classification scheme
Keys
Triggers (a digression)
SQL facilities
Views
What are views for?
View retrievals
View updates
Snapshots (a digression)
SQL facilities
Database Design
Functional Dependencies
Basic definitions
Trivial and nontrivial dependencies
Closure of a set of dependencies
Closure of a set of attributes
Irreducible sets of dependencies
Further Normalization I: 1NF, 2NF, 3NF, BCNF
Nonloss decomposition and functional dependencies
First, second, and third normal forms
Dependency preservation
Boyce/Codd normal form
A note on relation-valued attributes
Further Normalization II: Higher Normal Forms
Multi-valued dependencies and fourth normal form
Join dependencies and fifth normal form
The normalization procedure summarized
A note on denormalization
Orthogonal design (a digression)
Other normal forms
Semantic Modeling
The overall approach
The E/R model
E/R diagrams
Database design with the E/R model
A brief analysis
Transaction Management
Recovery
Transactions
Transaction recovery
System recovery
Media recovery
Two-phase commit
Savepoints (a digression)
SQL facilities
Concurrency
Three concurrency problems
Locking
The three concurrency problems revisited
Deadlock
Serializability
Recovery revisited
Isolation levels
Intent locking
ACID dropping
SQL facilities
Further Topics
Security
Discretionary access control
Mandatory access control
Statistical databases
Data encryption
SQL facilities
Optimization
A motivating example
An overview of query processing
Expression transformation
Database statistics
A divide-and-conquer strategy
Implementing the relational operators
Missing Information
An overview of the 3VL approach
Some consequences of the foregoing scheme
Nulls and keys
Outer join (a digression)
Special values
SQL facilities
Type Inheritance
Type hierarchies
Polymorphism and substitutability
Variables and assignments
Specialization by constraint
Comparisons
Operators, versions, and signatures
Is a circle an ellipse?
Specialization by constraint revisited
SQL facilities
Distributed Databases
Some preliminaries
The twelve objectives
Problems of distributed systems
Client/server systems
DBMS independence
SQL facilities
Decision Support
Aspects of decision support
Database design for decision support
Data preparation
Data warehouses and data marts
Online analytical processing
Data mining
SQL facilities
Temporal Databases
What is the problem?
Intervals
Packing and unpacking relations
Generalizing the relational operators
Database work design
Integrity constraints
Logic-Based Databases
Overview
Propositional calculus
Predicate calculus
A proof-theoretic view of databases
Deductive database systems
Recursive query processing
Objects, Relations, And Xml
Object Databases
Objects, classes, methods, and messages
A closer look
A cradle-to-grave example
Miscellaneous issues
Object / Relational Databases
The First Great Blunder
The Second Great Blunder
Implementation issues
Benefits of true rapprochement
SQL facilities
The World Wide Web and XML
The Web and the Internet
An overview of XML
XML data definition
XML data manipulation
XML and databases
SQL facilities
Appendixes
The TransRelationalâäó Model
Three levels of abstraction
The basic idea
Condensed columns
Merged columns
Implementing the relational operators
SQL Expressions, Table Expressions, and Boolean Expressions
Abbreviations, Acronyms, and Symbol
Online storage structures and access methods, database access: an overview, page sets and files, indexing, hashing, pointer chains, and compression techniques
Index
Table of Contents provided by Publisher. All Rights Reserved.

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An Introduction to Database Systems

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials