Introduction to Digital Communication

, by Ziemer, Rodger E.; Peterson, Roger W.

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ISBN: 9780138964818 | 0138964815
Cover: Paperback
Copyright: 8/9/2000

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This book provides a comprehensive and in-depth practical introduction to digital communications, from fundamental theory to state-of the-art material. It incorporates many practical examples of design issues.The book offers a broad perspective through a wide range of discussion topics, as well as basic background material. It covers a wide range of topics, including digital modulation; signal-space methods; coding; spread spectrum communications; digital cellular communications; and satellite communication link analysis. The book includes derivations as well as tables of special functions. It also provides applications of MATLAB programs useful in communication system design.A valuable reference book for professional communications engineers.y

Preface

xvii

Introduction to Digital Data Transmission

(40)

Introduction

(4)

Components of a Digital Communication System

(6)

General Considerations

(1)

Subsystems in a Typical Communication System

(3)

Capacity of a Communications Link

(3)

Communications Channel Modeling

(14)

Introduction

(1)

Specific Examples of Communication Channels

(1)

Propagation Channels

(2)

Land Line

(1)

Compact Disc (CD) Channels

(1)

Approaches to Communication Channel Modeling

(1)

Discrete Channel Approach

(1)

Waveform Description of Communication Channels

(1)

Interference and Distortion in Communication Channels

(7)

External Channel Propagation Considerations

(1)

Communication Link Power Calculations

(6)

Decibels in Communication System Performance Calculations

(1)

Calculation of Power Levels in Communication Systems; Link Budgets

(5)

Driving Forces in Communications

(1)

Computer Use in Communication System Analysis and Design

(1)

Preview of the Book

(8)

References

(1)

Problems

(5)

Signals, Systems, Modulation, and Noise: Overview

(100)

Review of Signal and Linear System Theory

(15)

Introduction

(1)

Classification of Signals

(1)

Fundamental Properties of Systems

(2)

Complex Exponentials as Eigenfunctions for a Fixed, Linear System; Frequency Response Function

(1)

Orthogonal Function Series

(2)

Complex Exponential Fourier Series

(4)

The Fourier Transform

(2)

Signal Spectra

(1)

Energy Relationships

(2)

System Analysis

(1)

Basic Analog Modulation Techniques

(9)

Double-Sideband Modulation

(1)

The Hilbert Transform; Single-Sideband Modulation

(3)

Angle Modulation

(5)

Complex Envelope Representation of Bandpass Signals and Systems

(5)

Bandpass Signals

(2)

Bandpass Systems

(3)

Signal Distortion and Filtering

(12)

Distortionless Transmission and Ideal Filters

(1)

Group and Phase Delay

(9)

Nonlinear Systems and Nonlinear Distortion

(3)

Practical Filter Types and Characteristics

(6)

General Terminology

(3)

Butterworth Filters (Maximally Flat)

(1)

Chebyshev Filters (Equal Ripple)

(2)

Bessel (Maximally Flat Delay) Filters

(1)

Sampling Theory

(10)

The Lowpass Sampling Theorem

(3)

Nonideal Effects in Sampling

(1)

Sampling of Bandpass Signals

(2)

Oversampling and Downsampling to Ease Filter Requirements

(1)

Pulse Code Modulation

(4)

Differential Pulse Code Modulation

(1)

Random Processes

(21)

Mathematical Description of Random Processes

(7)

Input-Output Relationships for Fixed Linear Systems with Random Inputs; Power Spectral Density

105

(1)

Partial Descriptions

105

(3)

Output Statistics of Linear Systems

108

(4)

The Central and Noncentral Chi-Square Distributions

112

(1)

Examples of Random Processes

112

(2)

Narrowband Noise Representation

114

(3)

Distributions of Envelopes of Narrowband Gaussian Processes

117

(2)

Computer Generation of Random Variables

119

(10)

Introduction

119

(1)

Generation of Random Variables Having a Specific Distribution

120

(2)

Spectrum of a Simulated White Noise Process

122

(3)

Generation of Pseudo-Noise Sequences

125

(4)

Summary

129

(12)

References

133

(1)

Problems

134

(7)

Basic Digital Communication Systems

141

(58)

Introduction

141

(1)

The Binary Digital Communications Problems

141

(14)

Binary Signal Detection in AWGN

141

(4)

The Matched Filter

145

(3)

Application of the Matched Filter to Binary Data Detection

148

(1)

General Formula for PE

148

(2)

Antipodal Baseband Signaling

150

(1)

Baseband Orthogonal Signaling

150

(1)

Baseband On-Off Signaling

151

(3)

Correlator Realization of Matched Filter Receivers

154

(1)

Signaling Through Bandlimited Channels

155

(13)

System Model

155

(2)

Designing for Zero ISI: Nyquist's Pulse-Shaping Criterion

157

(3)

Optimum Transmit and Receive Filters

160

(4)

Shaped Transmit Signal Spectra

164

(2)

Duobinary Signaling

166

(2)

Equalization in Digital Data Transmission

168

(16)

Introduction

168

(1)

Zero-Forcing Equalizers

169

(4)

Minimum Mean-Square Error Equalization

173

(4)

Adaptive Weight Adjustment

177

(5)

Other Equalizer Structures

182

(1)

Equalizer Performance

183

(1)

A Digital Communication System Simulation Example

184

(6)

Noise Effects in Pulse Code Modulation

190

(4)

Summary

194

(5)

References

195

(1)

Problems

196

(3)

Signal--Space Methods in Digital Data Transmission

199

(108)

Introduction

199

(3)

Optimum Receiver Principals in Terms of Vector Spaces

202

(17)

Maximum a Posteriori Detectors

202

(3)

Vector Representation of Signals

205

(1)

K-Dimensional Signal Space Representation of the Received Waveform

206

(1)

Scalar Product

206

(1)

Gram-Schmidt Procedure

207

(2)

Schwarz's Inequality

209

(1)

Parseval's Theorem

210

(2)

MAP Detectors in Terms of Signal Spaces

212

(3)

Performance Calculations for MAP Receivers

215

(4)

Performance Analysis of Coherent Digital Signaling Schemes

219

(13)

Coherent Binary Systems

219

(1)

Coherent M-ary Orthogonal Signal Schemes

220

(4)

M-ary Phase-Shift Keying

224

(3)

Quadrature--Amplitude Modulation

227

(5)

Signaling Schemes Not Requiring Coherent References at the Receiver

232

(9)

Noncoherent Frequency-Shift Keying (NFSK)

232

(3)

Differential Phase-Shift Keying (DPSK)

235

(6)

Comparison of Digital Modulation Systems

241

(4)

Bit Error Probabilities from Symbol Error Probabilities

243

(1)

Bandwidth Efficiencies of M-ary Digital Communication Systems

244

(1)

Comparison of M-ary Digital Modulation Schemes on Power and Bandwidth-Equivalent Bases

245

(3)

Coherent Digital Modulation Schemes

245

(2)

Noncoherent Digital Modulation Schemes

247

(1)

Some Commonly Used Modulation Schemes

248

(18)

Quadrature-Multiplexed Signaling Schemes

249

(1)

Quadrature Multiplexing

249

(2)

Quadrature and Offset-Quadrature Phase-Shift Keying

251

(3)

Minimum-Shift Keying

254

(1)

Performance of Digital Quadrature Modulation Systems

254

(4)

Gaussian MSK

258

(1)

π/4-Differential QPSK

258

(3)

Power Spectra for Quadrature Modulation Schemes

261

(5)

Design Examples and System Tradeoffs

266

(5)

Multi-h Continuous Phase Modulation

271

(13)

Description of the Multi-h CPM Signal Format

271

(5)

Calculation of Power Spectra for Multi-h CPM Signals

276

(6)

Synchronization Considerations for Multi-h CPM Signals

282

(2)

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing

284

(12)

Introduction

284

(2)

The Idea behind OFDM

286

(1)

Mathematical Description of DFT-Implemented OFDM

286

(5)

Effect of Fading on OFDM Detection

291

(2)

Parameter Choices and Implementation Issues in OFDM

293

(1)

OFDM Symbol Rate for Combating Delay Spread

293

(1)

Realizing Diversity in OFDM

294

(1)

Implementation Issues

295

(1)

Simulation of OFDM Waveforms

295

(1)

Summary

296

(11)

References

299

(2)

Problems

301

(6)

Channel Degradations in Digital Communications

307

(59)

Introduction

307

(1)

Synchronization in Communication Systems

307

(14)

Carrier Synchronization

308

(9)

Symbol Synchronization

317

(2)

Frame Synchronization

319

(2)

The Effects of Slow Signal Fading in Communication Systems

321

(28)

Performance of Binary Modulation Schemes in Rayleigh Fading Channels

321

(1)

Introduction

321

(1)

Bit Error Probability Performance in Slow Rayleigh Fading

322

(2)

The Use of Path Diversity to Improve Performance in Fading

324

(5)

DPSK Performance in Moderately Fast Rayleigh Fading

329

(3)

Performance of M-ary Modulation Schemes in Slow Fading

332

(1)

Introduction

332

(1)

M-ary PSK and DPSK Performance in Slow Rayleigh Fading

333

(3)

M-ary PSK and DPSK Performance in Slow Ricean Fading

336

(2)

M-ary QAM Performance in Slow Rayleigh Fading

338

(3)

M-ary Noncoherent FSK Performance in Slow Ricean Fading

341

(1)

M-ary PSK and DPSK Performance in Slow Fading with Diversity

342

(1)

Rayleigh Fading

342

(2)

Ricean Fading

344

(5)

Diagnostic Tools for Communication System Design

349

(9)

Introduction

349

(1)

Eye Diagrams

350

(1)

Envelope Functions for Digital Modulation Methods

351

(2)

Phasor Plots for Digital Modulation Systems

353

(5)

Summary

358

(8)

References

361

(1)

Problems

362

(4)

Fundamentals of Information Theory and Block Coding

366

(104)

Introduction

366

(2)

Basic Concepts of Information Theory

368

(26)

Source Coding

368

(6)

Lempel-Ziv Procedures

374

(10)

Channel Coding and Capacity

384

(1)

General Considerations

384

(1)

Shannon's Capacity Formula

385

(2)

Capacity of Discrete Memoryless Channels

387

(4)

Computational Cutoff Rate

391

(3)

Fundamentals of Block Coding

394

(28)

Basic Concepts

395

(1)

Definition of a Block Code

395

(1)

Hamming Distance and Hamming Weight

395

(2)

Error Vectors

397

(1)

Optimum Decoding Rule

398

(2)

Decoding Regions and Error Probability

400

(2)

Coding Gain

402

(1)

Summary

403

(1)

Linear Codes

404

(1)

Modulo-2 Vector Arithmetic

404

(2)

Binary Linear Vector Spaces

406

(2)

Linear Block Codes

408

(3)

Systematic Linear Block Codes

411

(1)

Distance Properties of Linear Block Codes

412

(1)

Decoding Using the Standard Array

413

(4)

Error Probabilities for Linear Codes

417

(5)

Cyclic Codes

422

(28)

Definition of Cyclic Codes

423

(1)

Polynomial Arithmetic

423

(3)

Properties of Cyclic Codes

426

(1)

Encoding of Cyclic Codes

427

(1)

Decoding of Cyclic Codes

427

(2)

Hamming Codes

429

(1)

Definition of Hamming Codes

429

(1)

Encoding of Hamming Codes

430

(2)

Decoding of Hamming Codes

432

(1)

Performance of Hamming Cods

432

(4)

BCH Codes

436

(1)

Defintion and Encoding for BCH Codes

436

(5)

Decoding of BCH Codes

441

(2)

Performance of BCH Codes

443

(1)

Reed--Solomon Codes

444

(1)

Definition of Reed--Solomon Codes

444

(2)

Decoding the Reed--Solomon Codes

446

(1)

Performance of the Reed--Solomon Codes

446

(1)

The Golay Code

447

(1)

Definition of the Golay Code

447

(1)

Decoding the Golay Code

448

(1)

Performance of the Golay Code

449

(1)

Coding Performance in Slow Fading Channels

450

(2)

Summary

452

(18)

References

462

(1)

Problems

463

(7)

Fundamentals of Convolutional Coding

470

(66)

Introduction

470

(1)

Basic Concepts

470

(19)

Definition of Convolutional Codes

471

(7)

Decoding Convolutional Codes

478

(4)

Potential Coding Gains for Soft Decisions

482

(3)

Distance Properties of Convolutional Codes

485

(4)

The Viterbi Algorithm

489

(18)

Hard Decision Decoding

489

(11)

Soft Decision Decoding

500

(4)

Decoding Error Probability

504

(2)

Bit Error Probability

506

(1)

Good Convolutional Codes and Their Performance

507

(3)

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Introduction to Digital Communication

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials