An Introduction to Microscopy

This textbook provides a foundation in the basics of light and polarizing microscopy. Highlighting key terms and background material, the chapters detail topics ranging from basic theoretical knowledge to advanced subjects, such as electron and confocal microscopy, as well as fluorescence. The authors provide an accompanying CD-ROM, which features color images, videos, and additional supporting material. An instructor's guide, for qualifying professors, includes solutions to homework and laboratory exercises intended for undergraduate and graduate students. An Introduction to Microscopyfocuses on forensic science but also explores the various disciplines that benefit from microscopy applications.

Preface	p. xi
Authors	p. xiii
Introduction	p. xv
Light and Matter	p. 1
Dual Nature of Light	p. 1
Vector Notation and Wavefronts	p. 4
Interactions of Light and Matter	p. 7
Questions	p. 9
Exercises	p. 9
Fundamentals of Light and Optics	p. 11
Refractive Index	p. 11
Lenses	p. 12
Aberrations	p. 15
Image Formation	p. 17
Resolution	p. 20
Depth of Field	p. 22
References and Further Reading	p. 24
Questions	p. 24
Exercises	p. 24
Types of Microscopes	p. 27
Main Components	p. 27
Objectives	p. 27
Achromats	p. 27
Fluorites	p. 27
Apochromats	p. 28
Eyepieces	p. 28
Huygenxan (Negative) Eyepieces	p. 30
Ramsden (Positive) Eyepieces	p. 30
Condensers	p. 30
Stage	p. 31
Light Sources	p. 33
Types of Microscopes	p. 34
Bright Field Microscopy	p. 35
Dark Field Microscopy	p. 35
Phase Contrast Microscopy	p. 35
Polarized Light Microscopy	p. 37
Other Methods	p. 38
References and Further Reading	p. 38
Questions	p. 38
Exercises	p. 38
Kohler Illumination	p. 41
Description	p. 41
Set Up and Technique	p. 43
References and Further Reading	p. 49
Questions	p. 49
Exercises	p. 49
Sample Preparation, Manipulation, and Micrometry	p. 51
Preparing Samples: Basic Principles	p. 51
Mounting Media	p. 53
Micrometers and Measurements	p. 55
References and Further Reading	p. 57
Questions	p. 58
Exercises	p. 58
Photomicrography	p. 61
Acquisition	p. 61
Image Capture	p. 62
Basic Image Processing	p. 62
References and Further Reading	p. 72
Questions	p. 72
Exercises	p. 72
Polarized Light Microscopy	p. 75
Plane Polarized Light	p. 75
Double Refraction and Calcite	p. 79
Plane Polarized Light and Birefringent Materials	p. 81
Polarizing Light Microscopes	p. 83
Interference Colors and Extinction Points	p. 87
Retardation Plates and Compensators	p. 91
Example Applications	p. 93
References and Further Reading	p. 96
Questions	p. 96
Exercises	p. 96
Basic Crystallography	p. 99
Crystal Systems	p. 99
Isotropic and Anisotropic Crystals	p. 99
Isotropic Crystals	p. 99
Uniaxial Crystals	p. 103
Biaxial Crystals	p. 106
References and Further Reading	p. 109
Questions	p. 109
Exercises	p. 110
Chemical Microscopy	p. 111
Physical and Chemical Properties	p. 111
Precipitates, Solids, and Solubility	p. 112
Microcrystal Methods	p. 117
Polymorphs, Hydrates, and Co-Crystals	p. 122
References and Further Reading	p. 131
Questions	p. 132
Exercises	p. 132
Answers to Questions	p. 135
Abbreviations	p. 149
Glossary of Terms	p. 151
Farther Reading and Resources	p. 157
Index	p. 161
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.

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An Introduction to Microscopy

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