Introduction to Nanoelectronics: Science,

This textbook is a comprehensive, interdisciplinary account of the technology and science underpinning nanoelectronics, covering the underlying physics, nanostructures, nanomaterials, and nanodevices. It provides a unifying framework for the basic ideas needed to understand the developments in the field. After introducing the recent trends in semiconductor and device nanotechnologies, as well as novel device concepts, the methods of growth, fabrication and characterization of materials for nanoelectronics are discussed. Coverage then moves to an analysis of nanostructures including recently-discovered nanoobjects, and concludes with a discussion of devices that use a 'simple' scaling-down approach to copy well-known microelectronic devices, and nanodevices based on new principles that cannot be realized at the macroscale. With numerous illustrations and homework problems, this textbook is suitable for advanced undergraduate and graduate students in electrical and electronic engineering, nanoscience, materials, bioengineering and chemical engineering. Addtional resources, including instructor-only solutions and Java applets, are available from www.cambridge.org/9780521881722.

Preface	p. vii
List of notation	p. xii
Toward the nanoscale	p. 1
Particles and waves	p. 11
Introduction	p. 11
Classical particles	p. 11
Classical waves	p. 13
Wave-particle duality	p. 23
Closing remarks	p. 28
Problems	p. 29
Wave mechanics	p. 33
Introduction	p. 33
The Schrodinger wave equation	p. 33
Wave mechanics of particles: selected examples	p. 38
Atoms and atomic orbitals	p. 55
Closing remarks	p. 62
Problems	p. 63
Materials for nanoelectronics	p. 65
Introduction	p. 65
Semiconductors	p. 66
Crystal lattices: bonding in crystals	p. 68
Electron energy bands	p. 73
Semiconductor heterostructures	p. 84
Lattice-matched and pseudomorphic heterostructures	p. 87
Organic semiconductors	p. 95
Carbon nanomaterials: nanotubes and fullerenes	p. 98
Closing remarks	p. 104
Problems	p. 107
Growth, fabrication, and measurement techniques for nanostructures	p. 109
Introduction	p. 109
Bulk crystal and heterostructure growth	p. 110
Nanolithography, etching, and other means for fabrication of nanostructures and nanodevices	p. 115
Techniques for characterization of nanostructures	p. 120
Spontaneous formation and ordering of nanostructures	p. 127
Clusters and nanocrystals	p. 134
Methods of nanotube growth	p. 136
Chemical and biological methods for nanoscale fabrication	p. 141
Fabrication of nanoelectromechanical systems	p. 157
Closing remarks	p. 161
Problems	p. 163
Electron transport in semiconductors and nanostructures	p. 165
Introduction	p. 165
Time and length scales of the electrons in solids	p. 165
Statistics of the electrons in solids and nanostructures	p. 172
The density of states of electrons in nanostructures	p. 180
Electron transport in nanostructures	p. 183
Closing remarks	p. 213
Problems	p. 215
Electrons in traditional low-dimensional structures	p. 218
Introduction	p. 218
Electrons in quantum wells	p. 218
Electrons in quantum wires	p. 228
Electrons in quantum dots	p. 231
Closing remarks	p. 237
Problems	p. 238
Nanostructure devices	p. 242
Introduction	p. 242
Resonant-tunneling diodes	p. 242
Field-effect transistors	p. 255
Single-electron-transfer devices	p. 269
Potential-effect transistors	p. 276
Light-emitting diodes and lasers	p. 284
Nanoelectromechanical system devices	p. 306
Quantum-dot cellular automata	p. 317
Closing remarks	p. 321
Tables of units	p. 323
Index	p. 325
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Introduction to Nanoelectronics: Science, Nanotechnology, Engineering, and Applications

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