The Invisible Line: Land Reform, Land Tenure Security and Land Registration

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ISBN: 9780754636373 | 0754636372
Cover: Hardcover
Copyright: 10/28/2003

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A timely and clear overview of the historical and theoretical context of current land reform and tenure issues. Illustrated with global case studies, key sections explore land and rights to land, property, land tenure, and reform and land registration. The book summarises the main principles of land reform activities and practices and argues that the perception of land tenure security is the most critical factor of success to land reform.

Figures and Tables

1 INVISIBLE LINES

1.1 The Nature of Invisible Lines

1.1.1 Invisibility Made Visible

(1)

1.1.2 Invisible Features

(1)

1.1.3 Invisible Lines Lost and Found

(1)

1.2 Where Do You Live?

1.2.1 The 'Written' Line

(1)

1.2.2 Hunger and Land Distribution

(1)

1.2.3 Redrawing Invisible Lines

(1)

1.2.4 Land Reform Programs

(1)

1.2.5 Poverty, Hunger and Invisible Lines

(1)

1.3 Invisible Lines as a Tool to Battle Hunger

1.3.1 Hunger and Politics

(1)

1.3.2 State Policies

(2)

1.3.3 Sustainable Development

(1)

1.4 Why Create (More) Invisible Lines?

1.4.1 Land, Food and Shelter

(1)

1.4.2 Access to Land

(1)

1.4.3 Concern for the Environment

(1)

1.4.4 An Impulse to Agricultural Production

(1)

1.4.5 No Standard Solution

(1)

1.5 Why This Book?

1.5.1 A Technological Approach; Legal Engineering and Institution Building

(2)

1.5.2 Private Ownership and Common Lands

(1)

1.5.3 The Aim of this Book

(2)

2 LAND AND RIGHTS TO LAND

2.1 Land

2.1.1 What is Land?

(1)

2.1.2 The Authority over Land

(1)

2.1.3 Elasticity of Land

(1)

2.2 Rights to Land

2.2.1 Protection of Rights to Land

(1)

2.2.2 Rights to Land may be Non-Transferable

(1)

2.3 Significance of Rights to Land

2.3.1 Land Parcels

(1)

2.3.2 A New Approach to Rights to Land

(3)

3 PROPERTY

3.1 Property, Rights to Property, and Property Regime

3.1.1 Property Rights

(1)

3.1.2 Property Regime

(1)

3.2 The Various Functions of Property

3.2.1 The Social Significance of Property

(1)

3.2.2 Property as a Social Relationship

(1)

3.3 Landed Property

3.3.1 Land and Prosperity

(1)

3.3.2 Urbanization

(1)

3.3.3 Industrialization

(1)

3.3.4 Continued Importance of Landed Property

(1)

3.4 Property, Market Economy, and Economic Development

3.4.1 The Standard Model

(1)

3.4.2 Market Economy and Landed Property

(4)

4 LAND TENURE

4.1 Land Tenure and Holding Rights to Land

4.1.1 Holding Rights to Land

(3)

4.1.2 Evolution in The Holding of Rights to Land

(1)

4.1.3 What, Who, How, Where, and When

(1)

4.1.4 Absolute or Relative Rights to Land

(1)

4.1.5 Rural and Urban Land

(1)

4.1.6 Land Tenure Perceptions

(1)

4.1.7 Change of Land Tenure Regimes

(1)

4.1.8 Land Tenure and the Role of the State

(3)

4.2 Land Tenure (In-)Security

4.2.1 Tenure (In-)Security

(1)

4.2.2 Change in Tenure Security

(1)

4.2.3 Various Aspects of Security of Land Tenure

(2)

4.3 Improving Land Tenure Security

4.3.1 Looking for Improvement of Land Tenure Security

(2)

4.3.2 Documented Land Tenure

(2)

4.3.3 Legal Framework for New Land Tenure Security

(1)

4.4 Common Lands

4.4.1 The Essence of Common Land

(2)

4.4.2 From Common Land to Private Land?

(1)

4.4.3 The African Challenge for Legal Engineering

(1)

4.5 Re-Adjusting the Approach Toward Land Tenure

4.5.1 Resilience and Revival of Customary or Indigenous Property Regimes

(1)

4.5.2 Renewed Attention for Communal and Customary Land Tenure

(2)

4.6 Legal Pluralism

4.6.1 More than one Legal System

(2)

4.6.2 Customary Tenure Versus Statutory Tenure

(2)

4.7 Land, Vegetation, Soil and Air; A Different Tenure Regime

4.7.1 Various Concepts and Tenure Objects

(1)

4.7.2 Various Property Regimes

5 LAND REFORM

5.1 Non-Evolutionary Change of Land Tenure

5.1.1 Land Reform and Agrarian Reform

(61)

5.1.2 No Standard Land Reform Formula

(2)

5.1.3 Underestimated Requirements for Successful Land Reform

(2)

5.2 Motives for Land Reform

5.2.1 Political Reasons for Land Reform

(1)

5.2.2 Economic Growth Paradigm

(1)

5.2.3 Structuralism, Dependency and Liberation Theology

(2)

5.2.4 Land Reform and the Environment

(3)

5.3 Land Reform in Several Regions of the World

5.3.1 Latin-American Countries

(2)

5.3.2 Land Reform in Africa

(1)

5.3.3 Land Reform under Communist Rule

(3)

5.3.4 Land Reform Activities in Former Communist Countries

(5)

5.3.5 Land Reform in South East Asia

(3)

5.4 Land Reform Results and Expectations

5.4.1 Land Reform and Economic Development

102

(1)

5.4.2 Mixed Successes of Land Reforms

103

(2)

5.4.3 Evaluating Results of Land Reform

105

(1)

5.4.4 Decision-Making and Land Reform

106

(1)

5.5 Future of Land Reform

5.5.1 Land Reform for What?

107

(1)

5.5.2 Land; An Important Vehicle for Rural Development

108

(1)

5.5.3 Emphasis on Local Involvement

109

(1)

5.5.4 Introduction of Land Tax

110

(1)

5.5.5 Considerations about Land Reform to Change Land Tenure

111

(2)

5.5.6 Land Reform and Land Consolidation

113

(3)

5.5.7 Land Reform and Land Registration

116

(5)

6 LAND REGISTRATION

6.1 Land Registration Systems; A Concise Historical Introduction

6.1.1 Roots of Land Registration Systems

121

(2)

6.1.2 Implementation of a Land Registration

123

(2)

6.1.3 Land Law and Religion

125

(1)

6.1.4 Land Registration and Commerce

126

(1)

6.1.5 Families of Law

127

(1)

6.1.6 Land Rights in Different Law Families

128

(2)

6.1.7 Peculiar Terms Used in Land Registration

130

(1)

6.1.8 'Absolute' Land Rights

131

(1)

6.1.9 Land Administration and Land Registration

132

(3)

6.2 Purpose of Land Registration

6.2.1 Land Registration as a Tool

135

6.2.2 Various Functions and Differences in Data Accuracy

131

(7)

6.3 Non-Documented Rights to Land

6.3.1 Customary Rights to Land

138

(1)

6.3.2 Considerations for Documented Land Rights

139

(1)

6.3.3 Cause of Dual Legal Systems

140

(1)

6.3.4 A Drive to Register Non-Documented Rights to Land

141

(1)

6.4 Evolution of Documented Rights to Land

6.4.1 Monuments and Curses

142

(1)

6.4.2 Clay Tables

143

(1)

6.4.3 Levying Land Tax

144

(1)

6.4.4 Data on 'Land'

145

(1)

6.4.5 Transfers of Rights to Land

146

6.4.6 Mortgages

141

(7)

6.5 Positive and Negative Land Registration Systems

6.5.1 A Comparative Review

148

(3)

6.5.2 The Position of the Registrar

151

(2)

6.6 Registration Resulting in Title Certificates

6.6.1 The 'Torrens' System

153

(1)

6.6.2 Introduction of Title Registration in England and Wales

154

(1)

6.6.3 Some Remarks about Registration of Titles

155

(5)

6.7 Negative Systems of Land Registration

6.7.1 Land Registrations Based on Deeds as Evidence

160

(1)

6.7.2 Complications in the Registration of Deeds

161

(2)

6.7.3 Conversion of Land Registrations

163

(1)

6.7.4 The Specific Situation in Former Communist Countries

164

(2)

6.8 Cadastre

6.8.1 The Origin of Cadastres

166

(2)

6.8.2 Use of the Term Cadastre

168

(1)

6.9 Cadastral Map and Cadastral Survey

6.9.1 Cadastral Maps and Topographical Maps

169

(2)

6.9.2 Linking the Cadastral Maps and the Registers

171

7. SPECIFIC ASPECTS OF LAND REGISTRATION

7.1 Title Insurance

7.1.1 An Extraordinary System of Insurance

113

(61)

7.1.2 Title Companies

174

(1)

7.1.3 Indemnification by Title Insurance

175

(1)

7.2 Main Characteristics of Land Registration

7.2.1 Documents and Customs

175

(1)

7.2.2 Titles or Deeds

176

(1)

7.2.3 What is the Purpose?

177

(1)

7.3 Evolution in Land Registration and Cadastre

7.3.1 Some Examples

178

(2)

7.3.2 Various Cadastral Systems and their Legal Differences

180

(2)

7.3.3 Land Registration Systems in the USA

182

(3)

7.3.4 Parcel Identifiers

185

(4)

7.3.5 Parcel Based Registration of Deeds

189

(2)

7.4 Integrity of Land Data

7.4.1 Computerization

191

(1)

7.4.2 Land Data Exchange

192

(2)

7.4.3 A Multi-Layer Approach

194

(2)

7.5 Boundaries

7.5.1 Cadastral Boundaries and Topographical Features

196

(2)

7.5.2 Registered, Guaranteed, Fixed, and General Boundaries

198

(3)

Bibliography

201

(6)

Glossary

207

(6)

Index

213

(4)

Annex A

217

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The Invisible Line: Land Reform, Land Tenure Security and Land Registration

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