Leibniz Determinist, Theist, Idealist

"A major philosophical work which is a joy to read." -- The Review of Metaphysics. This book presents an in-depth interpretation of three important parts of Leibniz's metaphysics, thoroughly grounded in the texts as well as in philosophical analysis and critique. The three areas discussed are the metaphysical part of Leibniz's philosophy of logic, his essentially theological treatment of the central issues of ontology, and his theory of substance (the famous theory of monads).

Robert Merrihew Adams is Clark Professor of Moral Philosophy and Metaphysics at Yale University

Introduction

3

(6)

I. Determinism: Contingency and Identity

9

(104)

1. Leibniz's Theories of Contingency

9

(44)

1. Leibniz's First Main Solution

10

(12)

2. Leibniz's Second Main Solution

22

(24)

3. Leibniz and Possible Worlds Semantics

46

(4)

4. On Leibniz's Sincerity

50

(3)

2. The Logic of Counterfactual Non-identity

53

(22)

1. Problems of Transworld Identity

53

(4)

2. The Conceptual Containment Theory of Truth

57

(6)

3. Actuality in the Conceptual Containment Theory

63

(2)

4. An Anti-Semantical Theory of Truth

65

(2)

5. Why Did Leibniz Hold the Conceptual Containment Theory?

67

(4)

6. Conceptual Containment and Transworld Identity

71

(4)

3. The Metaphysics of Counterfactual Nonidentity

75

(38)

1. Substance and Law

77

(4)

2. Substance and Miracle

81

(21)

3. Perception and Relations

102

(4)

4. Conclusions

106

(3)

Appendix: A Priori and A Posteriori

109

(4)

II. Theism: God and Being

113

(104)

4. The Ens Perfectissimum

113

(22)

1. Absolute Qualities as "Requirements" of Things

115

(4)

2. Sensible Qualities, Knowledge, and Perfection

119

(4)

3. Is Leibniz's Conception of God Spinozistic?

123

(12)

5. The Ontological Argument

135

(22)

1. The Incomplete Proof

136

(5)

2. Proof of Possibility

141

(16)

6. Existence and Essence

157

(20)

1. Is Existence an Essential Quality of God?

158

(6)

2. Defining Existence

164

(6)

3. Existence Irreducible

170

(7)

7. The Root of Possibility

177

(15)

1. The Proof of the Existence of God from the Reality of Eternal Truths

177

(7)

2. Leibniz's Theory Examined

184

(8)

8. Presumption of Possibility

192

(25)

1. Jurisprudence and Pragmatism in Theology

194

(4)

2. Jurisprudence and the Logic of Probability

198

(4)

3. A Proof for the Presumption of Possibility

202

(4)

4. Presuming the Possibility of Beings as Such

206

(3)

5. Objections Considered

209

(8)

III. Idealism: Monads and Bodies

217

(184)

9. Leibniz's Phenomenalism

217

(45)

1. Phenomena

219

(16)

2. Esse Is Percipi

235

(6)

3. Aggregates

241

(14)

4. The Reality of Phenomena

255

(7)

10. Corporeal Substance

262

(46)

1. Bodies and Corporeal Substances

262

(3)

2. The Structure of a Corporeal Substance: Alternative Interpretations

265

(9)

3. The Structure of a Corporeal Substance: Some Texts

274

(11)

4. Monadic Domination

285

(6)

5. Principles of Unity

291

(17)

11. Form and Matter in Leibniz's Middle Years

308

(33)

1. Form

309

(15)

2. Matter

324

(14)

3. Realism

338

(3)

12. Primary Matter

341

(37)

1. Three Senses of "Matter" in a Letter to Arnauld

341

(8)

2. Matter and the Eucharist

349

(12)

3. Bernoulli's Questions

361

(3)

4. The Debate about Thinking Matter

364

(11)

5. Conclusions

375

(3)

13. Primitive and Derivative Forces

378

(23)

1. The "Mixed" Character of Derivative Forces

378

(15)

2. Primary Matter and Quantity

393

(8)

Bibliography

401

(10)

Index of Leibniz Texts Cited

411

(12)

General Index

423

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Leibniz Determinist, Theist, Idealist

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials