Linguistics and the Third Reich:

This book presents an insightful account of the academic politics of the Nazi era and analyzes the work of selected linguists, including Jos Trier and Leo Weisgerber. Hutton situates Nazi linguistics within the politics of Hitler's state and within the history of modern linguistics.

Acknowledgements

ix

Introduction

1

(13)

1 Whose history?

14

(11)

Introduction

14

(1)

Structuralism oppressed?

15

(7)

One linguistics or two?

22

(3)

2 The defence of cultural diversity

25

(32)

Introduction

25

(4)

`The struggle for freedom in research'

29

(6)

Reading the journals

35

(19)

Interpretative pitfalls

54

(3)

3 Academic politics

57

(29)

Introduction

57

(1)

The purge in the universities

58

(5)

Gleichschaltung and cultural policy

63

(4)

Karl Vossler

67

(2)

Julius Schwietering

69

(5)

Hennig Brinkmann -- scholar-spy

74

(3)

Adolf Bach

77

(6)

Academics in the totalitarian state

83

(3)

4 Etymology as collective therapy: Jost Trier's leap of faith

86

(20)

Introduction

86

(1)

From structuralist to fascist?

87

(10)

The linguist in the vanguard of the mother-tongue

97

(2)

A society of strict discipline

99

(5)

Post-structuralism and fascism

104

(2)

5 The strange case of Sonderfuhrer Weisgerber

106

(38)

Introduction

106

(1)

Four papers by Weisgerber from the 1920s

107

(11)

Themes in Weisgerber's early work

118

(4)

Linguistic community and mother-tongue

122

(4)

Celtic studies, Leo Weisgerber and National Socialist linguistics

126

(1)

The modernizing impulse

127

(7)

Sonderfuhrer Weisgerber, Nazi Germany and the Celts

134

(6)

Weisgerber and mother-tongue rights

140

(2)

Weisgerber the redeemer

142

(2)

6 `A complicated young man with a complicated fate, in a complicated time': Heinz Kloss and the ethnic missionaries of the Third Reich

144

(44)

Introduction

144

(3)

The Ahnenerbe and the Volksdeutsche

147

(6)

The Deutsches Ausland-Institut and Heinz Kloss

153

(2)

Kloss' visit to the United States, 1936-7

155

(2)

Kloss and his critics

157

(12)

German brothers at the gates of the Reich

169

(7)

Kloss as `politically unreliable' and an `opponent' of National Socialism

176

(2)

`Dismissal' from the University of Tubingen

178

(1)

Membership of the Nazi Party

178

(1)

Kloss' role at the DAI -- information gathering and scholarly intelligence

179

(4)

Kloss and the Publikationsstelle Stuttgart-Hamburg

183

(2)

Kloss and group rights

185

(1)

A final obfuscation

186

(2)

7 Yiddish linguistics and National Socialism

188

(45)

Introduction

188

(2)

The rise of Yiddish studies

190

(7)

Solomon Birnbaum

197

(3)

Birnbaum's career in Germany

200

(5)

Jechiel Fischer

205

(6)

Yiddish studies and German scholars

211

(1)

Franz Beranek

212

(8)

Lutz Mackensen

220

(3)

Peter-Heinz Seraphim

223

(7)

Linguistics as a key to history

230

(3)

8 Vitalist linguistics, linguistics as theosophy and characterology

233

(27)

Introduction

233

(1)

Vitalism

234

(3)

Ernst Junger and the non-arbitrary sign

237

(5)

Hennig Brinkmann's year zero: 1933

242

(4)

Theosophy and anthroposophy: linguists as `cranks'?

246

(4)

Characterology

250

(4)

New Age Nazism

254

(6)

9 Linguistics, race and the horror of assimilation

260

(46)

Introduction

260

(1)

Human unity, human diversity and linguistics

260

(7)

Whitney on race and language

267

(5)

The emergence of a rhetorical consensus

272

(3)

Race and sound-system

275

(2)

Race and ethnic group

277

(6)

The scientific imagination and the horizons of community

283

(2)

Linguistics and mother-tongue

285

(3)

Schmidt-Rohr and the cult of mother-tongue

288

(6)

Conclusion

294

(12)

Appendix

306

(17)

Notes

323

(34)

Bibliography

357

(46)

Index

403

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Linguistics and the Third Reich: Mother-tongue Fascism, Race and the Science of Language

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