Lipoic Acid: Energy Production, Antioxidant

Unique in its two-fold protective function, alpha-lipoic acid has drawn unprecedented interest for its role as a coenzyme in mitochondrial energy metabolism and as an antioxidant and cell redox modulator. Divided into three sections, this book covers the latest discoveries in the chemistry, biological action, and significance of alpha-lipoic acid in energy production, antioxidant activity, and health. Section I reviews the discovery, molecular structure, biosynthesis, and characterization of lipoic acid. Section II describes metabolic aspects and human pharmacodynamics and explains its role in energy production and antioxidant activity. Section III discusses clinical aspects and the treatment of metabolic syndromes and loss of mitochondrial function with lipoic acid supplementation.

Series Preface	p. xi
Preface	p. xv
Editors	p. xvii
Contributors	p. xix
Discovery and Molecular Structure
A Trail of Research on Lipoic Acid	p. 3
Lipoic Acid Biosynthesis	p. 11
The Search for Potent Alpha-Lipoic Acid Derivatives: Chemical and Pharmacological Aspects	p. 57
Novel Indole Lipoic Acid Derivatives: Synthesis and Their Antioxidant Effects	p. 85
Metabolic Aspects
Alpha-Keto Acid Dehydrogenase Complexes and Glycine Cleavage System: Their Regulation and Involvement in Pathways of Carbohydrate, Protein, and Fat Metabolism	p. 101
Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex Regulation and Lipoic Acid	p. 149
Role of Lipoyl Domains in the Function and Regulation of Mammalian Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex	p. 167
Inactivation and Inhibition of Alpha-Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase: Oxidative Modification of Lipoic Acid	p. 197
Lipoate-Protein Ligase A: Structure and Function	p. 217
An Evaluation of the Stability and Pharmacokinetics of R-Lipoic Acid and R-Dihydrolipoic Acid Dosage Forms in Human Plasma from Healthy Subjects	p. 235
Pharmacokinetics, Metabolism, and Renal Excretion of Alpha-Lipoic Acid and Its Metabolites in Humans	p. 271
Modulation of Cellular Redox and Metabolic Status by Lipoic Acid	p. 293
Redoxin Connection of Lipoic Acid	p. 315
Lipoic Acid as an Inducer of Phase II Detoxification Enzymes through Activation of Nrf2-Dependent Gene Expression	p. 349
Clinical Aspects
Deficiency Disorders of Components of PDH Complex: E2, E3, and E3BP Deficiencies	p. 375
Relationship between Primary Biliary Cirrhosis and Lipoic Acid	p. 407
Effects of Lipoic Acid on Insulin Action in Animal Models of Insulin Resistance	p. 423
Activation of Cytoprotective Signaling Pathways by Alpha-Lipoic Acid	p. 439
Selenotrisulfide Derivatives of Alpha-Lipoic Acid: Potential Use as a Novel Topical Antioxidant	p. 461
Alpha-Lipoic Acid: A Potent Mitochondrial Nutrient for Improving Memory Deficit, Oxidative Stress, and Mitochondrial Dysfunction	p. 475
Effects of Alpha-Lipoic Acid on AMP-Activated Protein Kinase in Different Tissues: Therapeutic Implications for the Metabolic Syndrome	p. 495
Index	p. 521
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.

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Lipoic Acid: Energy Production, Antioxidant Activity and Health Effects

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